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標題: | 溴離子在預臭氧處理程序中對消毒副產物生成影響 Effect of Bromide on DBP Formation During Pre-ozonation Process |
作者: | Hung-Tse Liu 劉鴻擇 |
指導教授: | 蔣本基 |
關鍵字: | 臭氧化處理程序,溴酸鹽,溴酸鹽預測模式,消毒副產物生成潛勢,三鹵甲烷,鹵乙酸類, ozonation,bromate,bromate formation model,DBPFP,TH,HAA, |
出版年 : | 2006 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 摘要
本研究的目的在於評估溴離子與氨氮濃度在臭氧處理程序中對於溴酸鹽生成的影響,進而在加氯消毒處理程序中評估溴離子濃度對於含溴物種的三鹵甲烷(THM)及鹵乙酸類(HAA)生成影響。在臭氧處理程序中,根據溴酸鹽的生成進行溴酸鹽模式預測的推導,並建立最小化溴酸鹽生成的操作方針。 本研究實驗操作可分為以下兩個階段:第一階段為臭氧處理程序,針對臭氧實驗中,溴離子、氨氮、總有機碳、臭氧濃度以及溴酸鹽生成進行分析並建立溴酸鹽預測模式。第二階段為加氯實驗,對於餘氯量與消毒副產物生成潛勢依實驗時間的不同(1、3、6、24、48、168 小時)進行取樣與分析。 研究結果顯示,利用因子分析方法對於澄清湖水質資料分析中,溴離子與溴酸鹽為分類項目中的一個類別,得知溴酸鹽生成與溴離子存在的關係。在臭氧處理程序中,溴酸鹽的生成隨著溴離子與臭氧反應時間的增加而增加。當水體中存有氨氮時,氨氮與次溴酸(HOBr)的反應會降低溴酸鹽的生成,然而臭氧亦會與氨氮反應生成硝酸鹽(NO3-)。因此,氨氮濃度對於溴酸鹽生成的降低有顯著的影響。在加氯實驗中,溴離子濃度對於含溴物種的三鹵甲烷影響較鹵乙酸類明顯。最後經由溴酸鹽預測模式的建立達到溴酸鹽濃度最小化的操作方針,以求符合臭氧處理程序之最終目標。 關鍵字:臭氧化處理程序;溴酸鹽;溴酸鹽預測模式;消毒副產物生成潛勢;三鹵甲烷;鹵乙酸類 Abstract The objective of this study is intended to assess the effects of bromide and ammonia concentrations on bromate formation and bromide on bromide-containing THMs and HAAs species and to develop the bromate formation model for establishing operation guideline on minimization of bromate formation. The experiment of work in this study can be divided into two stages. In stage 1, ozonation of water sample was conducted to evaluate reduction of bromide, ammonia, TOC, ozone, and the formation of bromate, and development the bromate formation model. In stage 2 chlorination samples were collected at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, and 168 hours, respectively, for residual chlorine, THMs, and HAAs analyses. The result of Factor analysis reveals that the group of bromide and bromate is one of the principal components for source water quality parameters at Cheng-Chin Lake. The bromate formation concentration increases with increasing reacting time between ozone and bromide. In principle, in the presence of ammonia, the bromate formation can be reduced due to the reaction of hypobromous acid with ammonia. Since the ammonia can react with ozone to form nitrate, the fraction of the ammonia attributed to reduce the bromate formation in ozonation should be identified. In chlorination process, the effect of bromide concentration on the distribution of bromide-containing THMs species is more significant than that effect on bromide-containing HAAs species. Finally, an integrated bromate formation model was developed and can be utilized as an operation guideline for minimization of bromate formation in the course of ozonation. CE Database subject headings: ozonation, bromate, bromate formation model, DBPFP, THM, HAA |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/32843 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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