童偉格小說研究──敘事學進路

Abstract

論文藉助敘事學理論──主要但不限於：聚焦、人物、情節──重新探勘童偉格小說作品，區分短篇與長篇小說進行敘事分析，綜整作品共同的多項敘事特徵，深入釐清並體察特定敘事文本「如何」藉由形式面之布局，協助形塑文本內涵預期可能產生的意義。 短篇小說的敘事特徵有：靈活聚焦揭露訊息、單面向的時空與人、折衷的反情節傾向、魔幻寫實主義色彩；長篇小說的敘事特徵有：零聚焦的全知調度、人稱的維繫與滑脫、局束蒼白人物群像、反情節與斷裂敘事、時間的折曲與抽離、沉默無傷反諷修辭、魔幻寫實主義風格。 敘事分析的結果，認採聚焦對訊息調節、意義嶄露的實質效果，靈活的「聚焦轉換」，常伴有「中介軸」承轉機制。人物、情節、時間、空間、修辭等其他面向，文本中彼此多有疊合之處，共同指涉作品整體特定的美學訴求，從而具備某種邏輯一致性。童偉格小說獨有的淡默、沉抑特質，主要源自敘事，而非文字。不可言說之物，投影自敘事間隙的有機連帶，像似意義面臨網羅，終爾呈顯或逼近，生命與存在的困惑。

The master thesis re-examines the fiction of Taiwanese novelist Tong Wei-ge by the framework of narrative theory, mainly but not exclusively focusing on focalization, character, and plot. Narrative analysis targets short fiction and fiction in different chapters, considers specific common narrative features of the works, and further explores how narrative text renders its potentially expected or manipulated meanings by structural sets. There are four common narrative features in Tong Wei-ge’s short fiction: flexible focalization help divulge messages of the text; one-dimensional time, space, and characters; the moderate anti-plot tendency; and “magic realism” elements. There are seven common narrative features in Tong Wei-ge’s fiction: maneuvers of “zero focalization”; the attach/detach of the linkage between personal pronouns and characters; insubstantial and pallor characters; anti-plot and the intermittent narrative; the flex and fading of time; silent and unharmed ironic rhetoric; and the “magic realism” style. The conclusion of narrative analysis endorses the critical status of focalization from the aspect of divulging messages of the text. Adaptable “focalization shifts” are usually accompanied by a “mediate axis.” Characters, plots, time, space, and rhetorical facets of Tong Wei-ge’s fiction have their overlapping indication to the whole aesthetic appeal within the works. The distinctively silent and suppressed attributes of the works come from principally but not terminologically narrative structures. These help writers and readers encounter bewilderment of life and being.