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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 王大銘(Da-Ming Wang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Jing Chou | en |
dc.contributor.author | 周靜 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T16:26:18Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2010-07-26 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2005-07-26 | |
dc.date.issued | 2005 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2005-07-15 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
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Fernandez-Pineda, Air gap membrane distillation of sucrose aqueous solutions, Journal of Membrane Science, 15, 291 (1999). 22. M.C. Garcia-Payo, M.A. Izquierdo-Gil, C. Fernandez-Pineda, Air gap membrane distillation of aqueous alcohol solutions, Journal of Membrane Science, 169, 61 (2000). 23. F.A. Banat, J. Simandl, Membrane distillation for dilute ethanol separation from aqueous streams, Journal of Membrane Science, 163, 333 (1999). 24. L. Basini, G. D’Angelo, M. gobbi, A desalination process through sweeping gas membrane distillation, Desalination 64, 245 (1987). 25. E. Korngold, E. Korin, Air sweep water pervaporation with hollow-fiber membranes, Desalination 91, 187 (1993). 26. C. Luxhoj, G. Jonsson, Use of sweeping gas membrane distillation for the removal of ethanol from fermentation broths, in : Proceedings of the conference of Euromembrane’95, Bath, Great Britain, (1995). 27. C.H. Lee, W.H. Hong, Effect of operating variables on the flux and selectivity in sweep gas membrane distillation for dilute aqueous isopropanol, Journal of Membrane Science, 188, 79(2001). 28. M.C. Garcia-Payo, C.A. Rivier, I.W. Marison, U. von Stockar, Separation of binary mixtures by thermostatic sweeping gas membrane distillation, Journal of Membrane Science, 198, 197 (2002). 29. M. Khayet, P. Godino, J.I. Mengual, Theory and experiments on sweeping gas membrane distillation, Journal of Membrane Science, 165, 261 (2000). 30. C. Cabassud, D. Wirth, Membrane distillation for water desalination: How to choose an appropriate membrane?, Desalination 157, 307 (2003). 31. F. Banat, F.A. Al-Rub, K. Bani-Melhem, Desalination by vacuum membrane distillation: sensitivity analysis, Separation and Purification Technology 33, 75 (2003). 32. J. Koschikowski, M. Wieghaus, M. Rommel, Solar thermal-driven desalination plants based on membrane distillation, Desalination 156, 295 (2003). 33. R. Bagger-Jorgensen, A.S. Meyer, C. Varming, G. Jonsson, Recovery of volatile aroma compounds from black currant juice by vacuum membrane distillation, Journal of Food Engineering 64, 23 (2004). 34. S. Bandini, G.C. Sarti, Concentration of must through vacuum membrane distillation, Desalination 149, 253 (2002). 35. A. Cassano, B. Jiao, E. Drioli, Production fo concentrated kiwifruit juice by integrated membrane process, Food Research International 37, 139 (2004). 36. F.A. Banat, J. Simandl, Removal of benzene traces from contaminated water by vacuum membrane distillation, Chemical Engineering Science 51, No.8, 1257. 37. M.A. Izquierdo-Gil, G. Jonsson, Factors affecting flux and ethanol separation performance in vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). Journal of Membrane Science, 214, 113 (2003). 38. A.M. Urtiaga, E.D. Gorri, G. Ruiz, I. Ortiz, Parallelism and differences of pervaporation and vacuum membrane distillation in the removal of VOCs from aqueous streams, Separation and Purification Technology 22-23, 327 (2001). 39. N. Couffin, C. Cabassud, V. Lahoussine-Turcaud, A new process to remove halogenated VOCs for drinking water production: vacuum membrane distillation, Desalination 117, 233 (1998). 40. Y. Wu, Y. Kong, X. Lin, W. Liu, J. Xu, Surface-modified hydrophilic membrane s in membrane distillation, Journal of Membrane Science, 72, 189 (1992). 41. Y. Kong, X. Lin, Y. Wu, J. Chen, J. Xu, Plasma polymerization of octafluorocyclobutane and hydrophobic microporous composite membranes for membrane distillation, Journal of Application Polymer Science, 46, 191 (1992). 42. J. Mansouri, A.G. Fane, Osmotic distillation of oily feeds, Journal of Membrane Science, 153, 103 (1999). 43. J.Y. Lai, S.J. Huang, S.H. Chen, Poly(Methyl Methacrylate)/(DMF/Metal Salt) complex membrane for gas separation, Journal of Membrane Science, 74, 71 (1992). 44. D.R. Lloyd, K.E. Kinzer, H.S. Tseng, Microporous Membrane formation via thermally induced phase separation. I, Solid-Liquid phase separation, Journal of Membrane Science, 52, 239 (1990). 45. E.L. Cussler, Diffusion: Mass transfer in fluid systems II, Cambridge University Press (1997). 46. R.H. Perry, C.H. Chilton, Chemical engineers’ handbook 5th edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company (1973). 47. R.W. Lawson, Membrane distillation, Doctor of Philosophy Thesis, The University of New South Wales (1989). 48. J. Gmehling, U. Onkan, J.R. Rarey-Nies, Chemistry Data Series, Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data collection, Vol. 1, part 1b, Dechema, Frankfurt (1988). 49. M.E. Guendouzi, A. dinane, A. Mounir, Water activities, osmotic and activity coefficients in aqueous chloride solution at T = 298.15K by the hygrometric method, J. chem. Thermodynamics 33, 1059 (2001). 50. M. Courel, M. Dornier, J.M. Herry, G.M. Rios, M. Reynes, Effect of operating conditions on water transport during the concentration of sucrose solutions by osmotic distillation. Journal of Membrane Science, 170, 281 (2000). | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/38092 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究針對聚四甲基-1-戊烯(TPX)複合膜之製備與滲透蒸餾程序加以探討,並利用化簡後的dusty-gas model(DGM)來模擬滲透蒸餾的通量表示式,最後再把它與兩種商業化膜材(PTFE與PP)進行比較。
完整的DGM表示式比較複雜,很難從實驗結果來計算擴散係數。在牛血清蛋白(BSA)溶液的滲透蒸餾,由於水蒸氣在膜孔中的氣相莫耳分率很低(<0.05),利用泰勒展開式把DGM的通量化簡為簡單的線性表示式,利用實驗結果可以計算出有效擴散係數。在乙醇水溶液的滲透蒸餾,也把乙醇與水的通量用此線性式表示,同樣可以計算出擴散係數值。 結果顯示:在本系統,化簡後的DGM可以成功地模擬出雙成份系統與三成份系統的表示式;水在TPX膜中的擴散係數(6.0x10-6m2/s)與其他兩種膜很接近,但由於TPX與乙醇的親和性,使乙醇的擴散係數值比其他兩種膜低。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | In the present research, the osmotic distillation of Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (TPX) composite membranes and other commercial membranes was investigated. The simplified dusty-gas model was employed to describe the mass transfer inside pores and evaluated effective diffusivities of molecules.
The general form of DGM is too complicate to combine with experiment results. Base on low gaseous molefraction of water (<0.05) in BSA osmotic distillation system, the two-component dusty-gas model can be transformed into linear equation by Taylor series. The linear equation was also capable of predicting effective diffusivities of ethanol and water in ethanol solution osmotic distillation process. The results show that the simplified DGM can express the mass transfer mechanism of this work successfully including two-component and three-component systems. And water diffusivity in TPX membrane is competitive with commercial membranes, but the ethanol diffusivity in TPX is lower than other two membranes because of the interaction between them, which raised the surface diffusion effect in the pores. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T16:26:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-94-R92524033-1.pdf: 1610595 bytes, checksum: da7154be8c6fa77a5f7048c0cafbd8f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝....………………………………………….….…….……. Ⅰ
中文摘要..……………………………………..……………… Ⅲ 英文摘要..………………………………………..…………… Ⅴ 目錄 ..…………………………….…………….…….……….. Ⅶ 圖索引…………………………….……………..…………..… Ⅹ 表索引…………………………….……………..…………..… ⅩⅡ 第一章 緒論………………………………….……..……….. 1 1.1 膜蒸餾簡介.….…………………..……………….. 1 1.2 膜材簡介………………….………..….………….. 3 1.3 膜孔內的質傳………………….…….......….…… 4 1.4 研究動機與目的……………………….…….…… 4 第二章 理論與文獻回顧………………….…….….………. 7 2.1 膜蒸餾的介紹………………………..……..…….. 7 2.1.1 DCMD…………………………………………. 9 2.1.2 AGMD…………………………………………. 10 2.1.3 SGMD…………………………………………. 11 2.1.4 VMD……………………………………………. 13 2.2 滲透蒸餾的相關原理………………..…….…….. 14 2.2.1 膜材的選擇與製備….……...…..…..…….. 14 2.2.2 膜材潤濕………………..………..…….…… 17 2.2.3 氣液界面的曲度對飽和蒸汽壓的影響…… 18 2.2.4 液體氣相分壓的計算……………………….. 20 2.3 滲透蒸餾之直傳機制………………..…..………. 22 2.3.1 膜表面的濃度極化效應...……….…….….. 23 2.3.2 膜孔內的直傳….……………...….………… 24 2.4 滲透蒸餾的裝置……...……..……….…………… 31 第三章 實驗與公式推導.……………………………..……. 33 3.1 實驗藥品…………..……………………..…..…….. 33 3.2 實驗儀器……………..…………………..……..….. 35 3.3 膜材之製備與測試..……..………..………..………. 37 3.3.1 TPX複合膜之製備……..……...…..………… 37 3.3.2 確認沒有發生膜孔濕潤現象...……...……..…. 40 3.4 溶液調配與濃度測量………………….…………….. 41 3.4.1 溶液的調配………….…………...….………… 41 3.4.2 濃度的測量………………………….….…..… 42 3.5 滲透蒸餾程序………………………..….………….. 46 3.5.1 實驗裝置……………………..…..….……… 47 3.5.2 計算通量………………..……...…………… 48 3.5.3 DGM的簡化與擴散係數的計算…………… 50 3.5.4 三成份系統的滲透蒸餾……………………. 54 第四章 結果與討論..….……………………..………..……. 55 4.1 膜材的結構………………………….…….………….. 55 4.2 膜材潤濕的測試………………………………….. 57 4.3 實驗結果…………………………..…….…………... 59 4.3.1 BSA系統……..……………...….……...…….…… 59 4.3.2 乙醇水系統………………………..………… 68 4.4 討論…………………….………..……………..…. 77 4.4.1三成份系統表示式的檢驗………………….. 78 4.4.2 TPX複合膜的有效厚度….…………………. 79 4.4.3 TPX膜結構對於有效擴散係數的影響…… 80 4.4.4 不同膜材對於水與乙醇的選擇性…………. 82 4.4.5 從商業化角度選擇膜材……………………. 85 第五章 結論..….………………….……….…………..……. 87 參考文獻..….……………….…………………………..……. 89 圖索引 第二章 圖2-1 膜蒸餾的原理……………………..……...……….…….. 7 圖2-2 AGMD溫度分布圖……………………..…….……...….. 11 圖2-3 TSGMD裝置圖……………..…………...……….……….. 12 圖2-4 VMD系統裝置…………..………...…..…………..……….. 13 圖2-5 乾式法製膜流程圖…………………..…...……………….... 16 圖2-6 濕式法製膜流程圖…….………………………..…..…..….. 16 圖2-7 氣液界面………………………………..………...………… 18 圖2-8 質傳阻力圖……………………………..……..….………… 23 圖2-9 常見的滲透蒸餾裝置圖………………....……….………… 32 第三章 圖3-1 薄膜製備流程圖….……………...…..…….……….….. 40 圖3-2 UV-Vis光度偵測計設備圖……….…..…………...……….. 42 圖3-3 BSA檢量線(Cell 1)…………………………………...……. 43 圖3-4 BSA檢量線(Cell 2)………………….……………………… 44 圖3-5 BSA檢量線(Cell 3)……………….…….………………….. 44 圖3-6 BSA檢量線(Cell 4)……….………………………………… 45 圖3-7 滲透蒸餾設備圖(side-by-side cell)…….…………………. 47 圖3-8 進料端溶液質量對時間的改變…...…….………..…….. 49 圖3-9 擴散係數對於孔徑大小的變化…………….………………. 53 第四章 圖4-1 四種膜的SEM照片…………………………….…..…..…. 56 圖4-2 膜材潤濕的測試…………………..……………………….. 57 圖4-3 不同驅動力下TPX(SB20)對稱膜水的通量(BSA系統)…. 62 圖4-4 不同驅動力下TPX(SB20)複合膜水的通量(BSA系統)…. 63 圖4-5 不同驅動力下TPX(HB40)對稱膜水的通量(BSA系統)…. 64 圖4-6 不同驅動力下TPX(HB40)複合膜水的通量(BSA系統)…. 65 圖4-7 不同驅動力下PTFE膜水的通量(BSA系統)…………….. 66 圖4-8 不同驅動力下PP膜水的通量(BSA系統)……………….. 67 圖4-9不同驅動力下TPX(SB20)複合膜乙醇的通量(乙醇水系統) 71 圖4-10不同驅動力下TPX(SB20)複合膜水的通量(乙醇水系統) 72 圖4-1不同驅動力下TPX(HB40)複合膜乙醇的通量(乙醇水系統) 73 圖4-12 不同驅動力下PTFE膜乙醇的通量(乙醇水系統)………. 74 圖4-13 不同驅動力下PP膜乙醇的通量(乙醇水系統)................ 75 圖4-14 不同驅動力下PP膜水的通量 (乙醇水系統)……………. 76 表索引 第二章 表2-1 不同孔徑大小對飽和蒸汽壓的影響………….…………. 19 表2-2 Antoine公式中乙醇與水的常數值………………………. 20 表2-3 不同CaCl2濃度水的activity……………………………… 22 第三章 表3-1 凝聚槽成份………………………..…………..……………. 38 表3-2 假設K0/K1=1時,式3-3的誤差..…………..……………. 51 表3-3 假設K0/K1=100時,式3-3的誤差..………..………….… 51 表3-4 單一圓柱形孔洞中水與乙醇的擴散係數值………………. 53 第四章 表4-1 PMI測試結果….……………………………………....……. 56 表4-2 不同膜材可用於滲透蒸餾之乙醇溶液的最高濃度…....…. 58 表4-3 不同CaCl2濃度產生膜兩端的水的莫耳氣象分率差…….. 60 表4-4 四種膜不同鹽水濃度之滲透蒸餾得到的通量…………….. 60 表4-5 TPX(SB20)膜之厚度……………………….……..……….. 63 表4-6 TPX(HB40)膜之厚度……………………….……..……….. 65 表4-7 不同乙醇濃度時膜兩端乙醇的氣相莫耳分率差………….. 68 表4-8不同乙醇濃度時膜兩端水的氣相莫耳分率差……………... 69 表4-9四種膜不同乙醇濃度時滲透蒸餾實驗的通量……………... 69 表4-10 實驗結果列表……...……..……………………………….. 77 表4-11雙成份與三成份系統水的擴散係數………………………. 78 表4-12 TPX複合膜的厚度………………………………………… 79 表4-13 兩種TPX複合膜水的擴散係數………………………….. 81 表4-14 不同膜材的膜結構常數…………………………………… 82 表4-15 水與乙醇擴散係數比的實驗值與理論值………………… 83 表4-16 兩種TPX膜擴散係數的比值…………...………………… 84 表4-17 不同膜材水與乙醇的有效擴散係數……………………… 85 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 滲透蒸餾程序中質傳現象之分析 | zh_TW |
dc.title | A Study of Mass Transport in Osmotic Distillation | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 93-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 賴君義(Juin-Yih Lai),阮若屈(Ruoh-Chyu Ruaan) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 滲透蒸餾,質傳, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Osmotic distillation,mass transport, | en |
dc.relation.page | 94 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2005-07-15 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 化學工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 化學工程學系 |
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