張乃熊藏書研究

Abstract

張乃熊(1890~1945)為民初之藏書家，繼承其父張鈞衡多數的適園藏書，且精於版本目錄學及鑒賞。對日抗戰期間，因守藏圖書不易，張乃熊編成《菦圃善本書目》出售藏書，最後售予代表國立中央圖書館的「文獻保存同志會」，其多數藏書現存國家圖書館。本研究針對張乃熊藏書進行分析探討，以瞭解其藏書的特色及始末。本論文的研究問題為：1.了解張乃熊藏書的特色及價值；2.了解張乃熊售出藏書的過程。 張乃熊藏書的特色為：1.多名家遞藏；2.重視宋元古本之蒐羅；3.收錄明刊本極多，且多有善本；4.孤本及珍稀本眾多；5.同時重視刊本及鈔稿本的蒐羅；6.重視蒐羅黃丕烈校跋本；7.重視蒐羅鄉邦文獻。在張乃熊將藏書售與文獻保存同志會的過程中，雖然多次反覆游移不定，但最終仍售出藏書。在民初社會的動盪中，富人藏書崛起，最後歸於公家，張氏適園是一個極具代表性的例子，今日適園藏書成為國家圖書館最大宗且完整的故家舊藏，且深具版本及研究價值，張乃熊對於保存傳承文化上的貢獻實功不可沒。

Nai-Hsiung Chang (1890~1945) is a book collector in the early period of the Republic of China. He inherited most of his father (Chun-Heng Chang)’s “Shih Yuan” book collection, and excelled in bibliography and literature study. During the Anti- Japanese war period, Nai-Hsiung Chang sold his book collection to National Central Library. This study attempts to discover: 1) the value of his book collection and 2) the process of selling his book collection to National Central Library. The characteristics of Nai-Hsiung Chang’s book collection are: 1) deriving from famous book collectors; 2) emphasising on collecting prints of Sung and Yuan Dynasty; 3) assembling numerous fine prints of Ming Dynasty; 4) collecting various only existing copies and fine sculptured masterpieces; 5) equally placing importance on prints and handwritten copies; 6) valuing Pi-Lieh Huang’s collated manuscripts; 7) placing importance on literatures of his hometown. Since Nai-Hsiung Chang was very irresolute while selling his book collection to National Central Library, he eventually made up his mind. “Shih Yuan” book collection nowadays becomes the biggest and most complete family book collection of National Central Library, and Nai-Hsiung Chang’s contribution on document and culture conservation is highly recognized.