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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 呂東武 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-Ting Chien | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 簡佑庭 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T01:37:19Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2011-08-22 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2011-08-22 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2011 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2011-08-22 | |
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Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 12(2): 67-72. Larsson, L., G. Grimby, et al. (1979). 'Muscle strength and speed of movement in relation to age and muscle morphology.' Journal of Applied Physiology 46(3): 451. Lu, T. W. (1997). Geometric and mechanical modelling of the human locomotor system, University of Oxford. Lynch, J. and D. G. E. Robertson (2007). 'BIOMECHANICS OF PLANNED GAIT TERMINATION.' Journal of Biomechanics 40(Supplement 2): S500-S500. McCollum, G., F. Horak, et al. (1984). Parsimony in neural calculations for postural movements, New York: Springer-Verlag. Mackinnon, C. D. and D. A. Winter (1993). 'Control of whole body balance in the frontal plane during human walking.' Journal of Biomechanics 26(6): 633-644. Bishop, M. D., D. Brunt, et al. (2002). 'The interaction between leading and trailing limbs during stopping in humans.' Neuroscience letters 323(1): 1-4. Murray, M. P., R. C. Kory, et al. (1969). 'Walking patterns in healthy old men.' Journal of gerontology 24(2): 169. Nashner, L. M. and G. McCollum (1985). 'The organization of human postural movements: a formal basis and experimental synthesis.' Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8(01): 135-150. O'Loughlin, J. L., Y. Robitaille, et al. (1993). 'Incidence of and risk factors for falls and injurious falls among the community-dwelling elderly.' American journal of epidemiology 137(3): 342. Pai, Y.-C. and J. Patton (1997). 'Center of mass velocity-position predictions for balance control.' Journal of Biomechanics 30(4): 347-354. Patla, A. E. and S. E. Walt 'Biomechanical W hng Pattern Changes in the Fit and Healthy Elderly.' Runge, C., C. Shupert, et al. (1999). 'Ankle and hip postural strategies defined by joint torques.' Gait & Posture 10(2): 161-170. Reinsch, S., P. MacRae, et al. (1993). 'Why Do Healthy Older Adults Fall?' Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics 11(1): 1-15. Sattin, R. W. (1992). 'Falls among older persons: a public health perspective.' 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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/43108 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 老人跌倒是一個嚴重的醫療及社會問題，且是造成老人受傷甚至死亡重要的原因。文獻指出，有百分之五十的老人跌倒是發生在日常活動中，且在做動作的轉換(例如步態開始或結束、跨越障礙物等等)時更會增加跌倒的風險，因此，本研究目的在於探討老年人與年輕人在無預警步態終止時身體的平衡控制能力，利用配備有七台紅外線超高頻攝影機之動作分析系統及兩塊測力板，收取受試者運動學及力動學等資料，以了解老化造成控制能力下降的原因。
研究結果得知，老年人在無預警步態終止時需要的反應時間較長，無法在無預警步態終止時立即停止步態，且老年人的向前COM分量略大於年輕人，需要較多的反應時間將COM向後拉回以保持穩定。另一方面，老年人在踏上力板後前腳的向後煞車力較年輕人小，且在前後方向的COM-COP差值較年輕人大，此現象為了補償煞車力的不足，將COM的位置向後拉回維持在身體較後面的位置，以增加全身的平衡。關節角度及力矩變化方面，老年人的髖關節及膝關節的屈曲角度在不同步頻下均大於年輕人，因為老年人在無預警步態終止時增加髖關節及膝關節屈曲角度，採用降低COM垂直位置的策略以保持平衡，顯示老年人藉由改變關節角度來增加步態終止時的平衡穩定性。 隨著年齡增加，身體老化造成全身協調能力下降，是造成老年族群發生事故的重要因素，藉由分析步態終止時的老年人的平衡穩定情形，便能了解並提供預防老人在步態終止時跌倒的最佳策略。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Falling in the elderly is a serious medical and social problem and it is a vital reason that causes death in the elderly. From the literature review, 50% of falling happened in daily activities especially when gait transition such as gait initiation, termination, obstacle crossing and so on. In the present study, older and young healthy adults were recruited to investigate the control of gait stability due to aging with motion analysis techniques. Compared to the baseline data in the young group, the elderly had greater AP COM displacement and needed longer reaction time to achieve stable gait termination. On the other hand, the elderly had smaller AP braking force in the leading limb and greater COM-COP separation. This result could be the compensation for the reduced braking force which would lead to instability or falling during gait termination. The elderly also had greater hip and knee flexion angle in different cadences. This was because the elderly had lower COM vertical position to achieve gait termination. Therefore, they used different strategy to complete gait termination.
To understand the control of gait stability, the results of biomechanical analysis in every aspect could provide sufficient information of effective gait termination strategies in the elderly. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T01:37:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-100-R98548042-1.pdf: 836212 bytes, checksum: e4eb4195a8435a8040a1bf9d3209875e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員審定書...............................................................................................................I
誌謝 II 摘要 III ABSTRACT IV 第一章 緒論.....................................................................................................................1 第一節 老人跌倒問題 ......................................................................1 一、 老人發生跌倒的原因 2 二、 步態終止 3 第二節 年輕人在步態終止時採用的策略 4 一、 人體的平衡控制系統 4 二、 步態終止時COM 和COP的控制 5 三、 步態終止時前肢體(LEADING LIMBS)和後肢體 7 (TRAILING LIMBS)的平衡控制 7 四、 關節於步態終止時的平衡控制 8 五、 不同行走步頻對步態終止的影響 10 第三節 老年人在步態終止時採用的策略 11 一、 年齡對步態終止的影響 11 二、 老人在步態終止時的運動學及力動學表現 12 第四節 過去研究的限制 13 第五節 研究目的 13 第貳章 實驗材料與流程 14 第一節 受試者 14 第二節 實驗設備與儀器 14 第三節 實驗流程 15 一、 實驗室硬體系統校正 15 二、 受試者準備及校正 15 三、 受試者動態資料擷取 16 第四節 運動學分析流程 18 一、 剛體定義 18 二、 座標系統之決定 18 三、 剛體運動 19 第五節 力動學分析方法 22 第六節 全身COM模型 25 第七節 資料分析統計 26 一、 分析之特定點定義 26 第參章 結果 27 第一節 老年人與年輕人步態變數之分析結果 27 第二節 老年人與年輕人全身COM之分析結果 29 第三節 老年人與年輕人COP相對於COM變化之分析結果 39 第四節 老年人與年輕人GRF之分析結果 41 第五節 老年人與年輕人關節角度之分析結果 45 第六節 老年人與年輕人關節力矩之分析結果 55 第肆章 討論 63 第一節 年齡對步態終止時步態變數的影響 63 第二節 年齡對步態終止時COM的影響 64 第三節 年齡對步態終止時COP相對於COM變化的影響 65 第四節 年齡對步態終止時GRF的影響 66 第五節 年齡對步態終止時關節角度及力矩的影響 67 第伍章 結論 68 參考文獻 69 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 老化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 運動學 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 步態終止 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 質量中心 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 力動學 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | center of mass | en |
| dc.subject | gait termination | en |
| dc.subject | aging | en |
| dc.subject | kinetics | en |
| dc.subject | kinematics | en |
| dc.title | 老年人與年輕人於無預警步態終止時之生物力學分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Biomechanical Analysis of Unpredictable
Gait Termination in Elderly Adults and Young Adults | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 99-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳文斌,楊秉祥,徐瑋勵 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 步態終止,運動學,力動學,老化,質量中心, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | gait termination,kinematics,kinetics,aging,center of mass, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 71 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2011-08-22 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 醫學工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 醫學工程學研究所 | |
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