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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 李慧梅(Whei-May Lee) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chien-Ping Huang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃建賓 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-14T17:16:10Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2010-07-30 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2008-07-30 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2008 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2008-07-25 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/41088 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 摘要
本研究目的為評估奈米碳管空氣負離子產生裝置在連續處理的狀況下對所選用的四種生物氣膠物種:E.coli、B.subtilis、C.famata、P.citrinum之控制效率，以了解空氣負離子對不同生物氣膠物種在控制效率上的差異性，並比較以沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖與傳統不鏽鋼針尖放電產生空氣負離子對生物氣膠的控制效率上有何異同，並於不同相對濕度的條件下進行實驗，以了解相對濕度對空氣負離子控制生物氣膠的影響。 研究結果發現，沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖可以在較低的放電電壓下即開始產生出高於室內濃度背景值的空氣負離子，但其所產生空氣負離子之濃度隨時間是呈現出不穩定且衰減的趨勢。增加不鏽鋼針尖產生空氣負離子之放電電壓，對其控制生物氣膠之效率會有明顯的提升;增加沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖產生空氣負離子之放電電壓，對其控制生物氣膠之效率提升性則較不顯著。以不鏽鋼針尖在放電電壓為2.8kV與沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖在放電電壓為1.8kV之下產生空氣負離子對本研究所選定的四種生物氣膠之控制效率由大到小為ηB.Subtilis ≒ηE.Coli > ηYeast ≒ηP.Citrinum.。使用不鏽鋼針尖產生空氣負離子控制生物氣膠時，相對濕度的影響非常重要，較小顆粒生物氣膠(E.Coli及B.Subtilis)而言，都是在RH=50%時有最佳的控制效率出現，而RH=30%時的控制效率比RH=70%時的控制效率好；對於較大顆粒的生物氣膠(Yeast及P.Citrinum)而言，空氣負離子對其控制效率皆是在RH=70%時有最佳控置效率，而使用沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖產生空氣負離子控制生物氣膠時，相對濕度的改變對其控制效率的影響不明顯。以不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓2.8kV產生空氣負離子控制生物氣膠，其控制效率隨時間的變化關係大致維持在一個穩定的狀態。以沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓1.8kV產生空氣負離子對生物氣膠之控制效率是隨時間而呈現出衰減的狀態。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The purpose of this study was to evaluate control efficiency on bioaerosols, including E.coli、B.subtilis、C.famata(Yeast)、P.citrinum, by using negative air ion (NAI) which was produced on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The effects of relative humidity were investigated in this study. Also, it compared the generation of NAI at a concentration of 7×105-1.2×106 ions cm-3 in experimental chamber (9.32×10-2 m3) by negative electric discharge with different discharge voltage on CNTs needle and conventional stainless steel needle.
The results showed that the higher concentration of NAI was produced under lower discharging voltage on CNTs needle, but unstable and the NAI concentration decreased with time compared with stainless steel needle. The control efficiency of bioaerosols increased with discharge voltage of stainless steel needle,but it is not significant on CNTs needle. In general, the order of control efficiency on bioaerosols by NAI is ηB.Subtilis ≒ ηE.Coli > ηYeast ≒ ηP.Citrinum. When NAI generated by stainless steel needle, the best control efficiency of E.coli and B.subtilis were found at RH=50%, and the control efficiency under RH=30% is better than that at RH=70%. The best control efficiency of C.famata(Yeast) and P.citrinum were obtained at RH=70%. However, when the NAI produced by carbon nanotubes needle to control bioaerosols, the effect of RH was not significant. The control efficiency of the bioaerosols on stainless steel needle was stable with time, but decreased for CNTs needle. | en |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
第一章 緒論........................................................1 1-1 研究緣起......................................................1 1-2 研究目的......................................................3 1-3 研究內容與方法................................................4 1-4 研究流程......................................................5 第二章 文獻回顧....................................................6 2-1 生物氣膠.......................................................6 2-1-1 生物氣膠的基本特性.......................................6 2-1-2 生物氣膠之來源與種類.....................................8 2-1-2-1 細菌氣膠...............................................8 2-1-2-2 真菌氣膠...............................................9 2-2 室內生物氣膠濃度之影響因子....................................10 2-3 生物氣膠對人體的危害..........................................12 2-4 生物氣膠之採樣方法............................................18 2-4-1 培養法..................................................18 2-4-2 非培養法................................................19 2-5 各國室內生物性氣膠濃度規範與建議值............................21 2-6 室內生物氣膠控制技術..........................................23 2-6-1 紫外光控制技術..........................................24 2-6-2 光觸媒控制技術..........................................24 2-6-3 臭氧控制技術............................................25 2-6-4 抗菌濾材控制技術........................................26 2-6-5 靜電收集技術............................................27 2-6-6 空氣負離子控制技術......................................28 2-6-6-1 空氣負離子產生方式..............................29 2-6-6-2 空氣負離子基本特性..............................29 2-6-6-3 空氣負離子對室內懸浮微粒的控制效能..............33 2-6-6-4 空氣負離子對室內揮發性有機物質的控制效能........35 2-6-6-5 空氣負離子對室內生物氣膠的控制效能..............35 2-7 奈米碳管之相關文獻............................................38 2-7-1 奈米碳管之制備方式......................................38 2-7-2 奈米碳管之結構..........................................42 2-7-2 奈米碳管之場發射特性....................................44 2-7-3 奈米碳管之應用..........................................46 第三章 實驗原理與實驗設備.........................................48 3-1 實驗系統......................................................48 3-1-1 實驗設備................................................52 3-1-2 生物氣膠培養單元........................................55 3-1-2-1 大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli) ......................55 3-1-2-2 酵母菌(Candida famata var. flareri；Yeast) ......56 3-1-2-3 青黴菌(Penicillium citrinum )....................57 3-1-2-4 枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis) .....................57 3-1-3 生物氣膠產生單元........................................58 3-1-4 生物氣膠採樣單元........................................58 3-2 菌液稀釋度測試................................................60 3-3 生物氣膠於空氣負離子反應器之控制效率之研究方法................61 3-4 實驗計算方法與指標參數........................................62 第四章 結果與討論.................................................65 4-1 前置實驗......................................................65 4-1-1 生物氣膠濃度背景值......................................65 4-1-2 生物氣膠穩定係數........................................68 4-1-3 空氣負離子濃度與放電電壓之關係..........................69 4-1-4 沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖產生空氣負離子濃度穩定性測試....71 4-2 實驗結果分析..................................................76 4-2-1 不鏽鋼針尖與沾附奈米碳管之不鏽鋼針尖於不同電壓下放電產生空氣負離子對生物氣膠的控制效率............................76 4-2-1-1 空氣負離子對E.coli氣膠的控制效率...............77 4-2-1-2 空氣負離子對B.subtilis氣膠的控制效率...........79 4-2-1-3 空氣負離子對Yeast氣膠的控制效率................81 4-2-1-4 空氣負離子對P.citrinum氣膠的控制效率...........83 4-2-1-5 小結............................................85 4-2-2 空氣負離子對不同種類之生物氣膠之控制效率................86 4-2-3 不同相對濕度下空氣負離子對生物氣膠的控制效率............89 4-2-3-1 相對濕度對E.coli氣膠控制效率之影響.............89 4-2-3-2 相對濕度對B.subtilis氣膠控制效率之影響.........91 4-2-3-3 相對濕度對Yeast氣膠控制效率之影響..............92 4-2-3-4 相對濕度對P.citrinum氣膠控制效率之影響.........94 4-2-3-5 小結............................................95 4-2-4 空氣負離子對生物氣膠的控制效率與時間的關係.............100 4-3 奈米碳管空氣負離子產生裝置控制生物氣膠之整體效能評估.........106 第五章 結論與建議................................................108 5-1 結論.........................................................108 5-2 建議.........................................................111 圖目錄 圖 1.1 研究流程圖...................................................5 圖 2.1 不同粒徑之氣膠於肺泡區沉積的情形.............................7 圖 2.2 空氣負離子濃度分佈隨距離與相對濕度之關係....................31 圖 2.3 電暈放電產生空氣負離子之演化行為............................32 圖 2.4 多壁奈米碳管電子顯微圖......................................38 圖 2.5 電弧放電法裝置示意圖........................................39 圖 2.6 雷射蒸發法示意圖............................................40 圖 2.7 化學氣相沉積法(CVD)裝置示意圖...............................41 圖 2.8 三種奈米碳管之結構與掌性向量示意圖..........................43 圖 3.1 實驗系統圖..................................................50 圖 3.2 實驗流程圖..................................................51 圖 3.3 奈米碳管SEM圖..............................................54 圖 3.4 SKC Biosampler..............................................59 圖 3.5 SKC Biosampler...............................................59 圖 4.1 各生物氣膠物種在不同相對濕度下的霧化係數....................66 圖 4.2 各氣膠物種於反應器內之穩定係數隨時間的關係圖................68 圖 4.3 實驗室中空氣負離子背景濃度與時間的關係......................70 圖 4.4 奈米碳管尖端與不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓與空氣負離子產生量比較......70 圖 4.5 不鏽鋼針尖以2.4 kV之電壓產生空氣負離子濃度與時間之關係圖,RH=50% .........................................................71 圖 4.6 奈米碳管尖端於不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子濃度與時間的關係圖,RH=50%..........................................................75 圖 4.7 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對E.coli氣膠之控制效率,RH=50%.......................................78 圖 4.8 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對B.subtilis氣膠控制效率, RH=50%.....................................80 圖 4.9 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對Yeast氣膠之控制效率,RH=50%..............................................82 圖 4.10 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對P.citrinm氣膠之控制效率,RH =50%....................................84 圖 4.11 空氣負離子對不同生物氣膠物種之控制效率比較,RH=50%..........87 圖 4.12 E.coli氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率.......................90 圖 4.13 B.subtilis氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率...................92 圖 4.14 Yeast氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率........................93 圖 4.15 P.citrinum氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率...................95 圖 4.16 不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓2.8kV產生空氣負離子濃度與時間之關係圖,RH=30%,距離40cm................................................96 圖 4.17 不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓2.8kV產生空氣負離子濃度與時間之關圖,RH=50%,距離40cm..........................................................96 圖 4.18 不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓2.8kV產生空氣負離子濃度與時間之關係圖,RH=70%,距離40cm................................................97 圖 4.19 E.coli氣膠之控制效率隨時間之關係圖,RH=50%.................101 圖 4.20 B.subtilis氣膠之控制效率隨時間之關係圖,RH=50%.............101 圖 4.21 Yeast氣膠之控制效率隨時間之關係圖,RH=50%..................102 圖 4.22 P.citrinum氣膠之控制效率隨時間之關係圖,RH=50%.............102 表目錄 表 2.1 生物氣膠粒徑分佈.............................................7 表 2.2 由真菌所引起的各種職業性肺部疾病............................16 表 2.3 室內環境中常見真菌與其所產生之黴菌毒素......................17 表 2.4 環保署室內空氣品質建議值....................................22 表 2.5 奈米碳管各項材料特性........................................47 表 3.1 本研究所使用之奈米碳管各項規格..............................54 表 3.2 生物氣膠粒徑分佈及基本特性..................................55 表 3.3 實驗條件....................................................61 表 4.1 在不同相對濕度下各生物氣膠物種的Cnebulizer與Cbackground ............67 表 4.2 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對E.coli氣膠之控制效率,RH=50%.......................................78 表 4.3 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對B.subtilis氣膠之控制效率,RH=50%...................................80 表 4.4 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對Yeast氣膠之控制效率,RH=50%..............................................82 表 4.5 不鏽鋼針尖與奈米碳管尖端在不同放電電壓下產生空氣負離子對P.citrinm氣膠之控制效率, RH=50%....................................84 表 4.6 空氣負離子對不同生物氣膠物種之控制效率比較,RH=50% ..........87 表 4.7 E.coli氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率........................90 表 4.8 B.subtilis氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率....................91 表 4.9 Yeast氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率.........................93 表 4.10 P.citrinum氣膠在不同相對濕度下之控制效率...................94 表 4.11 不鏽鋼針尖放電電壓2.8kV產生空氣負離子對生物氣膠控制效率(ηNAI)隨時間之關係，RH=50% ..............................................103 表 4.12 奈米碳管尖端放電電壓1.8kV產生空氣負離子對生物氣膠控制效率(ηNAI)隨時間之關係，RH=50%............................................104 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 奈米碳管空氣負離子產生裝置控制生物氣膠之研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Removal of Bioaerosols by Air Ionizer of Carbon Nanotubes | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 96-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 曾昭衡(Chao-Heng Tseng),吳致呈(Chih-Cheng Wu) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 生物氣膠,空氣負離子,奈米碳管,相對濕度, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Bioaerosol,Negative air ion(NAI),Carbon nanotubes(CNTs),Relative humidity, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 118 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2008-07-28 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 環境工程學研究所 | |
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