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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 馮怡蓁(Janice Fon) | |
dc.contributor.author | E-Chin Wu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 吳怡臻 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T02:21:58Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2009-08-19 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2009-08-19 | |
dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2009-08-19 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Ang, U.-J. (1985). Taiwan Helaoyu shengdiao yanjiu [Research on Taiwanese Tones]. Taipei: Zili wanbao.
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/43459 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究探討閩語流利度對台灣華閩同步習得雙語者聲調與焦點呈現之影響。研究的華閩聲調包含了高平調、中抑揚調、低音域調(包含:低抑揚調與低降調)以及高降調。實驗共四十位男女受試者參加。依據閩語之流利程度,將受試者分為兩組︰閩語流利組與閩語不流利組。於本實驗中。前者視為單語組,後者則為雙語組。受試者須唸出單獨出現的音節以及置於句首、句中或句尾的音節。置於句子裡的音節須與句子一倂唸出。結果顯示,單語組華語聲調和焦點的基頻高於雙語組。雖然雙語組受到閩語的影響使其華語基頻低於單語組,閩語流利度的影響在雙語組的男性和女性受試者上的呈現略有不同。不同的點在於男性受試者受到閩語流利度的影響深於女性受試者。此外,比較雙語組的華語和閩語的聲調和焦點發現︰男性受試者的閩語基頻比華語的高,而女性受試者則是華語的基頻比閩語的高。雙語組男女受試者所呈現的不同趨勢,可以從雙語者對華閩語之語言偏好的不同解釋。更精確的說,雙語者會在自己較偏好的語言上,使用較高的基頻。語言的偏好決定了雙語者兩語言間,基頻的相對關係,而語言流利度和社會對不同性別的期待,則對雙語者語言偏好的選擇有決定性的影響。以閩語流利度而言,閩語越流利的雙語者,越會有偏好閩語使用的現象。而從社會對不同性別的期待而言,社會期待造就了女性使用華語的偏好與男性使用較多閩語的現象。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | This study investigated how Min proficiency influenced the realization of tones and foci in Taiwan Mandarin-Min simultaneous bilinguals. The tones encompassed included the high-level tone, the mid-dipping tone, the low tone, and the high-falling tone. Forty native Mandarin-Min simultaneous bilinguals, differing in levels of Min proficiency and balanced in gender, were recruited to read target syllables in isolation or embedded in carrier sentences at the sentence-initial, -medial, and -final positions. Comparisons of the Mandarin tones and foci produced by the subject groups differing in levels of Min proficiency showed that those less proficient in Min, referred to as the monolinguals in the present study, produced higher F0 values for their Mandarin tones and foci compared with those more proficient, referred to as the bilinguals in the present study. Yet, the effect of Min proficiency on the production of Mandarin tones by the bilinguals was not homogenous across genders. In particular, the males were more influenced by Min in their production of Mandarin tones compared with the females. Comparisons of the Mandarin and Min tones and foci produced by the proficient Min bilinguals showed that males produced higher Min compared with Mandarin, while females showed an opposite tendency. The diverse tendencies observed between the male and female bilinguals were explainable by the bilinguals’ language preference. Specifically, the more preferred language was given unique status by the allocation of higher F0 values to it. While language preference determined the relative F0 heights used for Mandarin and Min, Min proficiency and social expectations on genders’ behaviors gave clues to one’s language preferences. In terms of Min proficiency, the more proficient bilinguals were in Min, the more likely they would prefer the use of Min. In terms of social expectations on genders’ behaviors, females were expected to prefer the use of Mandarin whereas males were expected prefer the use Min. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T02:21:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-R95142002-1.pdf: 1323879 bytes, checksum: 263d8e8950d37840b5e9899bd309c8df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i CHINESE ABSTRACT ii ENGLISH ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv CHAPTERS iv FIGURES vii TABLES x CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Aims of this Study 3 1.3 Significance 5 1.4 Organization 6 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 Tones 7 2.1.1 Mandarin Tones 7 2.1.2 Min Tones 10 2.1.3 Taiwan Mandarin and Min Tones: A Comparison 15 2.1.4 The Realization of Focus on Tones 17 2.2 Bilingualism 18 2.2.1 Simultaneous Bilinguals 18 2.2.2 Language Differentiation 18 2.2.3 Language Interference 19 2.2.4 Language Proficiency 20 CHAPTER 3 METHODS 22 3.1 Subjects 22 3.2 Stimuli 25 3.3 Apparatus 29 3.4 Procedure 29 3.5 Measurements 30 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS 34 4.1 Subject Elimination via Pitch Height 34 4.2 High-Level Tones 35 4.2.1 High-Level Tones in Isolation 35 4.2.1.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 37 4.2.1.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 37 4.2.1.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 37 4.2.1.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 38 4.2.2 High-Level Tones in Sentence Contexts 38 4.2.2.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 39 4.2.2.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 40 4.2.2.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 41 4.2.2.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 42 4.3 Mid-Dipping Tones 43 4.3.1 Categorization of the Mid-Dipping Tones 43 4.3.2 Mid-Dipping Tones in Isolation 45 4.3.2.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 46 4.3.2.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 46 4.3.2.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 47 4.3.2.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 47 4.3.3 Mid-Dipping Tones in Sentence Contexts 47 4.3.3.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 48 4.3.3.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 50 4.3.3.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 52 4.3.3.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 54 4.4 Low Tones 55 4.4.1 Categorization of the Low Tones 55 4.4.2 Low-Dipping Tones in Isolation 57 4.4.2.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 58 4.4.2.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 59 4.4.2.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 59 4.4.2.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 60 4.4.3 Low-Dipping Tones in Sentence Contexts 60 4.4.3.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 60 4.4.3.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 62 4.4.3.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 63 4.4.3.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 65 4.4.4 Low-Falling Tones in Isolation 66 4.4.4.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 67 4.4.4.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 68 4.4.4.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 68 4.4.4.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 69 4.4.5 Low-Falling Tones in Sentence Contexts 69 4.4.5.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 69 4.4.5.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 71 4.4.5.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 72 4.4.5.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 73 4.4.6 Gender Differences in the Production of Creakiness 75 4.5 High-Falling Tones 77 4.5.1 High-Falling Tones in Isolation 77 4.5.1.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 78 4.5.1.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 78 4.5.1.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 79 4.5.1.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 79 4.5.2 High-Falling Tones in Sentence Contexts 80 4.5.2.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 80 4.5.2.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 82 4.5.2.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 83 4.5.2.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 84 4.5.3 Focused and Non-Focused Maximal F0 of the High-Falling Tones 86 4.5.3.1 Bilingual and Monolingual Males’ Mandarin 86 4.5.3.2 Bilingual Males’ Mandarin and Min 88 4.5.3.3 Bilingual and Monolingual Females’ Mandarin 89 4.5.3.4 Bilingual Females’ Mandarin and Min 91 4.6 The Role of Proficiency and Gender in Bilinguals’ Language Production 92 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION 97 5.1 Bilingual vs. Monolingual Variation in Mandarin Tones 97 5.2 Mandarin vs. Min Variation in Bilinguals’ Tones 102 5.3 The Low Tone of Min 107 5.4 Position Effect 109 5.5 Focus 112 5.6 Language Differentiation and Language Interference 113 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 121 REFERENCES I APPENDIX 1 A APPENDIX 2 C APPENDIX 3 E | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 閩語流利度對台灣華閩雙語者聲調與焦點呈現之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The Effect of Min Proficiency on the Realization of Tones and Foci in Taiwan Mandarin-Min Bilinguals | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 張顯達,許慧如 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 台灣華語,台灣閩語,聲調,焦點,同步習得雙語者,語言流利度, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Taiwan Mandarin,Taiwan Min,tones,foci,simultaneous bilinguals,language proficiency, | en |
dc.relation.page | 127 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2009-08-19 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 文學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 語言學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 語言學研究所 |
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