野柳地質公園經營管理成效評估

Abstract

地質公園為1990年代由聯合國教科文組織推行的以地質及地形為基礎的保護區，以地景保育為主要核心，結合地景旅遊、環境教育、社區參與等其他發展面向，至今已有120個地質公園參與世界地質公園網絡。台灣則在2000年代初期也開始推動地質公園，至今有8個地質公園參與台灣地質公園網絡，近期也將地質公園列入文資法，故正處於發展階段，目前也尚未建立一套適用於台灣地質公園的經營管理成效的評估指標。 本研究選定目前台灣在地質公園的經營管理方面，已有一定發展程度的野柳地質公園作為研究區域，試圖建立考量地景保護區特性之經營管理成效指標，以及依據所建立的指標對野柳地質公園進行經營管理成效評估。 目前世界有上百種保護區經營管理的評估方法，大多由世界保護區委員會(WCPA)所提出之保護區經營管理成效架構發展而出，本研究經文獻回顧及專家訪談後，建立一套7項分類、17項指標的台灣地質公園經理成效評估方法，以野柳地質公園作為試驗地，並以問卷形式對權益關係人進行野柳地質公園經理成效評估。 評估結果顯示，野柳在「旅遊管理與資訊」、「解說與教育」、「人力資源」等方面都有相當好的經理成效，而在「地景保育」、「生物多樣性保育」、「權益關係人」等方面分數相對低一點，是野柳在未來的經營管理上值得留意的部分，而低分並不代表經理成效不彰，而是可能在過去的經營管理沒注意到這些部分，在未來有很大的發展空間。 希望能藉由本研究來提供野柳地質公園管理單位在未來的經營管理及決策上之參考。也冀望本研究能提升台灣對地景保護區之重視，也能為台灣其他地質公園將來欲進行經理成效評估時能夠提供參考。

Geopark which is a kind of protected areas based on the landform and geology was developed by UNESCO in the 1990s. The main core is landscape conversation which combines with geotourism, environmental education and community involvement. There are current 120 geoparks around the world to join with Global Geoparks Network. Then, Taiwan pushed geoparks in the 2000s, there are current eight geoparks in Taiwan to join with Taiwan Geoparks Network. Geopark has been legislation in Cultural Heritage Preservation Act, so geoparks are still in the development stage in Taiwan. There’s no evaluation indicators applied to management effectiveness on geoparks in Taiwan. This study selected for the Yehliu Geopark as study area because it is already a specific degree of development of management in Taiwan. This study tried to establish management effectiveness indicators to consider the characteristics of the landscape protected areas, and the indicators are based on the management effectiveness evaluation in Yehliu Geopark. There are hundreds of methods to assess the management of protected areas currently in the world. Most of the methods are developed by the World Commission on Protected (WCPA) of the proposed protected area management effectiveness framework. The study was made after literature review and expert interviews and established a method of management effectiveness on geoparks in Taiwan which includes seven classifications and seventeen indicators. We use questionnaire to evaluated management effectiveness on Yehliu Geopark for the stakeholders’. The results shows that Yehliu at very well in “tourism management and information”, “interpretation and education” and “staff resources”, and the score relatively not enough in “landscape conservation”, “biodiversity conservation” and “stakeholders”, they are worth noting at management for Yehliu Geopark in the future. However, score could not mean ineffective management, maybe due to the managers don’t notice these parts in the past which they have great potential for development in the future. This study wants to provide reference to Yehliu Geopark for management and decision in the future. This study also hopes promoting the visibility of geology protected areas, and provide reference to the other geoparks in Taiwan to management and decision in the future.