一種對於鏟花工件表面輪廓的光學量測法

Abstract

鏟花加工是傳統手工加工技術，其目的是為了在滑動面產生可含油的潤滑油溝，除平面度必須夠好外，每單位平面也需有足夠的接觸面積以及接觸高點，一直以來這項技術都是全然憑藉專業加工者的認知來做為認可的標準，儘管平面度可以由量規量測，但油溝的深度卻從未經由儀器量測，此篇論文所探討的就是由一般商業化的DVD 讀取頭發展而成的量測系統，此系統包含有一套雷射探頭模組及XY 移動平台，其中雷射探頭模組包含有一個DVD 讀取頭及一套影像擷取設備，可由失焦訊號(FES)表示一點的高度變化，而影像擷取設備則可清楚看見工件表面的溝槽輪廓，而控制XY 平台以Z 字型移動，可量測出鏟花面表面輪廓，更換DVD 前方聚焦用物鏡，適用的量測範圍有300μm, 30μm, 15μm and 4μm，而藉由量測出的鏟花表面結果，可標示出不合格或是不適當的位置，也可對凹坑深度作量測，可提供一種改善鏟花表面性質的量測方法。 而在鏟花技術這樣的原則之下，也可以藉由CNC 加工機加工出規則陣列的平面，並可由兩種不同平面其摩擦力的表現來做比較，可發現經由CNC 加工機所加工出的規則陣列，由於其表面的陣列是以規則的方式排列，因此其摩擦力也會以較為均勻的方式分布。

Scraping process is a very traditional hand work to produce lubrication grooves on a sliding surface. The scraped surface must have equally distributed patterns with required amount and concave profile per unit area, and in the meantime remaining good flatness. Although the quality of flatness can be measured by gauges, the uneven groove profiles have never been precisely measured by instrument. In this study, a measurement system based on a commercially available pick-up head is developed to measure the groove profile. This measurement system consists of a laser probe module and an XY stage. The laser probe is composed of a DVD pickup head and an image set. Driven by the XY stage in zigzag steps, the whole scraped profile can be rapidly scanned. The quality of the scraped surface can thus be improved in a more scientific way. Based on the concept of the scraping surface, we also produce regular array pattern to replace the hand-made lubrication grooves on a sliding surface by CNC machine. Comparing the friction force variation of both patterns, it is found that the CNC generated regular pattern performs more steady friction through the whole stroke than the traditional hand scraped surface.