鄭愁予詩的「流浪」基調研究──從1951∼1968年

Abstract

鄭愁予是臺灣現代詩壇傳奇而閃耀的一顆星星，數十年來，鄭愁予詩一直是華文現代詩中令人神為之迷的精品，鄭愁予的抒情詩不止塑造出高度的藝術成就，更於海內外流傳廣遠，其語言的成熟、風靡的程度、影響的範圍，少有人能出其左右。其中，《鄭愁予詩集Ｉ》的浪漫飄逸、豐美神采，尤令廣大的華文讀者難以忘懷。本論文以鄭愁予赴美前的創作（1951∼1968）為研究範疇，盼能掌握鄭愁予早年詩的流浪情懷，從而深入瞭解詩人創作的情感及心靈本源。 本論文擬以「流浪」基調作為探討鄭愁予早年詩的主要脈絡。首先略述東、西方文學作品中自古有之的流浪傳統，使流浪精神的特質及重要性能夠顯明；再透過對詩中「流浪者」的形象掌握，觀察鄭愁予詩的流浪情懷，及其於文學史中的獨特意義。在深入闡發愁予詩「流浪」基調的精神內涵、觀察作品中「空間」與「時間」的流動表現後，尤可發現，在鄭愁予詩獨特的「死亡」和「宇宙」主題中，大量而反覆書寫的死亡想像、宇宙想像，即是流浪者心靈渴望突破生命界限、向「永恆」投射的終極故鄉。 鄭愁予早年詩的流浪基調，展現出的是一份浪漫執著、堅定無悔的「追尋」情懷；這份「越界」、「追尋」的強烈情懷，不僅使愁予詩的「浪子」成為現代詩中身影最鮮明的「流浪者」，亦將使《鄭愁予詩集Ｉ》繼續打動歷代讀者的心靈，成為現代詩壇永懸的一頁傳奇。

Zheng Chou-yu is a legendary figure in the field of modern poetry in Taiwan. His poetry has been regarded as canon for modern Chinese poetry. His lyrics are artistic. His language is delicate and refined. Among his works, Zheng Chou-yu’s Poetry I is the most romantic and inspiring one. My thesis mainly focuses on his works from 1951 to 1968 (before he went to America), trying to explore the poet’s emotions and thoughts in his diasporic experience.

The thesis explores the themes in Zheng Chou-yu’s poetry on the basis of “diasporic” elements. First of all, it states the diasporic traditions in Chinese and Western literature to manifest their importance. Next, it observes the diasporic spirit in the poet’s poetry and explore its importance in literature through the images of the wanderer in the poetry. By observing space and time in the poet’s works, the thesis concludes that the poet focuses on such themes as “death,” and “universe” and that he uses lots of imaginary visions of death and universe in order to manifest the wanderer’s yearning to break through the boundary of life and reach for eternity. Zheng Chou-yu’s early works reveal his obsession with romance and quest. The strong feelings for the boundary-crossing and quest not only make his wanderer the prototype in modern poetry but also turn his work Zheng Chou-yu’s Poetry I into a masterpiece.