社會資本與吸菸行為之關係－以台灣北部國中生為例

Abstract

目標：本研究目的在瞭解青少年吸菸行為類型之分佈，並進一步探討其與社會資本之關係。方法：擷取兒童與青少年行為之長期發展研究（Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-Term Evolution，簡稱CABLE）之部分資料，進行次級資料分析，研究樣本共2,013人。結果：研究樣本於八至九年級的兩年期間，其吸菸行為類型有兩年均無吸菸（83.10％）；原無吸菸但次年吸菸（7.00％）；兩年均有吸菸（4.60％）；原有吸菸但次年無吸菸（5.30％）。在控制具有影響力之背景因素後發現，好朋友吸菸人數、居住地區之人口密度、父母支持程度、父母監督程度、同儕關係、學校認同程度、校內社團參與及社會組織參與，和研究樣本在兩年間吸菸行為的類型有顯著關係。建議：1.菸害防制工作者可參考本研究結果，根據不同吸菸類型規劃符合各類學生需求之介入策略；2.家長應多關注及監督子女的日常生活；3.校方應加強在校學生對於學校的認同感；4.家長及老師應多關注學生所參與的社團和活動。

Objectives: The purposes of this study are to realize the distribution of smoking behavior among adolescents, and to examine the association between social capital and smoking behavior. Methods: Data were obtained from the Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-term Evaluation (CABLE) project, and the sample totally involved 2,013 eight graders in 2005 who continually followed over next year. Results: There were four types of smoking behavior among students from 8th to 9th grades was found, including no use tobacco between 8th and 9th grades (83.10％); no use tobacco in 8th graders but use in 9th graders (7.00％); use tobacco between 8th and 9th grades (4.60％); use tobacco in 8th graders but no use in 9th graders (5.30％). It was found that number of smoking friends, population density in residential areas, parental support, parental supervision, peer relationships, school identity, school club participation, participation in social organizations were associated with smoking behavior among adolescents after controlling for background variables. Conclusions: (1) Smoking preventive and intervening strategies were suggested to be designed for adolescents depend on different types of smoking behavior. (2) Parents should pay more attention to their offspring who were in adolescence and provide an appropriate level of supervision of adolescents. (3) Teachers are encouraged to strengthen students’ school identity. (4) Parents and teachers should keep an eye on organizations, clubs and activities which adolescents involved.