溫度、乙烯與黑暗貯運對紅花朵麗蝶蘭開花品質之影響

Abstract

本研究以16個紅花朵麗蝶蘭品種為材料，探討溫度、乙烯及黑暗貯運對朵麗蝶蘭開花品質之影響，結果顯示朵麗蝶蘭滿天紅（Dtps. Queen Beer）、 King Shiang's Kide、Formosa Rose營養生長以30/25℃為宜，滿天紅在25/20處理後28天可抽梗，抽梗後1週抽梗率達100%。低溫平均可抽近2枝花梗，25/20℃分枝性較佳。朵麗蝶蘭King Shiang's Kide於30/25℃以上均不抽梗。 以2μl•l-1乙烯處理朵麗蝶蘭13個盆花品種，其基部花朵及大花苞對乙烯敏感，各品種中以Minho Diamond、Monsanhon、King Shiang’s Rose、Minho Little Rose及San Ge Diamond 5品種對乙烯較不敏感，其中King Shiang’s Rose、Formosa Rose與對乙烯略敏感之King Shiang’s Coral具親緣關係。朵麗蝶蘭 Murray Spencer-Tsuei Hua Lady ‘Taida’、滿天紅（Dtps. Queen Beer）、Little Gem Stripes、Dtps. Formosa Rose × Phal. Shin In Lady、新滿天紅、Tainan Beauty、立匠Eagle為對乙烯極敏感之品種。朵麗蝶蘭Dtps. Formosa Rose × Phal. Shin In Lady 黑暗貯運7天會造成部分花朵花苞萎凋，主要使花梗頂端小花苞乾縮。朵麗蝶蘭KHM313 I-shin Jem黑暗貯運花梗長度大於17cm者花朵對黑暗不敏感，但小花苞萎凋；花梗長小於17cm者花苞對黑暗不敏感。

This study is probed into various day/night temperature, ethylene and stimulated dark transport condition on Doritaenopsis flowering quality by 16 red Doritaenopsis cultivars. The result shows vegetative growth temperature was better at 30/25℃ of Dtps. Queen Beer, Dtps. King Shiang's Kide and Dtps. Formosa Rose. Dtps. Queen Beer’s stalk can emerge at 25/20℃ after 28 days and all plants were emerged after 1 week. At lower temperature, every plants has two stalks; plants at 25/20℃ has more branches. Dtps. King Shiang's Kide didn’t emerge at 30/25℃. Treat 13 potted Doritaenopsis with 2μl•l-1 ethylene 12 hrs can observed the older flowers and the larger buds were more sensitive to ethylene. 5 cultivars include Dtps. Minho Diamond, Dtps. Monsanhon, Dtps. King Shiang’s Rose, Dtps. Minho Little Rose and Dtps. San Ge Diamond were more insensitive to ethylene among 13 cultivars. In these cultivars, Dtps. King Shiang’s Rose, Dtps. Formosa Rose and Dtps. King Shiang’s Coral are relative. Dtps. Murray Spencer-Tsuei Hua Lady ‘Taida’, Dtps. Queen Beer, Dtps. Little Gem Stripes, Dtps. Formosa Rose × Phal. Shin In Lady, Dtps. 新滿天紅, Dtps. Tainan Beauty and Dtps. 立匠Eagle are sensitive with ethylene. Dark transport for 7 days con induced flower and bud wilting in Dtps. Formosa Rose × Phal. Shin In Lady, especially young buds at the top of stalk. 4 or 7 days dark storage of Dtps. KHM313 I-shin Jem, plants’ flower was insensitive to dark when stalk length over 17cm but younger bud was sensitive. Bud was insensitive to dark storage when stalk length is between 0-17cm.