大型3D列印結合龍圖兒內結構

Abstract

積層製造又稱3D列印（3D printing），採用逐層疊加的製造方法，近年來3D列印技術被快速開發，此類型技術大大簡化了對複雜零件的加工製程。其中以熔融擠製成形的加工技術最為簡單、設計最容易，因此坊間許多自組機臺，也是現在桌上型3D列印機中使用最多的技術。我們提出一個新的3D列印方法，能夠比現有方法節省材料並且縮短列印時間，使得3D列印更加經濟。另外，本研究在3D列印的材料外還加入了使用Zometool的複合結構，使得3D列印的結構支撐上可以用一個新的方法代替，同時兼顧經濟，又能有非常良好的抗壓能力。第三個重要突破是，結合Zometool和3D列印，使得超大型的3D列印成品可以透過家用型的打印機，在省時、省材料的情況下實現，並且兼具堅固、耐壓等優點。

Additive manufacturing(AM) produces parts by adding material in layers, which significantly simplifies the process of producing complex 3D objects. Recently, AM technologies are well developed and fused deposition modeling is the simplest technique and is widely adopted to develop so-called 3D printers. 3D printers have become popular in recent years and enable fabrication of custom objects for home users. However, the cost of the material used in printing remains high and one of the remaining obstacles to wide-scale adoption is that the object to be printed must fit into the working volume of the 3D printers. In this paper, we present an new solution to design a complex Zometool structure for the purpose of reducing the material cost in printing a given 3D object and to decompose a large 3D object into smaller parts so that each part fits into the printing volume. These object parts can then be assembled with Zometool to form the original object. The complex Zometool structure is designed by an optimization scheme which significantly reduces material volume and is guaranteed to be physically solid, geometrically consistent, and printable. Furthermore, the formation of Zometool struts is duplicated repeatedly in the same pattern which is structurally sound. We formulate it as an iterative searching algorithm to find a compromise solution.