請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件：
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/36653完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 范正成 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ying-Chi Lo | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 羅穎頎 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T08:09:36Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2006-07-26 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2005-07-26 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2005 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2005-07-20 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 1. 山坡地土壤調查報告－臺北縣、基隆市暨臺北市(1986)，臺灣省政府農林廳山地農牧局編印。
2. 范正成、謝宏元(1991)，「田間人工降雨機之回顧、研究及比較」，中華水土保持學報，22(1)：pp.9-20。 3. 范正成(1993)，「臺灣地區土壤沖蝕預測公式之回顧、研究與展望」，中華水土保持學報，24(2)：pp.131－152。 4. 范正成、吳明峰(1993)，「臺灣地區紋溝間土壤沖蝕及其與降雨強度之關係－量測及分析」，國科會研究報告。 5. 范正成、楊維明(1994)，「敷蓋物位置及排列方式對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響－量測及分析」，國科會研究報告。 6. 范正成、楊文仁(1995)，「含粗顆粒之林口紅土的紋溝間土壤沖蝕定量評估」，國科會研究報告。 7. 吳嘉俊(1998)，「礫石地之地表敷蓋次因子」，中華水土保持學報，29(4)：pp.351-365。 8. 黃俊德、林金炳(1985)，「台灣豪雨對土壤沖蝕災害之影響研究 (二)豪雨對沖蝕物質特性之影響」，行政院國家科學委員會防災科技研究報告73-75號。 9. 楊文仁、范正成(2003)，「運用類神經網路建立紋溝間土壤沖蝕推估模式之研究」，中華水土保持學報，34(3)：pp. 271-279。 10. 鍾宜全(2004)，「石塊覆蓋率與放置方式對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響」，國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程學研究所碩士論文。 11. Agassi, M. and G. J. Levy (1991), 'Stone-cover and rain intensity: Effects on Infiltratuon, Erosion and Water Splash'. Aust. J. Soil Res., 29, pp.565-75. 12. Amimoto, P. Y. (1981), 'Erosion and Sediment Control Hand-book'. Calif. Dept. Conserv. Rep. No.EPA 4 4013-78-003, pp.197 13. Al-Durrah, M. M. and J. M. Bradford.(1982), 'Parameters for describing soil detachment due to single water-drop impact'. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46(4): pp.836-840. 14. Bradford, J. M., J. E. Ferris and P. A. Remley (1987a), 'Interrill soil erosion processes: I. Effect of sur-Sealing on infiltration, runoff, and soil splash detachment' Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 51: pp.1566-1571. 15. Bradford, J. M., J. E. Ferris and P. A. Remley (1987b), 'Interrill soil erosion processes: II. Relationship of splash detachment to soil properties'. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 51: pp.1566-1571. 16. Box, J. E. Jr. (1981), 'The Effects of Surface Slaty Fragments on Soil Erosion by Water'. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45:111-116. 17. Christiansen, J. E. (1942), 'Irrigation by Sprinkling'. University of California Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, pp.124-670 18. Fan, J. C. and C. W. Lovell. (1988), 'Slope Steepness Factor for Prediction Erosion on Highway Slopes'. Transportation Research Record 1188, TRB. National Research Council, Washington, D. C. pp.63-67. 19. Fan, J.-C. and M.-F. Wu (2001), 'Estimation of Interrill Soil Erosion on Steep Slopes '. TRANSACTIONS of the ASAE 44(6): pp.1471-1477. 20. Figueiredo T. de, J. Poesen(1998), 'Effects of Surface Rock Fragment Characteristics on Interrill Runoff and Erosion of A Silty Loam Soil'. Soil & Tillage Research 46(1998) 81-95. 21. Foster, G. R., C. B. Johnson and W. C. Moldenhauer. (1982), 'Critical Slope Lengths for Unanchored Cornstalk and Wheat Straw Residue'. Transactions of the ASAE 1982 : pp.935-947. 22. Foster, G.. R. and L. D. Meyer (1972), 'Erosion Mechanics of Mulches'. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Paper No.72-754, pp.24. 23. Gilley, J. E., D. A. Woolhiser and D. B. McWhorter (1985a), 'Interrill soil erosion - part I : Development of model equations'. Transactions of the ASAE 28(1): pp.147-153,159. 24. Gilley, J. E., D. A. Woolhiser, and D. B. McWhorter (1985b), 'Interrill soil erosion - part II: Testing and use of model equations'. Transactions of the ASAE 28(1): pp.154-159. 25. Gilley, J. E., S. C. Finkner, R. G. Spomer and L. N. Mielke (1986), 'Runoff and Erosion as Affected by Corn Residue; Part I. Total Losses'. Transactions of the ASAE, Vol 29(1) :pp.157-160. 26. Grosh, J. L. and A. R. Jarrett.(1994), 'Interrill erosion and runoff on very steep slopes'. Transactions of the ASAE 37(4) : pp.1127-1133. 27. Guy, B. T., W. T. Dickinson, G. J. Wall and R. P. Rudra (1987), 'Characterization of interrill transported sediment'. ASAE Paper No.87-2028, ASAE, St. Joseph, MI 49085. 28. Jennings, G. D. and A. R. Jarrett (1985), 'Laboratory Evaluation of Mulches in Reducing Erosion'. Transactions of the ASAE No. 29(5): pp.1466-1470. 29. Kirby, M. J. and R. P. C. Morgan (1980), 'Soil Erosion'. John Wiley & Sons. 30. Laflen, J. M. and T. S. Colvin (1981), 'Effect of Crop Residue on Soil Loss from Continuous Row Cropping'. Transactions of the ASAE, 1981 pp.605-609. 31. Liebenow, A. M., W. J. Elliot, J. M. Laflen and K. D. Kohl (1990), 'Interrill Erodibility: Collection and Analysys of Data from Cropland Soils'. Transactions of the ASAE 33(6): pp.1882-1888. 32. McCool, D. K., L. C. Brown, G. R. Foster, C. K. Mutchler and L. D. Meyer. (1987), 'Revised Slope Steepness Factor for The Universal Soil Loss Equation'. Transactions of the ASAE. 33. McCormack, D. E., K. K. Young and G. M. Darby(1984), 'Rock Fragments and the K Factor of the Universal Soil Loss Equation'. Erosion and Productivity of Soils Containing Rock Fragments, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Special Publication No. 13, Ch.8:73-81. 34. McGregor, K. C., R. L. Bengtson and C. K. Mutcher (1988a), 'Effects of Incorporating Straw Residues on Interrill Soil Erosion'. ASAE Vo1. 31(1): pp.82-85. 35. McGregor, K. C., R. L. Bengtson, C. K. Mutcher (1988b), 'Effects of Surface Straw on interrill runoff and Erosion of Grenada Silt Loam Soil'. ASAE Vo1. 31(1): pp.111-116. 36. Meyer, L. D., C. B. Johnson, and G. R. Foster (1972), 'Stone and Woodchip Mulches for Erosion Control on Construction Sites'. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. Vol. 27(6):264-269. 37. Meyer, L. D. (1981), 'How rain intensity affects interrill erosion'. Transactions of the ASAE 24(6): pp.1472-1475. 38. Meyer, L. D. and W. C. Harmon (1984), 'Susceptibility of agricultural soils to interrill erosion'. Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. 48:pp.1152-1157. 39. Meyer, L. D. and W. C. Harmon (1989), 'How row-sideslope length and steepness affect sideslope erosion'. Transactions of the ASAE 32(2): pp.639-644. 40. Meyer, L. D. and W. C. Harmon (1992), 'Interrill Runoff And Erosion: Effects of Row-sideslope Shape, Rain Energy, and Rain Intensity'. Transactions of the ASAE 35(4): pp.1199-1203. 41. Mutchler, C. K. and L. M. Hansen (1970), 'Splash of a water-drop at terminal velocity'. Science. 169: pp.1311-1312. 42. Nearing, M. A., J. M. Bradford and S. C. Parker (1991), 'Soil Detachment by Shallow Flow at low slopes'. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55: pp.339-344. 43. Poesen, J. W. and H. Lavee (1991), 'Effects of Size and Incorporation of Synthetic mulch on runoff and sediment yield from interrills in a laboratory study with simulated rainfall'. Soil & Tillage Research.21: pp.209-223. 44. Poesen, J., F. Ingelmo-Sanchez and H. Mucher (1990), 'The Hydrological Response of Soil Surfaces to Rainfall As Affected By Cover and Position of Rock Fragments In The Top Layer'. Earth surface processes and landforms, VOL. 15: pp.653-671. 45. Ravina, I. and J. Magier (1984), 'Hydraulic conductivity and water retention of clay soils containing coarse fragments'. Soil Sci. Soc.Am. J. 48: pp.736-740. 46. Renard, K. G., G. R. Foster, G. A. Weesies and J. P. Porter (1991), 'RUSLE Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation'. J. of Soil and Water Conserv., 46(1):30-33. 47. Roy, B. L. and A. R. Jarrett (1991), 'The Role of Coarse Fragments and Surface Compaction in Reducing Interrill Erosion'. Transactions of the ASAE Vol.34(1): pp.149-154. 48. Simanton, J. R., E. Rawitz and E. D. Shirley (1984), 'Effects of Rocks Fragments on Erosion of Semiarid Rangeland Soils'. SSSA Special Publication (Soil Science Society of America), n 13, 1984, p 65-72. 49. Singer, M. J. and J. Blackard (1978), 'Effect of Mulching on Sediment in Runoff From Simulated Rainfall'. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. Vol 42: pp.481-486. 50. Watson, D. A. and J. M. Laflen (1986), 'Soil strength, slope and rainfall intensity effects on interrill erosion'. Transactions of the ASAE 29(1): pp.98-102. 51. Weggel, J. R. and R. Rustom (1992), 'Soil Erosion by Rainfall and Runoff－State of the Art'. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 11: pp.551-572. 52. Wischmeier, W. H. and D. D. Smith (1965), 'Predicting rainfall erosion losses from cropland'. USDA Agricultural Handbook 282. : pp.48. 53. Wischmeier, W. H. and D. D. Smith. (1978), 'Predicting rainfall erosion losses'. USDA Agriculture Handbook'. No.537. Sci. and Educ. Admin. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/36653 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本研究的主要目的在於探討石塊覆蓋方式對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響機制。本研究之沖蝕試驗採用台北縣新店山區的黃壤土，並利用特別設計之試驗箱及人工降雨機進行試驗。試驗箱的坡度固定為20%。利用人造之水泥圓球鋪放在土壤表面作為試驗之覆蓋物，並改變其覆蓋率與覆蓋方式，於兩種強度的人工降雨下進行沖蝕試驗。覆蓋率分別為0%、10%、20%、30%、40%及50%等共六種；而覆蓋方式則採用全部露出土壤表面及部分嵌入土壤中兩種，其埋入率分別為0%與50%；降雨強度則分別為40mm/hr與90mm/hr。
試驗結果發現，有石塊覆蓋之試體，在低降雨強度且覆蓋率低於40%時可降低土壤表面之逕流率；石塊全部露出土壤表面時，對降低逕流沖蝕、飛濺沖蝕，及總沖蝕率之效果較石塊部分嵌入時理想，但在覆蓋率10%時對降低逕流沖蝕及總沖蝕率則是石塊部分嵌入時較好，但兩種覆蓋方式皆能有效降低沖蝕。對降低沖蝕效果而言，當石塊全部露出土壤表面、低降雨強度下且覆蓋率大於40%時效果最好。經迴歸分析結果發現，沖蝕量與覆蓋率、覆蓋物的埋入比率及降雨強度有不錯之關係。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of rock fragments used as mulch cover on interrill soil erosion. The soil used in the soil erosion tests was collected from a mountainside at Sindian, Taipei County. Erosion Boxes and a rainfall simulator were specially designed and fabricated for this study. During the tests, the slope steepness of the erosion boxes was maintained at 20%. Mortar Balls were placed at the soil surface as the mulch cover. The rate and type of cover were changed, and two different rainfall intensities were simulated and applied in this study. The erosion tests were repeated on soil samples at the cover rates of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% and types of completely exposed to the soil surface and partially embedded into the soil (i.e. the embedded ratio was 0% and 50%), and rainfall intensities of 40 and 90 mm/hr.
It was found from the test results that while the rainfall intensity was low and the cover rate was less than 40%, the runoff rate decreased. While the rock fragments were completely exposed to the soil surface, the runoff erosion, splash erosion and total erosion rate were found less compared to that while the rock fragments were partially embedded into the soil. At the cover rate of 10%, it was found that while the rock fragments were partially embedded into the soil, the runoff erosion and total erosion rate were found less. Nevertheless, both the two types of cover could effectively reduced the erosion. It was also found that while the rock fragments were completely exposed to the soil surface, the rainfall intensity was low and the cover rate was greater then 40%, the reducing effect of soil erosion was the best. After regression analysis, an equation was proposed to relate soil erosion, cover rate, embedded ratio and rainfall intensity. The relationship were found very satisfactory. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T08:09:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-94-R92622020-1.pdf: 2641296 bytes, checksum: eaddcc2d7106cfb8ce5fc423a1c8b83f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝誌 Ⅰ
中文摘要 Ⅱ 英文摘要 Ⅲ 目錄 Ⅴ 圖目錄 Ⅷ 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文獻回顧 3 2.1紋溝間土壤沖蝕發生機制 3 2.2雨滴撞擊因子 3 2.3 土壤特性因子 4 2.4 坡度因子 6 2.5 覆蓋及處理因子 7 2.6 實驗室之沖蝕試驗設備 11 2.6.1 沖蝕試驗箱 11 2.6.2 人工降雨機 12 第三章 研究方法 15 3.1 試驗材料與試驗設備 16 3.1.1 土壤 16 3.1.2 覆蓋物 18 3.1.3 沖蝕試驗箱 18 3.1.4 人工降雨機 21 3.1.5 實驗相關設備 26 3.2沖蝕試驗箱上方之降雨強度率定 26 3.3 沖蝕試體製作 30 3.4 人工降雨沖蝕試驗 34 3.4.1 試驗說明 34 3.4.2 試驗步驟 42 第四章 試驗結果與討論 44 4.1 人工降雨機之降雨強度率定結果 44 4-2 人工降雨沖蝕試驗結果 44 4.2.1 逕流率與覆蓋率之關係 46 4.2.2 逕流沖蝕與覆蓋率之關係 48 4.2.3 飛濺沖蝕與覆蓋率之關係 52 4.2.4 總沖蝕率與覆蓋率之關係 55 4.2.5 逕流沖蝕與飛濺沖蝕所佔沖時之比例與覆蓋率之關係 60 4.2.6 逕流沖蝕/飛濺沖蝕與覆蓋率之關係 62 4.2.7 逕流沖蝕與逕流率之相關性 66 4.3 綜合性試驗結果與比較 69 4.4 石塊覆蓋對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響機制推論 71 4.4.1 石塊覆蓋對於紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響效應 71 4.4.2 石塊覆蓋率對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響機制 73 4.4.3 石塊覆蓋方式對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響機制 74 4.5 試驗數據之迴歸分析 75 4.5.1 迴歸模式的建立 75 4.5.2 迴歸分析結果 78 第五章 結論與建議 81 5.1 結論 81 5.2 檢討與建議 83 參考文獻 84 附錄A 人工降雨沖蝕試驗數據 91 A.1 人工降雨沖蝕試驗原始數據 92 A.2 迴歸格式化後分析用資料 94 A.3 統計迴歸分析用資料 96 附錄B 沖蝕試驗結束後之土壤表面圖 97 B.1 土壤表面受沖蝕之情況(一) 98 B.2 土壤表面受沖蝕之情況(二) 99 B.3 土壤表面受沖蝕之情況(三) 100 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 降雨強度 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 土壤沖蝕 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 紋溝間土壤沖蝕 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 水泥石塊 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 覆蓋率 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 石塊覆蓋方式 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | soil erosion | en |
| dc.subject | rainfall intensity | en |
| dc.subject | rock cover type | en |
| dc.subject | cover rate | en |
| dc.subject | mortar rock(ball) | en |
| dc.subject | interrill soil erosion | en |
| dc.title | 以水泥圓球模擬石塊覆蓋方式對紋溝間土壤沖蝕之影響機制 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The Effects of Rock Fragment Mulch Cover Simulated Using Mortar Ball on The Mechanism of Interrill Soil Erosion | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 93-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 盧昭堯,盧光輝,林俊全,陳樹群 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 土壤沖蝕,紋溝間土壤沖蝕,水泥石塊,覆蓋率,石塊覆蓋方式,降雨強度, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | soil erosion,interrill soil erosion,mortar rock(ball),cover rate,rock cover type,rainfall intensity, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 100 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2005-07-21 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生物環境系統工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生物環境系統工程學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-94-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 2.58 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。