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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 曾萬年(Wann-Nian Tzeng) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ya-Ting Chang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 張雅婷 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-14T16:54:24Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2010-08-05 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2008-08-05 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2008 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2008-07-29 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 張凱傑 (2005) 台灣北部地區日本鰻鰻線族群遺傳結構之月別變化. 國立台灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/40644 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 日本鰻 (Anguilla japonica) 為降海洄游型魚類，一生中都在淡水與海水之間洄游，銀化後即離開淡水環境，洄游到深海產卵。成魚廣泛分布於台灣、中國大陸、韓國及日本等地的淡水溪流、湖泊及河口區。近年來，根據耳石微化學的研究發現，有70% 的鰻魚並不溯河而棲息在河口域 (Estuarine contingent) ，真正溯河的個體 (Freshwater contingent) 只佔了15% 左右；有些甚至停留在海水環境中直到銀鰻階段為止 (Seawater contingent)，結果顯示日本鰻的生活史並不如想像中單純。因此本研究依據成長期黃鰻的棲地選擇型態，將鰻魚分為海水鰻 (Sea eel) 、淡水鰻 (Freshwater eel) 與半淡鹹水鰻 (Brackish eel)，本研究擬結合耳石鍶鈣比分析與微衛星 DNA 分析，探討日本鰻的棲地選擇是否會造成族群分化。
由於粗厚鰻居線蟲 (Anguillicola crassus) 寄生於鰻魚泳鰾內，嚴重時會使泳鰾腫大、壓迫內臟造成腹部紅腫，甚至泳鰾破裂，影響游泳能力。粗厚鰻居線蟲生活史中有一小段幼蟲時期游離於水體中，且有文獻顯示此時期的幼蟲在淡水環境中能存活的時間遠久於海水環境中，其個體較偏好生活於淡水環境。因此本研究亦結合耳石鍶鈣比分析以及粗厚鰻居線蟲的感染參數，分析不同棲地的鰻魚對粗厚鰻居線蟲的感染模式。 結果顯示，日本鰻在淡水型、海水型和半淡鹹水型這三型之間族群分化程度不高，整體而言並無顯著差異。此外，粗厚鰻居線蟲的感染參數顯示，三型鰻魚皆有感染粗厚鰻居線蟲，且其盛行率相近；而豐富度與平均感染強度則有隨鹽度增高而下降之趨勢。根據本研究結果推論，日本鰻的棲地選擇行為不會造成族群分化；且其多樣化的棲地有助於分散粗厚鰻居線蟲對鰻魚的感染威脅。 | zh_TW |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii 一、 前言 1 1.1 日本鰻型態特徵及生態 1 1.2 日本鰻棲地利用 2 1.3 耳石 (Otolith) 在魚類生活史上的研究應用 2 1.3.1 耳石微細結構與形成機制 2 1.3.2 耳石研究的生態應用 4 1.4 日本鰻的族群結構 4 1.5 微衛星 DNA (Microsatellite DNA) 特性及研究應用 6 1.6 微衛星 DNA (Microsatellite DNA) 族群遺傳研究優點 6 1.7 微衛星 DNA (Microsatellite DNA) 在魚類族群生態上的應用 8 1.8 粗厚鰻居線蟲 (Anguillicola crassus) 之概述 9 1.9 研究動機 10 二、 材料與方法 11 2.1 樣本取得及處理 11 2.2 耳石微化學分析 11 2.2.1 耳石處理方式 11 2.2.2族群遺傳結構分析之分群依據 12 2.2.3粗厚鰻居線蟲感染分析之分群依據 13 2.3粗厚鰻居線蟲感染分析 14 2.3.1 泳鰾內粗厚鰻居線蟲檢查 14 2.3.2 粗厚鰻居線蟲感染數據分析 14 2.4 微衛星 DNA 基因座上基因型分析 14 2.4.1 DNA萃取 14 2.4.2 引子 (Primer) 設計 15 2.4.3 聚合酶連鎖反應 15 2.4.4 基因型定型 (Genotyping) 16 2.5 資料分析 16 2.5.1遺傳變異 (Genetic variation) 的分析 16 2.5.2哈溫平衡定律 (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) 檢定 17 2.5.3族群分化指數 (Fst ) 的估算 18 2.5.4遺傳距離 (Genetic distance) 18 三、 結果 19 3.1 日本鰻基本資料分析 19 3.2粗厚鰻居線蟲感染分析 19 3.2.1日本鰻棲地利用類型百分比分群與粗厚鰻居線蟲的感染參數 之關係 20 3.2.2日本鰻棲地利用類型平均值分群與粗厚鰻居線蟲參數之關係 20 3.3 族群遺傳結構分析 21 3.3.1 日本鰻的等位基因 21 3.3.2 哈溫定律與遺傳變異 22 四、 討論 23 4.1不同月份對粗厚鰻居線蟲感染之影響 23 4.2日本鰻棲地利用與粗厚鰻居線蟲感染之探討 23 4.3日本鰻的族群遺傳的特性 24 4.4 偏離哈溫平衡定律之原因的探討 25 4.5 日本鰻族群間的分化現象 26 五、 結論 27 六、 參考文獻 28 七、 表 40 八、 圖 49 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 棲地 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 日本鰻 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 粗厚鰻居線蟲 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | habitat | en |
| dc.subject | Anguillicola crassus | en |
| dc.subject | Anguilla japonica | en |
| dc.title | 日本鰻的棲地利用與族群遺傳結構及粗厚鰻居線蟲感染之探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The population genetic structure and the Anguillicola crassus infection of the Japanse eel with different habitat usage. | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 96-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 韓玉山(Yu-San Han) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 丁照棣,蕭仁傑 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 日本鰻,粗厚鰻居線蟲,棲地, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Anguilla japonica,Anguillicola crassus,habitat, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 59 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2008-07-30 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 漁業科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 漁業科學研究所 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-97-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 1.02 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。