牡蠣殼礫間處理初期操作對都市污水之淨化

Abstract

本研究以嘉義縣東石鄉水產養殖所產生的廢棄牡蠣殼作為礫間接觸基質材料，於台北縣二重疏洪道內處理民生污水。提供應用臺灣廢棄牡蠣殼作為礫間接觸處理材料之可行性及其水質淨化之果效。 水質淨化結果顯示，水頭控制牡蠣殼槽之平均單位面積BOD5、懸浮固體、氨態氮、硝酸態氮、氨態氮＋硝酸態氮、總磷、正磷之去除量可以達到13.80、51.75、7.20、0.96、4.53、0.53、0.33 g/day.m2。20℃BOD5一階分解係數為2.40 day-1，證明利用牡蠣殼礫間接觸對民生污水有淨化之效益。管路配水牡犡殼槽對於污水淨化具有較高負荷量。於槽體內部對水體再曝氣可增加並穩定槽體淨化之功效。 槽體操作實驗結果顯示，水頭控制槽體之水力停留係數比值為0.7~0.8時，槽體具有較高淨化果效。管路配水槽體之水力停留係數比值大於1.36時，槽體具有較高淨化果效。故可利用調整入流流量與控制水位達到槽體均勻流流況之最佳水力停留時間。

The purpose of this study is to utilize wasted oyster shells from Dong-shih, Chia-yi County as the contacted bed media to purify domestic wastewater on Er Chong drain flooded fields, Taipei County, and to provide the availability of using wasted oyster shells and water purification efficiency. In the results of the head control of overland flow with oyster shells systems, the average of mass removal of BOD5, SS, NH4+-N, NO3--N, NH4+-N+ NO3--N, TP, PO4-P were 13.80, 51.75, 7.20, 0.96, 4.53, 0.53, 0.33 g/day.m2. The BOD5 first-order reaction reducing rate constant in 20℃was 2.40 day-1. Consequently, using oyster shells showed the potential for wastewater purification by contacted bed. The gated distribution pipe of overland flow with oyster shells systems performed efficiently under much more wastewater hydraulic loading rate. Re-aerated treatment was able to increase and stabilize the pollution purification. Through operation processes, the head control of overland flow systems performed efficiency purification until the hydraulic retention time ratio between 0.7~0.8. The gated distribution of overland flow systems performed efficiency purification until the hydraulic retention time ratio higher than 1.36. The treatment systems should be managed the influent and water level to construct uniform flow under the optimal hydraulic retention time.