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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
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dc.contributor.advisor | 駱尚廉(Shang-Lien Lo) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wen-Yu Tseng | en |
dc.contributor.author | 曾文裕 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T05:47:18Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2006-07-21 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2006-07-21 | |
dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2006-07-10 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Cheng, S. F. and Wu, S. C., “The enhancement methods for the degradation of TCE by zero-valent metals,” Chemosphere, 41, 1263-1270(2000)
Choe, S., Chang, Y. Y., Hwang, K. Y. and Khim, J., “Kinetics of reductive denitrification by nanoscale zero-valent iron,” Chemosphere, 41, 1307-1311(2000) Choe, S., Liljestrand, H. M. and Khim, J., ”Nitrate reduction by zero-valent iron under different pH regimes,” Applied Geochemistry, 19, 335-342(2004) Fanning, J.C., “The chemical reduction of nitrate in aqueous solution,” Coordination chemistry reviews, 199, 159-179(1999) Hu, H. Y., Goto, N., Fujie, K., “Effect of pH on the reduction of nitrite in water by metallic iron,” Water Research, 35, 2789-2793(2001) Huang, Y. H. and Zhang, T. C., “Knetics of nitrate reduction by iron at near neutral pH,” J. of Environ. Eng., 128, 604-611(2002) Huang, Y. H. and Zhang, T. C., “Effects of low pH on nitrate reduction by iron powder,” Water Research, 38, 2631-2642(2004) Kaneko, M., Katakura, N., Harada, C., Takei, Y. and Hoshino, M., “Visible light decomposition of ammonia to denitrogen by a new visible light photocatalytic system composed of sensitizer (Ru(bpy)32+), electron mediator (methylviologen) and electron acceptor (dioxygen),” Chem. Commun., 3436-3438(2005) Lee, J., Park, H. and Choi, W, “Selective photocatalytic oxidation of NH3 to N2 on platinized TiO2 in water,” Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 5462-5468(2002) Muftikian, R., Fernando, Q. and Korte, N., “A method for the rapid dechlorination molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons in water,” Water Research, 29, 2434-2439(1995) Siantar, D. P., Schreier, C. G., Chou, C. S. and Reinhard, M., “Treatment of 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane and nitrate-contaminated water with zero-valent iron or hydrogen/palladium catalysts,” Water Research, 30, 2315-2322(1996) Taguchi, J. and Okuhara, T., “Selective oxidative decomposition of ammonia in neutral water to nitrogen over titania-supported platinum or palladium catalyst,” Applied catalysis, A: General, 194-195, 89-97(2000) Wang, C. B. and Zhang, W. X., “Synthesizing nanoscale iron particles for rapid and complete dechlorination of TCE and PCBs,” Environ. Sci. Tech., 31, 2154-2156(1997) Westerhoff, P. and James, J., “Nitrate removal in zero-valent iron packed columns,” Water Research, 37, 1818-1830(2003) Zawaideh, L. L. and Zhang, T. C., “The effects of pH and addition of an organic buffer (HEPES) on nitrate transformation in Fe0-water system,” Wat. Sci. Tech., 38, 107-115(1998) 翁士奇,「奈米級零價鐵及銅鐵雙金屬還原水中硝酸鹽之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學環境工程研究所(2005) 吳軒,「零價金屬錫與鈀錫雙金屬對水中四氯化碳還原脫氯之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學環境工程研究所(2005) 杜德洪,「含銅鐵鉑奈米顆粒之合成與結構之研究」,碩士論文,國立清華大學工程與系統科學所(2004) 楊綠村,「脫硝處理高濃度硝酸鹽廢水流體化床程序影響之研究」,碩士論文,元智大學化學工程學系(2004) 賴芳林,「探討亞硝酸鹽的健康危害」,環境檢驗通訊雜誌,41,行政院環境保護署(2002) 王昭敏、王明光,實用儀器分析,合記圖書出版社(2003) | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/33845 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 硝酸鹽本身不具毒性,低濃度時有高度的穩定性,在人體中易還原成亞硝酸鹽而阻礙血液載氧的功能,嚴重者會有死亡的危險。現行的脫硝技術包括有物化脫硝及生物脫硝,傳統的脫硝方式常會產生大量濃縮廢液,亦或需要經常性的更換設備,利用微生物進行脫硝反應又必須視環境及生物特性的不同而難以掌握去除效率,故本研究利用化學上常運用之氧化還原反應來去除水中所含之硝酸鹽。由於零價金屬具強大之還原能力,且價格較為低廉,因此被運用在去除水中存在之毒物,尤以零價鐵的使用最為廣泛。故利用其還原特性可將水中硝酸鹽降解減少對於人體的威脅。
過去的研究指出加入少量的第二金屬會加快零價鐵粉對於硝酸鹽的降解效率,第二金屬通常是貴金屬如:鈀、鉑等,透過兩種不同金屬之電位差形成加凡尼電池(galvanic couple)以加速反應。本實驗採用較容易取得的銅做為第二金屬,氯化銅溶液中放置鐵粉進行氧化還原反應,將離子態的銅還原成金屬銅並負載於鐵粉表面上,實驗證明在鐵粉有負載銅時,其降解效率大於沒有負載銅的情況,由於降解效率與pH值高低成反比,故在高pH時更能看出其效果。 文獻中對於硝酸鹽降解的產物多所描述,為了要求降解效率通常將反應環境之pH值降低,但產物為氨居多;為去除此二次污染物,實驗運用貴金屬(如:鈀、金、鉑等)負載於銅表面上,製成催化性雙金屬,讓硝酸鹽先由銅鐵雙金屬降解為亞硝酸鹽後,再還原成無害的氮氣。惟在pH值較高的反應環境中,才會產生較多氮氣,而高pH值又會令降解效率變慢,故實驗中添加HEPES做為緩衝溶液,以防止pH上升過快。 實驗結果顯示貴金屬中以鈀效果最佳,且當pH=8.3時對氮氣選擇率最高,最適加藥比例則為鐵:銅:鈀=100%:0.5%:0.3%。添加貴金屬時,反應速率較只有銅存在時為慢,但最終皆會反應完全,其用意在於防止藥品尚未到達欲處理之地點時已反應完畢,導致處理效果不佳。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Nitrate has no toxicity itself and is very stable at a low concentration. It is very easy to reduce into nitrite which hinders the function of blood carrying oxygen. The current technologies of denitrification are not economic and generate secondary brine wastes, and the efficiency of biological dentrification is influenced by the environment and the characteristic of microorganisms. Because of the above-mentioned defect our research focuses on the oxidation-reduction reaction to reduce nitrate. Zero-valent metal is easy available has powerful ability of reduction. Especially, zero-valent iron (ZVI) is widely used in the previous researches.
Previous researches indicated that it accelerates the efficiency of denitrification of ZVI by adding a few secondary metal. By the different electric potential of the two metals, they become a galvanic couple and accelerate the reaction. In this study, we add copper chloride into iron powder such that the iron powder will be coated by the metallic copper. This experiment proved that the efficiency of denitrification of iron powder coated by copper is faster than iron powder without copper. Many researches described that the product of degradation of nitrate for the most part is ammonium. We need to raise the pH value and add a noble metal for forming nitrogen. Furthermore, we use HEPES to be buffer to prevent the pH value raising too fast. The result shows that palladium is the best selection, and when pH is equal to 8.3 the selectivity of nitrogen is highest. The best ratio to iron, copper and palladium is 100%:0.5%:0.3%. Besides, when a noble metal existed, the rate of denitrification is slower that the rate without a noble metal, but it will react completely finally. The purpose above is preventing the medicament is over without arriving at the groundwater. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T05:47:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-95-R93541202-1.pdf: 6025000 bytes, checksum: 2297bece84e295f83d9eea70c4f564c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………i 英文摘要………………………………………………………………iii 第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………1 1-1 研究緣起……………………………………………………1 1-2 實驗目的……………………………………………………2 第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………4 2-1 硝酸鹽氮之處理……………………………………………4 2-1-1 硝酸鹽之毒理性質…………………………………4 2-1-2 硝酸鹽之物種分佈…………………………………6 2-1-3 硝酸鹽處理技術……………………………………7 2-2 零價鐵處理技術………………………………………………9 2-2-1 零價金屬技術………………………………………9 2-2-2 零價鐵反應機制……………………………………10 2-2-3 中性環境下反應之研究……………………………12 2-2-4 電化學在零價金屬反應系統中之影響……………12 2-3 雙金屬技術…………………………………………………15 2-4 氮氣生成研究………………………………………………17 2-5 催化性雙金屬………………………………………………18 2-6 腐蝕理論……………………………………………………19 第三章 實驗方法及設備……………………………………………21 3-1 實驗設計…………………………………………………21 3-2 材料製備…………………………………………………22 3-2-1 銅鐵雙金屬製備………………………………22 3-2-2 催化性雙金屬製備……………………………24 3-3 批次實驗…………………………………………………25 3-3-1 pH最佳試驗……………………………………25 3-3-2 零價鐵與銅鐵雙金屬動力實驗………………25 3-3-3 最佳貴金屬試驗………………………………26 3-3-4 催化性雙金屬動力實驗………………………26 3-3-5 溫度干擾動力實驗……………………………27 3-3-6 水中陰離子干擾動力實驗……………………27 3-3-7 氣相還原………………………………………27 3-3-8 氮氣試驗………………………………………28 3-4 氣相層析儀………………………………………………29 3-5 離子層析儀………………………………………………31 3-6 分光光度計………………………………………………33 3-7 表面分析…………………………………………………35 3-7-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡……………………………35 3-7-2 比表面積………………………………………36 3-7-3 恆定電位電流儀………………………………38 第四章 結果與討論 4-1 材料製備……………………………………………………40 4-1-1 銅鐵雙金屬…………………………………………40 4-1-2 催化性雙金屬………………………………………42 4-2 動力實驗……………………………………………………45 4-2-1 零價鐵與銅鐵雙金屬動力實驗……………………45 4-2-2 催化性雙金屬動力實驗……………………………51 4-3 溫度反應動力及產物分析…………………………………57 4-4 水中陰離子干擾……………………………………………63 4-4-1 ㄧ價陰離子…………………………………………63 4-4-2 二價陰離子…………………………………………67 4-4-3 三價陰離子…………………………………………70 4-4-4 綜合討論……………………………………………73 4-5 氮氣試驗……………………………………………………76 4-6 表面分析……………………………………………………78 4-6-1 SEM表面分析………………………………………78 4-6-2 Tafel表面腐蝕分析………………………………86 第五章 結論與建議 5-1 結論…………………………………………………………91 5-2 建議…………………………………………………………94 參考文獻………………………………………………………………95 附錄…………………………………………………………………A-1 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 催化性雙金屬還原水中硝酸鹽之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Reduction of Nitrate by Catalytic Bimetallic Particles | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 94-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 馬鴻文(Hung-Wen Ma),胡景堯(Ching-Yao Hu) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 硝酸鹽,零價鐵,催化性雙金屬,氮氣, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | nitrate,zero-valent iron,catalytic bimetal,nitrogen, | en |
dc.relation.page | 97 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2006-07-12 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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