以陽明山國家公園現有資料分析生物多樣性保育策略之研究

Abstract

本研究主要係應用統計學的理論、方法，分析陽明山國家公園1991—2003年生物多樣性的遊憩影響因素，同時驗證陽明山國家公園管理處成立迄今二十個年間的保育成效，進而建立模型與檢驗，綜合分析研究，擬定相應的保育策略與執行方針。 研究方法除了進行文獻回顧外，收集所有可資運用的調查資料與數據，經討論、篩選及歸納運算，最後選定遊憩影響因素之遊客人次與違法案件數，作為對生物多樣性影響的研究材料與項目，利用統計學的相關分析法、偏相關分析法、灰色模型理論及層級分析等方法，輸入軟體SPSS10.0求得相關係數分析表，綜以研究確定遊憩因素為影響陽明山國家公園生物多樣性的主要原因 研究結果顯示：有顯著的影響，影響的相關係數R分別爲0.820和-0.647，具有統計學意義。但以目前國家公園的保育策略，確已為生物多樣性建立周詳的保護網，惟日後價值觀的改變與遊憩行為風盛，勢將嚴重衝擊國家公園區內的生物多樣性，因此提供更積極的作為，方能遏止生物多樣性的流失與有效的保育自然資源。 研究結論：以現行國際之生物多樣性執行政策，固然能有效的保護生物多樣性，但一直隱含其內的人文、經濟與社會倫理等等各面向問題，往往超越了技術性的保育政策，如何提昇生活品質、資源的有效回收與再利用及環境倫理教育的灌輸，確是必須重視的課題。 研究建議：有效的運用統計學的理論、方法，為環境表達正確信息，提供管理者發揮專業憑斷，驗證與修訂策略執行方針，是一個值得再研究開發的方式，是以建立永久樣區、生態資源普查技術的研發與建制，以完整的資料庫提供正確信息，是基本而不可輕忽的課題。 陽明山國家公園在政府強勢的作為下，尚能確保生物多樣性的持續與發展，惟針對遊憩帶動的人潮與違法案件等危害因子，研擬原因之初判與層級分析，據以提出相應的保育策略。作為本研究提供經營管理單位參考。 關鍵字 生物多樣性，遊憩影響，相關分析，變化模型，陽明山

Abstract The study is to analyze factors of tourism impacts to the Yangmingshan National Park from 1991 to 2003 by establishing appropriate statistical models. Moreover, it also examined the conservation achievements during the past 20 years, and then proposed suitable conservation strategies and executive guides. Besides literature review, the study gathered data and chose tourist amounts and illegal cases as representative factors that influence biodiversity stability. Applying partial correlation analysis, gray model, and hierarchical analytical process (HAP) with our data, the factors which make the biodiversity change are confirmed and analyzed. The results show that the correlation coefficient R of tourist amounts and illegal cases to the biodiversity changes are respectively 0.820 and -0.647, both are statistically significant. Examining the current conservation strategies, the protect web to the biodiversity is created firmly. However, the changes of public value and tourism patterns will seriously impact to the biodiversity in our research field. Therefore, more active proposals are need to prevent the potential degradation of biodiversity resources. The results show that the correlation coefficient R of tourist amounts and illegal cases to the biodiversity changes are respectively 0.820 and -0.647, both are statistically significant. Examining the current conservation strategies, the protect web to the biodiversity is created firmly. However, the changes of public value and tourism patterns will seriously impact to the biodiversity in our research field. Therefore, more active proposals are need to prevent the potential degradation of biodiversity resources. It concludes a fact that though the current conservation measures can protect the biodiversity, the cultural, economic and social problems are beyond the technical level of conservation policy. How to uplift the living quality as well as to create a concord environment among men and nature is definitely a serious task. In order to sustain the biodiversity, the study suggests using statistical methods to reveal correct circumstances of the environment and to provide managers professional info to make executive guides. Besides, establishing long-term simple fields and detailed survey to support a complete and correct database is also a basic work that can not be neglected. Under government＊s strong management, the Yangmingshan National Park can still sustain and develop its biodiversity. However, measures of tourist management like how to control quantities and reduce illegal cases as well as proper conservation strategies should be proposed to the management bureau for reference. Keywords: Biodiversity, tourism impacts, Correlation analysis, changing model, Yangmingshan.