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標題: | 顏色或形狀何者為蜜蜂辨識圖像之關鍵? Whether color or form is the critical cue in pattern discrimination by honey bees? |
作者: | Pei-Shou Hsu 徐培修 |
指導教授: | 楊恩誠 |
關鍵字: | 蜜蜂,顏色,形狀,圖像辨認, color,form,honey bees,discrimination, |
出版年 : | 2009 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 當一隻蜜蜂採集花粉與花蜜時,通常只造訪同種類的花朵,此現象稱為花朵恆定性,其好處在於可降低選擇及更換目標之代價,同時闡明蜜蜂能夠辨別花朵之間的差異,並利用花朵特徵記憶造訪過的蜜源。視覺特徵對辨識物體而言為重要線索,蜜蜂具有三種光感受器以接收外界刺激,這些刺激經由特定受器轉換為可解讀之訊息傳送到腦部進一步分析。而光的刺激包含顏色與形狀兩部份,分別由不同的視覺系統接收;以昆蟲而言,此兩系統具有平行且相輔相成卻截然不同的感受路徑,但目前何系統較為關鍵卻尚未證實。因此本研究訓練蜜蜂依序分別學習形狀與顏色特徵後,測試其對於交互配對圖像有何反應,形狀組選用垂直及水平軸向之線條,顏色組選用藍色及綠色方塊。上述實驗及後續不同處理皆發現蜜蜂選擇顏色正確但形狀錯誤的圖像,處理其一為交換訓練順序令蜜蜂先學習顏色,處理其二為交換正負圖像,如將藍色正確綠色錯誤之配對改為綠色正確藍色錯誤。此外本研究發現蜜蜂最後的選擇在不同訓練顏色之間有差異,以藍色訓練則其面對交互配對圖像時以正確顏色選擇的機會較高。本研究結果指出顏色為蜜蜂分辨圖像之首要依據,意即當其整合記憶產生認知的過程中對顏色依賴性較形狀大,並且受天生顏色偏好影響。 Since Charles Darwin described the tendency of pollinators that specialized foraging in a single flower species, it has been suggested that the cause of behavioral constraints come from reducing of the cost of switching between flowers. The constraints also implicate that fertilizers have an ability to learn floral features and use these characteristics as cues of food rewards. Objects often provide visual signals that would be detected by photoreceptors. Honey bees evolved trichromatic color vision and monochromatic form vision to receive signatures from objects. Each of the two systems consists of innate filters, which are neurons or a group of neurons perceive specific inputs from receptors. Photoreceptors capture quanta of light signals, which can be translated into many cues that are delivered in the visual system by two main types of parallel channels beyond the retina, one channel for colored area, the other color-blind channel for oriented edge. So far the interaction between two main channels is still unclear. To figure out the issue, we foremost trained the bees subsequently with form and color then tested them with opposite combination patterns. The chosen forms were vertical and horizontal orientations while the chosen colors were blue and green. Here, we observed that the bees chose correct color but false form pattern in the above experiment and following manipulations. One was inverse learning order changes into color training at the start. Another was exchange of positive and negative targets such as blue right green wrong treatment turns into green right blue wrong one. We also noticed that the effect of blue rewarded pattern in color training was dissimilar from green one. Provided blue was the positive target during the training process, the final choices tended to right color patterns more. Our results indicate that chromatic signal is the main cue of objects in pattern discrimination. That is, color is preferred to form in conflictive situation. Additionally, the blue is favorite compare with green so that the innate color preference involves in visual recognition. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45359 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 昆蟲學系 |
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