FRP風力機葉片材料強度之探討

Abstract

本文就現行GFRP風力發電機葉片所使用之原材料的力學特性作探討，首先藉由所蒐集取得之資料，探討葉片各部位使用之材料種類（包括纖維種類、樹脂種類與積層種類），並經由相關材料試驗法規進行靜態（包含拉伸、壓縮與剪切試驗）與動態（疲勞試驗）材料試驗，以建立風力發電機FRP葉片材料特性之資料庫，掌握材料特性並作為日後研究與結構計算之基礎，再藉由實驗結果探討不同纖維編織之破壞模式與比較不同樹脂對強度與剛性之影響。 本文亦以理論分析推導編織多層纖維之材料性質，即利用複合法則根據單軸向纖維之剛性推算雙軸向纖維與三軸向纖維之剛性，再比對實驗結果來驗證，且利用ABAQUS有限元素分析軟體探討GFRP積層板之剪切強度。

This study mainly focuses on the mechanical characteristic of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) used for wind turbine blades. According to the past investigation, we discuss the characteristic of the material, which is varying with the category of fiber and resin and the stacking sequence, applied on the different part of the blades. We processed the static test, including the tension, compression, and shear test, and dynamic test, mainly fatigue test, based on the standard of material test. Then the characteristic of GFRP is provided cleanly and the database is established to make the foundation of the study and numerical calculation. Meanwhile, we can discuss the failure form with the different stacking sequence and influence on the strength and stiffness of the different resin. This paper also applies the theoretical analysis to conduct the mechanical characteristic of material with the different stacking sequence. That is, we substitute the stiffness of the single axial laminates to determine the stiffness of the biaxial and triaxial laminates based on the compound rule for the composite material and then compare the results with the experimental results. Finally we use the finite element software, ABAQUS, to discuss the shear strength analysis of the GFRP laminated plate.