RFID應用於國內外醫療產業之比較分析

Abstract

2003 年SARS 疫情的爆發之後，為了病患安全，疾管局便計畫以RFID 系統來進行病患與人員的追蹤管制，希望藉此降低院內感染問題。部分醫院參與疾管局之計畫，並由政府補助經費建置RFID 系統，同時政府更期望將RFID 擴散應用到其他層面，建立一個醫療產業的RFID 共通平台。然而，時至今日，國內醫療產業對於RFID 之應用卻不見成長，除了少數醫療院所仍然使用並將RFID 測試應用於其他情境之下，國內醫療產業對於使用RFID 還是抱持著觀望的態度，部分醫院甚至不願意使用RFID 系統。反觀國外之情形，由IDTechEx 每年所發行的『RFID for Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals』當中可看出，國外醫療產業應用RFID 的案例是逐年成長的。因此，本研究，參考林東清與孫思源（1999）所提出的影響資訊科技採用之構面與因素，以科技擴散的觀點，從使用者構面、組織構面、技術構面、環境構面以及任務構面，分析比較國內外醫療產業使用RFID 之差異。 本研究同時對國內三間醫療院所進行個案訪談，並分別從五個構面來分析影響RFID 於國內醫療產業擴散應用的因素。在透過文獻比較分析以及國內個案訪談之後，本研究發現，使用者的參與、政府與相關團體的介入、產業RFID 標準的建立、系統相容性、技術帶來的相對優勢、作業流程的確實改變、以及組織內部的需求，對於國內醫療院所採用RFID 有正向的影響；而使用者權益、醫療產業環境的複雜度、RFID 標籤頻率限制之問題、對國外技術的依賴、以及RFID 成本過高之因素，是目前阻礙國內醫療產業RFID 擴散應用的因素。

Since 2003, an epidemic of SARS eruption, CDC (Centers for Disease Control, R.O.C.) planned to use the RFID system to trace the patients, nurses, and nyone who possible to infect SARS and had contact the patient in hospital. CDC hoped to use RFID system to reduce the problem of hospital interior infection. Some of the hospitals in Taiwan participated in the plan, and further, the MOEA (Ministry of Economic Affairs, R.O.C.) wanted to diffuse the uses of RFID and build a “RFDI Healthcare Vehicle Platform”. However, at this point, the uses of RFID in the domestic medical industry actually is not growth, only few of hospitals’ RFID system has still operate or applied in other area. The domestic medical industry is still trimming, some hospitals are never so much as use the RFID system. Overseas, the use of RFID in foreign medical industry is increase annually, it can be observed in “RFID for Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals”, the report that IDTechEx redact yearly. For this reason, this article borrowed the technical diffusion theory, refer to the dimensions and elements that Lin Tung-Ching and Suen Sz-Yuan neatened in 1999, to analysis the difference in RFID use between domestic and foreign medical industry from five dimensions, user, structure, technology, nvironment, and task. Additionally, in this article, has interviewed three hospitals that had used RFID system. This article also analysis the elements that affect the use and diffusion of RFID in domestic medical industry from 5 dimensions. At the result, the article detects that user's participation, the government and the correlation association's intervention, the industrial RFID standard establishment, the system compatibility, the technology’s comparative advantage, the work flow truly change, and the organization interior demand, have the positive influence on the uses of RFID in the domestic medical industry. Corresponsively, the user’s rights and interests, medical industry environment’s complex, the restrictions of RFID tag’s frequency, the dependence on overseas’ technology, and the cost of RFID, are the impediments to diffuse the uses of RFID.