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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 江東亮(Tung-liang Chiang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chun-Li Wu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 吳君黎 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T01:41:42Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2012-09-16 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2009-09-16 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2009-07-14 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 中文文獻
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/43190 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 背景與目的：確保每個兒童的早期健康發展，不僅在於保障兒童的健康人權，也為促進整體人口健康奠定基礎。台灣近幾十年來歷經快速的社會人口變遷，使得兒童照顧安排已從家庭決策提升成為公共政策的關注議題。而照顧安排與早期發展的關係雖然已有長久的研究歷史，但近來多以正式托育品質的影響為主軸，且鮮少討論到中間機轉。故本研究的目的為：（一）瞭解兒童早期發展是否因不同照顧安排類型而有差異；（二）檢視照顧安排是否會透過家庭育兒環境，影響兒童早期發展。
方法：本研究資料來自國民健康局出生通報和台灣出生世代研究先驅調查資料庫。該調查採兩階段分層隨機抽樣方法，取得2,048名具全國代表性的樣本，而本研究則以完成6、18及36個月三波訪問調查的1,543名幼兒為研究對象。根據樣本18個月以後的主要照顧者及分工型態，將照顧安排區分為僅由雙親照顧、共同照顧、其他非正式照顧和正式托育四種類型。依變項為36個月大的粗動作、精細動作、語言與溝通、認知和身邊處理社會能力五個發展量尺。家庭育兒環境的測量，則為一含包含情緒支持和認知刺激兩個面向、由受訪者自評的短式量表。 結果：整體而言，僅由雙親照顧的幼兒粗動作發展顯著最差，而正式托育的幼兒在精細動作、認知和身邊處理社會能力的發展狀況，皆又顯著高於僅由雙親照顧和其他非正式照顧的幼兒。但在控制樣本基本特性和家庭人口、社會經濟變項後，不同照顧安排類型的幼兒各類發展即無顯著差異。接著，利用Baron和Kenny (1986)檢驗中介作用的方法，發現照顧安排確實會透過家庭的情緒支持與認知刺激環境，影響兒童早期發展；尤其呈現於情緒支持環境，大都能顯著分別降低僅由雙親照顧和其他非正式照顧的幼兒在各面向的發展弱勢。惟此一照顧安排透過家庭育兒環境的中介作用微弱。 結論：雖然照顧安排會間接經由家庭育兒環境對兒童早期發展產生影響，但相對上較重要的是家庭對幼兒提供的情緒支持與認知刺激。政府應提供提升家庭育兒環境的方案政策，特別是針對社經弱勢的家庭。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Background and Objectives: Children growing up during a period of rapid demographic and social changes have drawn increasing policy attention. Care arrangement is one of the prior issues, particularly for its consequences on early child development. Recent research on the relationship of care arrangement and early child development has had a focus on the effects of formal child care; and meanwhile, relatively little has discussed the mechanism. This study aimed to: (1) describe the disparities in early child development by types of care arrangement; and (2) to examine the mediating role of family caregiving environment.
Methods: The analysis was based on longitudinal data of the Taiwan Birth Cohort Pilot Study (TBCS-P). TBCS-P comprised a nationally representative sample of 2,048 babies born in 2003, and 1,543 who completed three waves of surveys at 6, 18 and 36 months old were included. According to the primary caregiver(s) at 24 and 36 months, care arrangement was divided into four types: exclusive parental care (35.7%), shared care by at least one parent and relatives (24.0%), non-parental care (8.9%), and child care (31.4%). The main outcome measure was parent-reported developmental status at 36 months old, including fine motor, gross motor, language, cognition, and social skills. Family caregiving environment was measured by a 14-item scale, comprising two domains: emotional support and cognitive stimulation. Results: Overall, exclusive parental care was related to the poorest development in gross motor. On the other hand, children of child care group performed significantly better in fine motor, cognitive and socioemotional development than exclusive parental and noo-parental care groups. However, after controlling for child’s characteristics and family sociodemographics, no significant differences were observed in all five areas of early child development by types of care arrangement. A mediating effect of family caregiving environment between care arrangement and developmental outcomes was confirmed using Baron & Kenny’s (1986) strategy of defining mediation. More concretely, higher scores of emotional support in the family were shown to mitigate the developmental disadvantages associated with exclusive parental and non-parental care. Conclusions: A supporting and stimulating family environment is critical to early child development, regardless of types of care arrangement. Public policy should be geared to foster family capacity to ensure all children a healthy start, particularly for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T01:41:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-D93845002-1.pdf: 2146740 bytes, checksum: ca49c3aa8a474e93eba9356dd09442ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 前言 1
第一節 背景 1 第二節 研究目的 5 第三節 論文組織 5 第二章 文獻探討 6 第一節 兒童早期發展的概念 6 第二節 照顧安排與兒童早期發展 8 2.2.1 研究發展脈絡 9 2.2.2 照顧安排的概念與測量 11 2.2.3 照顧安排與兒童早期發展的實證研究 12 第三節 家庭育兒環境 16 2.3.1 家庭育兒環境的概念與結構 17 2.3.2 家庭育兒環境的測量 18 第四節 照顧安排、家庭育兒環境與兒童早期發展 23 2.4.1 家庭育兒環境與兒童早期發展的理論 23 2.4.2 照顧安排、家庭育兒環境與兒童早期發展的關係 27 第五節 兒童照顧安排的選擇 28 2.5.1 兒童照顧安排選擇：台灣社會的特色與變遷 30 2.5.2 兒童照顧安排選擇的解釋理論 31 2.5.3 兒童照顧安排選擇的實證研究 32 第六節 研究啟示 38 第三章 研究方法 41 第一節 研究目的、架構與假說 41 3.1.1 研究目的與架構 41 3.1.2 研究問題 41 第二節 資料來源與研究對象 42 3.2.1 台灣出生世代研究先驅調查 42 3.2.2 國民健康局出生通報檔 44 第三節 研究設計、變項與分析方法 45 3.3.1 子題一：兒童早期照顧安排的分布、變化及影響因素 45 3.3.2 子題二：家庭育兒環境量表之發展 50 3.3.3 子題三：照顧安排、家庭照顧環境與兒童早期發展 53 第四章 研究結果 59 第一節 兒童早期照顧安排的影響因素 59 4.1.1 兒童早期照顧安排的分布與變化 59 4.1.2 兒童早期照顧安排，依幼兒特性、家庭因素和環境脈絡 62 4.1.3 兒童早期照顧安排的相關因素：多項式logit迴歸分析結果 65 第二節 家庭育兒環境量表之發展 66 4.2.1 樣本基本特性 66 4.2.2 題目量化分析 66 4.2.3 效度分析 68 4.2.4 信度分析 69 第三節 照顧安排、家庭照顧環境與兒童早期發展 70 4.3.1 照顧安排類型與兒童早期各類發展的關係 70 4.3.2 照顧安排與兒童早期各類發展：家庭育兒環境之中介作用 75 第五章 討論 81 第一節 台灣兒童早期的照顧安排：啟示與應用 81 第二節 台灣兒童早期的家庭照顧環境：啟示與應用 82 第三節 研究問題的主要發現與討論 84 5.3.1 照顧安排與兒童早期發展 84 5.3.2 家庭照顧環境的中介作用 85 5.3.3 研究結果的總結討論 86 第四節 整體研究限制 87 第五節 政策意涵與未來研究方向 88 5.4.1 政策意涵 88 5.4.2 未來研究方向 89 第六章 結論與建議 91 參考文獻 92 圖 次 圖2.1 文獻探討之概念架構 107 圖2.2 兒童照顧安排的生態行為模式 108 圖2.3 生物生態模式之概念操作化圖示 109 圖3.1 分析概念架構：照顧安排、家庭育兒環境和兒童早期發展 110 圖3.2 子題一研究架構：兒童早期照顧安排的影響因素 111 圖3.3 各測量時點之照顧安排定義：流程圖 112 圖4.1.1 出生至36個月大之照顧安排分布情形 117 圖4.1.2 出生至36個月大期間，家庭照顧安排之持續累積率 118 表 次 表3.3.1.1 影響兒童早期照顧安排之家庭因素的操作定義與分類 113 表3.3.2.1 家庭育兒環境量表的構念模型、潛在變項與對應問項 114 表4.1.1 分析樣本基本特性及代表性之評估比較 115 表4.1.2 出生至36個月大的主要照顧者分布情形 116 表4.1.3 出生至36個月大之照顧安排分布情形 117 表4.1.4 出生至36個月大期間，家庭照顧安排之累積持續率分析 118 表4.1.5 依幼兒特性，比較各類照顧安排類型之分布情形 119 表4.1.6 依家庭人口特性，比較各類照顧安排類型之分布情形 120 表4.1.7 依家庭社會經濟特性，比較各類照顧安排類型之分布情形 121 表4.1.8 比較各類照顧安排類型之主要照顧者教養態度 123 表4.1.9 依主要照顧者自覺健康，比較各類照顧安排類型之分布情形 124 表4.1.10 依環境脈絡，比較各類照顧安排類型之分布情形 125 表4.1.11 兒童早期照顧安排類型之多項式logit迴歸分析 126 表4.2.1 建立家庭育兒環境量表之分析樣本基本特性 127 表4.2.2 家庭育兒環境量表之題目描述性分析結果：次數分配、平均值、標準差及遺漏值 128 表4.2.3 家庭育兒環境量表各題目間及各題目與子量尺之相關矩陣 129 表4.2.4 家庭育兒環境量表之驗證性因素分析的標準化因素負荷 130 表4.2.5 家庭育兒環境量表之known-group效度分析結果 131 表4.2.6 家庭育兒環境量表之同時效度分析結果 132 表4.2.7 家庭育兒環境量表之心理計量特性 133 表4.3.1 照顧安排類型與各類發展之雙變項分析（6個月） 134 表4.3.2 照顧安排類型與各類發展之雙變項分析（18個月） 135 表4.3.3 照顧安排類型與各類發展之雙變項分析（36個月） 136 表4.3.4 各類發展與幼兒基本特性之雙變項分析（36個月） 137 表4.3.5 各類發展與家庭人口特性之雙變項分析（36個月） 138 表4.3.6 各類發展與家庭社會經濟特性之雙變項分析（36個月） 139 表4.3.7 各類發展與主要照顧者健康和教養態度之雙變項分析（36個月） 140 表4.3.8 粗動作發展與照顧安排類型之階層複迴歸分析結果 141 表4.3.9 精細動作發展與照顧安排類型之階層複迴歸分析結果 142 表4.3.10 語言及溝通發展與照顧安排類性之階層複迴歸分析結果 143 表4.3.11 認知發展與照顧安排類型之階層複迴歸分析結果 144 表.4.3.12 身邊處理社會能力發展與照顧安排類型之階層複迴歸 145 表4.3.13 家庭照顧環境依照顧安排類型之變異數分析 146 表4.3.14 照顧安排預測家庭育兒環境的階層迴歸分析結果 147 表4.3.15 家庭育兒環境與各類發展之零階相關分析 148 表4.3.16 家庭育兒環境預測粗動作發展的階層迴歸分析 149 表4.3.17 家庭育兒環境預測精細動作發展的階層迴歸分析 150 表4.3.18 家庭育兒環境預測語言溝通發展的階層迴歸分析 151 表4.3.19 家庭育兒環境預測認知發展的階層迴歸分析 152 表4.3.20 家庭育兒環境預測身邊處理與社會能力發展的階層迴歸分析 153 表4.3.21 照顧安排類型（是否為僅由雙親照顧）與各類發展：家庭育兒環境之中介作用分析 154 表4.3.22 照顧安排類型（是否為其他非正式照顧）與各類發展：家庭育兒環境之中介作用分析 155 附 錄 附錄一 相關實證研究彙整表 156 附表1.1 兒童照顧安排之選擇的實證研究 156 附表1.2 家庭育兒環境與兒童早期發展 158 附表1.3 照顧安排與兒童早期發展 161 附錄二 發展量表題項分布 163 附表2.1 6個月時粗動作與精細動作發展之各測量題項表現的分布 163 附表2.2 6個月時語言與溝通發展之各測量題項表現的分布 164 附表2.3 6個月時身邊處理社會能力發展之各測量題項表現的分布 165 附表2.4 18個月時粗動作與精細動作發展之各測量題項表現的分布 166 附表2.5 18個月時語言與溝通發展之各測量題項表現的分布 167 附表2.6 18個月時身邊處理社會能力發展之各測量題項表現的分布 168 附表2.7 36個月時粗動作與精細動作發展之各測量題項表現的分布 169 附表2.8 36個月時語言與溝通發展之各測量題項表現的分布 170 附表2.9 36個月時認知發展之各測量題項表現的分布 171 附表2.10 36個月時身邊處理社會能力發展之各測量題項表現的分布 172 附錄三 發展量表題項分布各類發展量尺遺漏值之差補前後比較 173 附錄四 家庭育兒環境量表各題項的平均分數，依照顧安排類型 174 附錄五 家庭育兒環境與各類兒童早期發展關係之圖示 175 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 臺灣 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 兒童早期安排 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 家庭育兒環境 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 照顧安排 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 出生世代研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | family caregiving environment | en |
| dc.subject | Taiwan | en |
| dc.subject | birth cohort study | en |
| dc.subject | care arrangement | en |
| dc.subject | early child development | en |
| dc.title | 照顧安排、家庭育兒環境與兒童早期發展 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Care arrangement, family caregiving environment and early child development | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林秀娟,林惠生,徐畢卿,張玨,馮燕 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 兒童早期安排,家庭育兒環境,照顧安排,出生世代研究,臺灣, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | early child development,family caregiving environment,care arrangement,birth cohort study,Taiwan, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 176 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2009-07-14 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 衛生政策與管理研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 健康政策與管理研究所 | |
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