護理科系應屆畢業生工作價值觀與臨床就業意願之相關性探討

Abstract

護理人力不足已是全球普遍的問題，我國亦不例外，多年來，許多人莫不想盡辦法解決此一困境。事實上，學校每年所培養的護理人員數是足夠的，但護理畢業生畢業後不從事護理工作，是造成人力短缺的重要因素之一。眾多研究在討論影響應屆畢業生的就業意願關鍵因素時，常發現「工作價值觀」佔有相當重要的地位。本研究希望藉由確認護理科系應屆畢業生的工作價值觀，來瞭解、預測其臨床工作的就業意願，將有助於學校及醫院在就業輔導上的準備。 本研究屬一橫斷描述性研究，採問卷調查研究法進行資料的收集，母群體為全國各學制護理科系應屆畢業生。研究者以簡單隨機抽樣的方式於各學制各抽出三所學校，由學校選出可配合施測時間的一個畢業班，全班皆為收案對象。本研究自2009年4月15日至2009年5月22日，共發放出498份問卷，回收有效問卷473份，回收有效問卷率為94.98%。主要以羅吉斯迴歸分析的方式探討工作價值觀對就業意願的影響。 研究結果發現，在控制個人屬性變項下，工作價值觀量表中的「安定與免於焦慮取向」對就業意願有顯著的預測力，即「安定與免於焦慮取向」的得分越高，其就業意願越高；同時發現個人屬性中因興趣入學者，其就業意願越高。根據研究結果提出以下建議：學校能增加甄試入學的名額，以招收更多真正對護理有興趣的學生；提早發現志趣不合的學生，給予適當的輔導或是轉科系的協助。後續研究者在進行此類題目時，可以不同的研究方式或是統計方法，進而更完整的瞭解護理科系應屆畢業生就業意願的相關因素，及政策努力的方向。

It has been a global question about the nursing manpower insufficient, and our country is no exception for that. People had made the most effort to solve this predicament for many years. In fact, it is enough for the nursing staff training to count every year, but not engaged in the nursing work after graduating, which is one of the important factors causing manpower to be in short. Many studies discussing the key factor of influencing employment intension, often find that the ' work value ' occupies quite important position. The purpose of the study is that by confirming the work value of the new nursing graduates, to understand and predict their clinical employment intension, then to facilitate the preparation in employment coaching of nursing schools and hospitals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using constructive questionnaires, and the population attends to the new graduates of every nursing educational system in the whole country. The researcher takes three schools out in every nursing educational system by way of simple random sampling. The research was conducted from April 15 of 2009 to May 22 of 2009, which distributed 498 questionnaires. Finally, 473 valid questionnaires were collected, and the valid response rate was 94.98%. The relationship between employment intension and work value was analyzed by Logistic regression. The research found that, under controlling the demographic variables, work value ' stable and avoiding anxiety orientation ' is the apparent prediction to the employment intension, thus the higher scores of the ' stable and avoiding anxiety orientation ' is, the higher intension of employment. It also found that students who are interested in nursing get the higher employment intension. Propose the following suggestions according to the result of the research: schools can increase the number of students on admission test, in order that more students who are interested in nursing can be recruited. Subsequent researcher while carry on the same kind of topic, can conduct the researches by different study methods or statistics methods for the relevant factors of new nursing graduate's employment intension, and the direction of policy establishing.