供應鏈管理B2B平台之研究 ──以紡織產業為例

Abstract

紡織產業者雖有少數廠商追隨著資訊電子業進行企業電子化的工作，大多數仍在起步階段。業者在買主日益要求快速反應、縮短交期、降低交貨批量的壓力下，需要重新思考企業發展策略以及如何藉由資訊科技之便利，加強上中下游間之資訊交換與溝通，使得供應鏈的資訊及時性及透通性增加，便於更精確的進行各項訂單履行的工作，規避長鞭效應的不良影響，從而降低企業風險。 本研究經由電子商務、供應鏈管理、協同合作等文獻探討，以及產業電子化、供應鏈管理實施情況之資料蒐集分析中，了解紡織產業電子化有導入成本過高，風險大、上下游合作廠商配合意願低、尚無合乎需求的文件標準，系統標準不一致、缺乏可信賴的安全認證機制與法規保障、電子化預期效益及商機無法評估等為面臨之重大困難。 業者與上下游商務夥伴溝通方式則大多以電子郵件為之，其次為網際網路，再其次為EDI專屬系統。了解供應鏈廠商之間多對多的網狀關係，在電子化連線上的問題，因為缺乏完整的電子化標準，以中小企業為主的國內廠商，需要同時面對多個不同中心廠的供應鏈體系，必須建置多套資訊系統來配合不同供應鏈體系的要求，造成管理、系統維護及成本的負擔，影響企業參與供應鏈管理體系的意願，阻礙整體產業電子化的發展。 本研究提出紡織產業供應鏈管理B2B平台之構想，闡述B2B平台架構、內涵及功能、推動策略等。同時，對企業在B2B平台下之運作情形以個案方式進行流程實例研析，發現B2B平台能簡化多對多的資訊連結，降低廠商間電子資料交換系統建置成本、連結成本，並有利於縮短生產週期，降低庫存成本等。

Most companies in Textile Industry are on the beginning stage in developing business electronic. There are very limited companies having advanced as the companies of Information & Electronic Industry do. Practically, firms should reconsider to build a business strategy that is heavily requested by buyers to achieve quick response, shorten delivery time, and reduce batch consignment quantity. The strategy should be capable of using information technology that will improve information exchange & communication between up-stream and down-stream, increasing the promptness & transparency of information in supply-chain, ordering fulfillment in an accurate way to avoid bullwhip effect, and reducing enterprise risk. This study reviewed essays in the fields of electronic business, supply chain management, and business collaboration. I also collected and analyzed the data regarding the implementation in industry electronic and supply chain management. Obviously, the electronic industry in business is facing several main difficulties such as high implementation cost, high risk, low willingness of corporation between up-stream and down-stream, lack of authentic security algorithm, shortage of law protection, and inability in evaluating expected effectiveness and opportunities. Business partners between up and down streams mostly communicate by email, then orderly by Internet and EDI privilege system. The network relationship between firms is multiple to multiple (M-M). Because there is no standardization to regulate information exchange, those companies connecting to different supply-chains have to implement different information systems in order to meet the requests. It demands more expense in management, system maintenance and cost. Therefore, companies are discouraged from joining supply chain management projects. This condition hinders the whole industry electronic development in Textiles Industry. This study developed the concept of Textile Industry Supply-Chain Management B2B Platform. It also proposed function, and promotion strategy for the B2B Platform. Through case operation study, it is concluded that the Textile Industry B2B Platform will simplify M-M information connections, reduce implementation expense in information exchange between firms, shorten production cycle time, and cut down cost.