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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 詹長權 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Huey-Ching Ng | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃惠卿 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T04:14:30Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2011-03-12 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2010-03-12 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2010-01-18 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45328 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 研究背景：亞洲沙塵暴多發生於冬末至春季，主要源地位於中國西北和華北、蒙古一帶的各大沙漠。沙塵暴發生後，顆粒較小的粒子可以向上傳送到 1000 公尺至 3000 公尺高空，再藉由西風帶的氣流向東傳送至台灣。台灣先前的研究發現亞洲沙塵暴的暴露會導致心血管疾病的急診人數和住院率顯著上升，而動物實驗也證實了沙塵暴露會令實驗動物的肺部及週邊血管產生發炎反應，但在亞洲沙塵暴對死亡影響的流行病學研究方面其結果卻都未達統計上顯著性，推測原因可能是因為之前的研究受限於觀察年代不夠長和使用分析方法上的限制。本研究針對上述研究資料和方法上的限制，將利用更長的研究觀察年代 (1994-2007年，共 14 年)，以及利用更適用於分析短期急性暴露效應的個案交叉研究法進行亞洲沙塵暴空氣污染對台北地區一般居民於死亡影響的流行病學研究。
研究目的：利用流行病學研究方法研究台北地區於 1994 年至 2007 年受到亞洲沙塵暴空氣污染對當地一般居民死亡的影響，並進一步探討不同死因、年齡及性別上的差異。 方法：本研究利用個案交叉研究法和種是雙尾成對 t 檢，並利用環境污染物監測值和氣候資料，以及扣除了因意外死亡 (ICD-9 codes ≥ 800)、肺炎和流行性感冒死亡(ICD-9 codes 480 - 487)和死於台北地區以外個案的所有非意外死亡資料，分析台北地區1994 - 2007年受到亞洲沙塵暴影響期間對當地居民日死亡數的影響。個案交叉研究法使用條件式邏輯回歸估計與對照日相比，台北地區居民於亞洲沙塵暴影響當日和隔日的非意外死亡、心血管疾病死亡和呼吸道疾病死亡之相對危險性(relative risk, RR) 和其 95 % 信賴區間(confidence interval, CI)；本研究利用雙尾成對 t 檢定分析相較於在亞洲沙塵暴影響日與其前一週對照日非意外死亡、心血管疾病死亡和呼吸道疾病死亡人數的平均數差。所有亞洲沙塵影響和其對照日的環境污染物監測值和氣候資料皆使用雙尾成對 t 檢定進行分析比較。所有的統計分析皆使用 SAS 9.1 統計軟體進行雙尾檢定，且檢定的顯著水準為 0.05。 研究結果：台北地區於1994年至2007年期間總共有380天受到亞洲沙塵暴的影響。亞洲沙塵暴影響日的PM10和PM2.5平均濃度分別為85.7μg/m3和44.6 μg/m3，而對照日的PM10和PM2.5 平均濃度則分別61.0μg/m3和37.3μg/m3，與對照日比較，亞洲沙塵暴影響日的PM10和PM2.5濃度分別顯著增加了約 24.7μg/m3和7.4μg/m3。利用六天的對照日進行個案交叉研究結果顯示，亞洲沙塵暴分別與台北地區居民沙塵影響當日的非意外死亡、心血管疾病死亡和年齡大於或等於65歳的死亡有顯著相關，RRs分別為1.028 (95 % CI: 1.013 - 1.044)、1.040 (95% CI: 1.012 - 1.070) 和 1.033 (95 % CI: 1.015 - 1.052)。加入SO2和O3調整後的結果，亞洲沙塵暴對台北地區居民沙塵影響當日的非意外死亡、心血管疾病死亡和年齡大於等於65歳死亡的RRs分別為1.027 (95 % CI: 1.011 - 1.043)、1.038 (95% CI: 1.010 - 1.068) 和 1.031 (95 % CI: 1.012 - 1.050)。此外，亞洲沙塵暴同時也與台北地區居民沙塵影響隔日的非意外死亡、心血管疾病死亡和年齡小於65歳的死亡也呈顯著相關，RRs分別為1.022 (95 % CI: 1.007 - 1.038)、1.040 (95% CI: 1.011 - 1.069) 和 1.038 (95 % CI: 1.009 - 1.068)。而雙尾成對 t 檢定的結果顯示，在高濃度沙塵影響日的影響之下，會增加年齡大於或等於65歳的心血管疾病的每日死亡數，平均數差為 1.05 (95 % CI: 0.01 -2.09)。 結論：本研究結果顯示，亞洲沙塵暴與台北地區居民於沙塵影響當日和隔日的非意外死亡和心血管疾病死亡具顯著相關，而其中年齡大於或等於65歳居民的死亡更易受到亞洲沙塵暴暴露的影響。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T04:14:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R96841008-1.pdf: 1336190 bytes, checksum: d90d17c389a67c6bbd03afda0b567551 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 .................................................................................................. I
ABSTRACT .............................................................................................. III 第1章 前言 ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 文獻回顧 ............................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 亞洲沙塵暴及成因 ............................................................................ 1 1.1.2 沙塵暴對台灣地區空氣品質影響預警研判程序 ..................................... 2 1.1.3 亞洲沙塵暴與健康效應的相關流行病學研究 ........................................ 4 1.2 研究目的 ........................................................................................... 8 第2章 材料與方法 .................................................................................... 9 2.1 研究架構 ............................................................................................ 9 2.1.1 個案交叉研究 .................................................................................. 9 2.1.2 雙尾成對t檢定 ................................................................................ 10 2.2 研究地區基本描述 ............................................................................ 11 2.3 材料 ............................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 死因資料檔 ............................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 環境污染物和氣候監測資料 .............................................................................................................12 2.3統計分析方法 .............................................................................................................. 14 2.3.1個案交叉研究法 (Case-crossover Analysis) ......................................... 14 2.3.2雙尾成對 t 檢定 (Two-tail paired t-test) ............................................... 17 第3章 研究結果 ....................................................................................... 18 3.1 環境監測資料與死亡資料描述 ............................................................. 18 3.2 個案交叉研究結果 .......................................................................... 28 3.2.1 亞洲沙塵暴對台北地區沙塵影響當日的死亡相對危險性 ...................... 28 3.2.2 調整SO2和O3後亞洲沙塵暴對台北地區沙塵影響當日的死亡相對危險性 .............................................................................................................. 38 3.2.3 亞洲沙塵暴對台北地區沙塵影響隔日死亡的相對危險性 ........................ 46 3.3 雙尾成對 T 檢定結果 .......................................................................... 54 第4章 討論 .............................................................................................. 57 第5章 結論與建議 .................................................................................... 64 第6章 參考文獻 ....................................................................................... 66 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 個案交叉 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 空氣污染 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 亞洲沙塵暴 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 懸浮微粒 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 流行病學研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 死亡數 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Case-crossover | en |
| dc.subject | Asian dust storm | en |
| dc.subject | Air pollution | en |
| dc.subject | Deaths | en |
| dc.subject | Particulate matter | en |
| dc.subject | Epidemiology | en |
| dc.title | 亞洲沙塵暴對台北地區居民日死亡數影響之研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of Asian Dust Storms on Daily Deaths in Taipei Metropolis, Taiwan | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 98-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳保中,胡素婉,陳主智 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 亞洲沙塵暴,空氣污染,死亡數,懸浮微粒,流行病學研究,個案交叉, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Asian dust storm,Air pollution,Deaths,Particulate matter,Epidemiology,Case-crossover, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 72 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2010-01-18 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | |
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