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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 張靜貞(Ching-Cheng Chang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mathias Mwayi Chipiliro Mailosi | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 麥路熙 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T01:35:32Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2011-07-27 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2009-07-27 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2009-07-17 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | REFERENCES
Ajao, O. A (2003) “Empirical analysis of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: 1961-2003” Banda, P. S (2008) “Malawi: Irrigation promises to increase food security” All Africa.com http://allafrica.com/stories/200809120899.html Caves, D.W, et al (1982) “Multilateral comparisons of output, input and productivity using superlative index numbers” Economic Journal, 92, 73-86 Caves, D.W., et al (1982) “The economic theory of index numbers and the measurement of input, output and productivity” Econometrica, 50, 1393-1414. Coelli, T.J., et al (2005) An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Second Edition, Springer Science and Business Media, USA. Coelli, T.J (1996) DEAP version 2.1 A Data Envelopment Analysis (Computer) Program; Center for Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia Chirwa, E.W (2003) “Sources of Technical Efficiency among smallholder maize farmers in Malawi”: Working paper. Chirwa, E.W and Mwafongo, W. M (1998) “Stochastic production functions and technical efficiency of farmers in southern Malawi”: A working paper. Chirwa, E.W (2000) “Privatization and technical efficiency: evidence from Malawi Manufacturing”: Working paper 70 Encyclopedia of the Nations (2009) www.nationsencyclopedia.com Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) statistics (2009) http://faostat.fao.org/ Glenn D, et al (2009) “Input Subsidies to Improve Smallholder Maize Productivity in Malawi: Toward an African Green Revolution” Plos Biology Journal 2009, January. Helder, Z, et al (2006) “Smallholders’ cost efficiency in Mozambique: Implications for Improved Maize seed adoption” Department of Applied Economics and Management Heston, A, et al (2006) Penn World Table version 6.2, Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and prices at the University of Pennsylvania http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt_index.php Kherallah, M. eta al (2009) “The road half traveled: Agricultural market reform in Sub-Saharan Africa” International food policy research institute IFPRI http://www.ifpri.org/pubs/ib/ib2.pdf Kimhi, A (2003) “Plot Size and Maize Productivity in Zambia: The Inverse Relationship re-Examined” Paper provided by Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Agricultural Economics and Management Limam, R.L, and Miller, S.M (2004) “Explaining Economic Growth: Factor Accumulation, Total Factor Productivity Growth and Production Efficiency Improvement”: University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and university of Connecticut. Luh, Y.H and Chang, C.C (2004) “Efficiency Change and Productivity Growth In East Asian Agriculture” Taiwanese Agricultural Review (TSSCI) Malawi Government (2005) Second Integrated Household Survey 71 Malawi Government (1971) Statement of Development Policies 1971-1980, Zomba: Government Printer Malawi Government (1987) Statement of Development Policies 1987-1996, Zomba: Government Printer Morris M, et al (2007) “Fertilizer use in African Agriculture: Lessons Learned and Good Practice Guidelines” World Bank Documents and Reports, 2007. Msuya, E, et al (2008): “Explaining Productivity Variation among Smallholder Maize Farmers in Tanzania” Mwangi, W. M. (1996) “Low use of fertilizers and low productivity in sub-Saharan Africa” Journal of Nutrient of Cycling in Agro ecosystems, volume 47, Number 2/ June, 1996 Unpublished Nkamleu, Guy Blaise (2003): “ Ogunyinka,E.O and Langemeier M.R (2004) “Examining cross-country Agricultural Productivity Differences”: A working paper Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Change in African Agriculture” African Development Review volume 16 issue 1, pp 202-222 Trueblood, M.A and Coggins, J (2003 ) “Intercountry Agricultural Efficiency and Productivity: A Malmquist Index aproach” The United Nations (2008) World Development Report 2008, The Wikipedia, The free encyclopedia (2009) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe 72 The World Bank (2007) IDA at work: Agriculture; Irrigation Efficiency gives a Boost to Tanzanian Farmers, World Resource Institute (2009) http://www.wri.org | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/43071 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Abstract
This study aims at identifying the sources of productivity growth for corn in eleven South African economies. The Malmquist productivity growth index and its two components are calculated and regressed on various variables including fertilizer use intensity, irrigation use intensity, agricultural labor intensity, and openness to international trade. The empirical evidence suggests that the economies in the region are largely inefficient and can raise output by at least 22.4 percent and at most 62.2 percent without altering the current level of inputs and type of technologies. The results further indicate that the major source of productivity growth is technical progress rather than efficiency change. The second stage regression results show that the source of TFP change over time is mainly due to investments in fertilizer use intensity and irrigation. | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T01:35:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-R96627032-1.pdf: 2527627 bytes, checksum: a38f627dd022ba5d91948537795753fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Contents
CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION OF THE STUDY ................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Objectives of the study .............................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Outline of the thesis .................................................................................................................. 4 CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................................ 6 BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Economies ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Production share in South African economies ................................................................................ 9 2.3 Importance of rain-fed agriculture .................................................................................................. 9 2.4 Country level yield comparison .................................................................................................... 10 2.5 Characteristics of corn farming in Malawi .................................................................................... 14 2.6 Corn shortage and stagnant yield in Malawi ................................................................................. 17 2.7 Soaring global corn price offers opportunities to farmers ............................................................ 21 CHAPTER 3 .............................................................................................................................................. 23 LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................................................... 23 3.1 Productivity measures in the world ............................................................................................... 23 3.2 Total factor productivity studies in Africa .................................................................................... 24 3.3 Previous productivity studies in selected South African economies ............................................. 25 3.4 Measuring sources of productivity change in Malawi .................................................................. 27 CHAPTER 4 .............................................................................................................................................. 29 DATA AND METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 29 4.1 Methodology ................................................................................................................................ 29 4.2 Data .............................................................................................................................................. 31 CHAPTER 5 .............................................................................................................................................. 40 EMPIRICAL RESULTS AND ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 40 5.1 Malmquist Productivity Indexes ................................................................................................... 40 5.2 Identifying high and low growth economies ................................................................................. 41 5.3 Regional corn production frontier ................................................................................................. 55 5.4 Second stage regression results ..................................................................................................... 57 v CHAPTER 6 .............................................................................................................................................. 66 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................................... 66 6.1 The study approach ....................................................................................................................... 66 6.2 The results .................................................................................................................................... 66 6.3 Policy implications for South African economies ........................................................................ 67 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................................... 69 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................................ 73 vi List of figures Figure 1.1 Population growth rate, 2000-2005 ...................................................................................... 1 Figure 1.2 Food production per capita indexes, 1999-2001 ................................................................... 1 Figure 1.3 Outline of the thesis .............................................................................................................. 5 Figure 2.1 Country level agricultural share (%) of GDP, 2000 ............................................................. 7 Figure 2.2 GDP per capita in constant US dollars, 2001-2005 .............................................................. 8 Figure 2.3 Share of total production of corn, average 1975-2005 ......................................................... 9 Figure 2.4 Mean area irrigated in 2001-2003…………………………………………………………..10 Figure 2.5 Corn mean yield, 1975-2005………………………………………………………………..11 Figure 2.6 Yield in four selected economies….………………………………………………………...12 Figure 2.7 Corn sufficiency ratios in southern Africa, 1975-2005……………………………………..13 Figure 2.8 Corn sufficiency ratios in Malawi and South Africa, 1975-2005…………………………...14 Figure 2.9 Distribution of land area among crops in Malawi, 2005……………………………………15 Figure 2.10 Area planted with maize in Malawi, 1975-2005…………………………………………..16 Figure 2.11 Tobacco area harvested in Malawi, 1975-2005……………………………………………16 Figure 2.12 Maize and Tobacco producer prices in Malawi, 1991-2006……………………………....17 Figure 2.13 Cereals-aid from all donors to Malawi, 1975-2005……………………………………….18 Figure 2.14 Malawi corn sufficiency situation, 2005…………………………………………………..19 Figure 2.15 Corn sufficiency trend in Malawi, 1975-2005…………………………………………….20 vii Figure 2.16 Corn imports and exports in Malawi, 1975-2005……………………………………..…...20 Figure 2.17 Maize yields in Malawi and South Africa, 1975-2005…………………………………….21 Figure 2.18 Malawi maize producer price, 1991-2005…………………………………………………22 Figure 4.1 Southern Africa average area harvested with corn………………………………………….36 Figure 4.2 Number of tractors available for corn, 1975-2005………………………………………….36 Figure 4.3 Urea fertilizer price in South Africa, 1976-2005……………………………………………39 Figure 5.1 Summary of Malmquist TFP index and the two components, 1975-2005………………….40 Figure 5.2 TFP growth rate, 1975-2005……………………………………………………………...…42 Figure 5.3 Country cumulative TFP change and its components, 1975-2005………………………….44 Figure 5.4 High TFP growth economies cumulative TFP, 1975-2005…………………………………50 Figure 5.5 Low growth economies cumulative TFP, 1975-2005………………………………………50 Figure 5.6 Changes in DEA frontier over time……..…………………………………………………..57 viii List of tables Table 1.1 Undernourishment status for the period 2002-2004 ................................................................ 2 Table 2.1GDP per capita in constant US dollars, 2001-2005 .................................................................. 8 Table 3.1 Sources of TFP growth in selected economies ...................................................................... 28 Table 4.1 Average corn production and growth rates, 1975-2005 ......................................................... 34 Table 4.2 Average are harvested with corn and growth rates, 1976-2005 ............................................. 35 Table 4.3 Average number of tractors available for corn farming, 1976-2005 ..................................... 37 Table 4.4 Average amount of seeds available for corn farming, 1976-2005...…………………………38 Table 5.1 Regional summary of Malmquist indexes growth rates, 1976-2005………………………...41 Table 5.2 TFP growth intensity…………………………………………………………………………43 Table 5.3 Sources of TFP growth …………………………………………………………………...…49 Table 5.4 Mean efficiency change and technical change, 1975-2005……………………………….…51 Table 5.5 Cumulative TFP growth rate, 1976-2005……………………………………………………52 Table 5.6 Identifying the effect of period on TFP change…………………………………………...…53 Table 5.7 Average cumulative TFP change, 1976-2005………………………………………………..58 Table 5.8 Agricultural labor intensity, 1975-2005……………………………………………………...59 Table 5.9 Openness, 1975-2005………………………………………………………………………...60 Table 5.10 Irrigation use intensity, 1975-2005…………………………………………………………61 Table 5.11 fertilizer use intensity, 1975-2005……………………………………………………….…61 ix Table 5.12 Regression results………………………………………………………………………..…62 x List of maps Map 2.1 South African economies ...................................................................................................... ….. | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | Technical change | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Efficiency change | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Yield | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Total Factor Productity | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Data Envelopment Analysis | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Malmquist TFP index | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Productivity growth for corn: A comparative analysis for selected South African economies | zh_TW |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 徐世勳(Shih-Hsun Hsu),陳柏琪(Po-Chi Chen) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | Total Factor Productity,Efficiency change,Technical change,Yield,Data Envelopment Analysis,Malmquist TFP index, | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.page | 80 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2009-07-17 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業經濟學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農業經濟學系 | |
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