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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 葉德銘(Der-Ming Yeh) | |
dc.contributor.author | Yi-Ching Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳怡靜 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T04:15:40Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2008-03-28 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2006-07-27 | |
dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2006-07-24 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻 (References)
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/32791 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 摘要 (Abstract)
本論文研究溫度、遮陰、氮鉀肥濃度及儲運對盆菊[Dendranthema ×grandiflora (Ramat.) Kitamura]母本及插穗生長之影響。盆菊‘紅顏’生長於30/25℃、25/20℃及20/15℃,分別配合8、16及24 mM氮。30/25℃處理者母本生長勢較差,插穗莖基部亦較硬,且氮濃度對母本生長勢並無顯著差異,顯示30/25℃為母本生長之限制因子。然而30/25℃下配合施用16或24 mM氮處理者,其根數及根長均較施用8 mM氮者高。 於秋冬季以未遮陰及遮陰40%,分別配合8、16及24 mM氮處理對盆菊‘止光’試驗。結果顯示秋冬季遮陰40%為母本生長之限制因子。未遮陰處理,配合24 mM則有最佳發根表現。母本葉片氮濃度與插穗發根乾重呈正相關,而母本葉片澱粉濃度隨著葉片氮濃度由3.6%增加至4.6%時有降低現象,自3.6%增加至5.2%時,蔗糖:澱粉比例則有上升現象。 以16及24 mM氮,配合2、5及8 mM鉀處理對盆菊‘伊利登’及‘千禧’試驗,觀察插穗生長及發根表現,並以未施肥處理者為對照組。未施肥處理者,‘伊利登’及‘千禧’品種插穗產量較低,而插穗整體發根表現以24 mM氮配合8 mM鉀處理者較佳。‘伊利登’品種母本葉片氮濃度增加時,插穗根乾重亦有增加現象,且母本葉片澱粉濃度隨著葉片氮濃度自2.8%增加至4.1%時而降低,而蔗糖:澱粉比例則上升。 ‘綠丸’及‘孔雀’品種插穗於5℃黑暗儲藏0-21天,以儲藏8、12天者,發根表現較未儲藏者佳,而‘綠丸’於儲藏2、4天時,發根表現有下降情形,但‘孔雀’則以儲藏2天後,根長及根乾重較未儲藏者佳,且於儲藏12天者發根表現最佳。 以16及24 mM氮配合2及5 mM鉀,並以未施肥處理者為對照組,對盆菊‘紅顏’試驗,觀察其母本生長表現,並於取穗後,將插穗以5℃冷藏0、4及12天,而後扦插觀察其發根表現。未施肥處理者,母本株高、莖基部直徑及葉面積表現均不佳,且地上部:地下部比例較低。低溫儲藏後,澱粉及蔗糖濃度有下降情形,而葡萄糖及果糖濃度上升。24 mM氮處理者,插穗初始碳水化合物均較低,且儲藏過後澱粉濃度下降較劇烈,但儲藏12天後,以24 mM氮處理者,果糖濃度較高,而5 mM鉀處理者,儲藏12天後,葡萄糖及果糖濃度較2 mM鉀處理者高。未儲藏處理者,插穗發根表現以24 mM氮較16 mM氮處理者為佳,但儲藏4天後,5 mM鉀較2 mM鉀處理者,有較佳發根表現,然而儲藏12天後,發根表現均不佳。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Summary
Effects of growth temperature, shading level, nitrogen and potassium supply concentration, and storage were studied on growth of pot mum [Dendranthema ×grandiflora (Ramat.) Kitamura]. To evaluate effects of nitrogen supply concentrations and temperature on growth, plants of ‘Blush’ were grown at three different day/night temperatures of 30/25℃, 25/20℃, and 20/15℃ and with 8, 16, and 24 mM nitrogen supply. Poor growth performance of stocks and stem hardness of cuttings were recorded in plants at 30/25℃ regardless of nitrogen supply concentration. High temperature at 30/25℃ appeared a limiting factor of stock growth. However, more root number and root length of cuttings were measured in plants at 30/25℃ with 16 and 24 mM nitrogen supply than at 8 mM nitrogen supply. To evaluate effects of nitrogen supply concentrations and shading level on growth, plants of ‘Stoplight’ were grown at 0% or 40% shadings with 8, 16, and 24 mM nitrogen supply during autumn and winter. Stocks at 40% shading exhibited in poor growth regardless of nitrogen supply concentrations, indicating low light intensity a limiting factor of stock growth during autumn and winter. Better rooting performance was recorded in cuttings at 40% shading with 16 mM nitrogen, or 0% shade with 24 mM nitrogen. Root dry weight of cuttings and stem and leaf sucrose: starch ratio increased, while leaf starch concentration decreased, with increasing leaf nitrogen concentration in stock plants. To evaluate effects of nitrogen and potassium supply concentrations on growth and rooting of cuttings, plants of ‘Iridon’ and ‘Millennium’ were grown at 16 and 24 mM nitrogen combined with 2, 5, and 8 mM potassium. Minimum cutting yield was recorded in no fertilizer treatment. Maximum rooting was found in cuttings at 24 mM nitrogen with 8 mM potassium. Root dry weight, sucrose: starch ratio increased, while leaf starch concentration decreased, with increasing leaf nitrogen concentration in ‘Iridon’ stock plants. To evaluate effects of the days of storage on rooting performance of cuttings, the cuttings of ‘Midorimaru’ and ‘Peacock’ were stored at 5℃ for 0 to 21 days in the dark. Rooting was improved in cuttings after stored for 8 and 12 days. To evaluated the effects of nitrogen and potassium supply concentration on stock growth, plants of ‘Blush’ were supplied with 16 and 24 mM nitrogen with 2 and 5 mM potassium. Cuttings were harvested on five occasions from all individual plots, and then stored at 5℃ for 0, 4, and 12 days in the dark. No fertilization decreased growth of stock and shoot: root ratio. Storage decreased starch and sucrose concentrations and increased glucose and fructose concentrations. Lower initial sugar levels were found in the cuttings that had been collected from the 24 mM nitrogen, and starch concentration decreased more rapidly after storage. However, higher fructose concentration was measured in the cuttings that had been colleted from the 24 mM nitrogen after stored for 12 days. After stored for 12 days, higher glucose and fructose concentrations were found in cuttings at 5 mM potassium. Rooting was measured in unstored cuttings at 24 mM nitrogen. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T04:15:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-95-R93628123-1.pdf: 483560 bytes, checksum: e0a19efaffd575d6d3f93aaa63028fe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 內容目錄
前言 (Introduction)…………………………………………………………………...1 前人研究 (Literature Review)………………………………………………………..3 一、氮鉀肥對氮及碳水化合物代謝與運移之影響……………………………..3 (一) 氮及碳水化合物代謝……………………………………………………3 (二) 碳水化合物運移…………………………………………………………4 二、作物栽培環境對其肥料利用之影響………………………………………..5 (一) 溫度……………………………………………………………………...5 (二) 光度……………………………………………………………………...6 (三) 介質……………………………………………………………………...6 三、儲運對觀賞作物插穗生理變化之影響……………………………………..7 (一) 蒸散作用、呼吸作用與光合作用………………………………………7 (二) 碳水化合物……………………………………………………………...7 (三) 其他生理變化…………………………………………………………...8 四、母本氮肥施用對觀賞作物插穗儲運之影響………………………………..9 (一) 組織中氮濃度及碳水化合物……………………………………………9 (二) 發根表現……………………………………………………………….11 (三) 其他生理變化………………………………………………………….12 材料與方法 (Materials and Methods)………………………………………………14 一、植物材料 (Plant materials)………………………………………………....14 二、試驗場地 (Experimental places)……………………………………………14 (一) 人工氣候室…………………………………………………………….14 (二) 台灣大學園藝分場溫室……………………………………………….14 (三) 儲藏庫………………………………………………………………….14 (四) 育苗室………………………………………………………………….14 (五) 扦插床………………………………………………………………….15 三、栽培管理 (Cultural management)………………………………………….15 (一) 母本管理……………………………………………………………….15 (二) 扦插方法……………………………………………………………….15 (三) 儲藏方法……………………………………………………………….16 四、試驗設計 (Experimental design)……………………………………………16 (一) 生長溫度與氮肥濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本及插穗生長之影響………..16 (二) 遮陰程度及氮肥濃度對盆菊‘止光’母本及插穗生長之影響………..17 (三) 氮鉀肥濃度對盆菊母本及插穗生長之影響………………………….18 (四) 儲藏時間對盆菊插穗發根之影響…………………………………….19 (五) 氮鉀肥濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本生長及插穗儲運之影響……………..20 五、調查項目與方法 (Measuring parameters and methods)……………………22 (一) 株高與主莖下葉片數………………………………………………….22 (二) 葉綠素計讀值………………………………………………………….22 (三) 葉厚度及葉面積……………………………………………………….22 (四) 插穗莖部直徑及硬度………………………………………………….22 (五) 鮮重及乾重…………………………………………………………….22 (六) 根數及根長…………………………………………………………….23 (七) 巨量元素分析方法…………………………………………………….23 (八) 碳水化合物分析方法………………………………………………….23 (九) 介質EC值與pH值取樣及測量方法…………………………………25 (十) 取穗標準及產量……………………………………………………….25 (十一) 插穗葉片數………………………………………………………….25 (十二) 葉比重及根比重…………………………………………………….25 (十三) 葉片硝酸態氮分析方法…………………………………………….26 六、氣象資料 (whether information)……………………………………………26 七、統計分析 (Statistical analysis)……………………………………………...26 結果 (Results)……………………………………………………………………….29 一、生長溫度與氮肥濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本及插穗生長之影響……………...29 (一) 母本生長表現……………………………………………………..........29 (二) 插穗生長及發根表現…………………………………………………..29 (三) 母本葉片巨量元素濃度………………………………………………..29 (四) 母本莖葉碳水化合物濃度……………………………………………..30 二、遮陰程度及氮肥濃度對盆菊‘止光’母本及插穗生長之影響…………….30 (一) 母本生長表現…………………………………………………………..31 (二) 插穗生長及發根表現…………………………………………………..31 (三) 母本葉片巨量元素濃度………………………………………………..31 (四) 母本莖葉碳水化合物濃度……………………………………………..31 (五) 母本葉片氮濃度與碳水化合物、插穗發根之關係……………………32 三、氮鉀肥濃度對盆菊母本及插穗生長之影響……………………………….32 (一) ‘伊利登’品種……...…………………………………………………….33 (二) ‘千禧’品種……………………………………………………………....34 四、儲藏時間對盆菊插穗發根之影響………………………………………....36 (一) ‘綠丸’品種………………………………………………………………36 (二) ‘孔雀’品種………………………………………………………………37 五、氮鉀肥濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本生長及插穗儲運之影響…………………...37 (一) 母本生長表現、硝酸態氮、巨量元素及碳水化合物變化…………….37 (二) 插穗儲藏對其碳水化合物及發根之影響……………………………..39 討論(Discussion)………………………………………………………………….…67 一、生長溫度與氮肥濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本及插穗生長之影響……………..67 (一) 母本生長表現…………………………………………………………..67 (二) 插穗生長及發根表現…………………………………………………..67 (三) 母本葉片巨量元素濃度………………………………………………..68 (四) 母本莖葉碳水化合物濃度……………………………………………..69 二、遮陰程度及氮肥濃度對盆菊‘止光’母本及插穗生長之影響……………..69 (一) 母本生長表現…………………………………………………………..70 (二) 插穗生長與發根表現…………………………………………………..70 (三) 母本葉片巨量元素濃度………………………………………………..71 (四) 母本莖葉碳水化合物濃度……………………………………………..71 (五) 母本葉片氮濃度與碳水化合物、插穗發根之關係……………………72 三、氮鉀肥濃度對盆菊母本及插穗生長之影響……………………………….72 (一) 介質EC及pH值……………………………………………………....73 (二) 插穗生長與發根表現…………………………………………………..73 (三) 母本葉片巨量元素濃度………………………………………………..74 (四) 母本葉片碳水化合物濃度……………………………………………..75 (五) 母本葉片碳水化合物、氮濃度及插穗發根之關係.…………………..76 四、儲藏時間對盆菊插穗發根之影響…………………….…………………....76 五、氮鉀肥濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本生長及插穗儲運之影響.…………………..77 (一) 介質之EC值及pH值…………………………………………………77 (二) 母本生長表現………………………………………………………….78 (三) 母本葉片硝酸態氮濃度……………………………………………….78 (四) 母本葉片巨量元素濃度……………………………………………….79 (五) 母本各器官碳水化合物分布………………………………………….79 (六) 插穗儲藏對其碳水化合物及發根之影響…………………………….81 結論(Conclusion)…………………………………………………………………….83 摘要(Abstract)…………………………………………………………………….…84 Summary……………………………………………………………………..………86 參考文獻 (References)……………………………………………………………...88 附錄 (Appendix)…………………………………………………………………….98 表目錄 表1. 試驗一與二修正之強生氏之氮素濃度養液配方……………………………27 表2. 試驗三修正之強生氏營養液主要元素組成份………………………………27 表3. 試驗五修正之強生氏營養液主要元素組成份………………………………28 表4. 母本生長溫度及氮濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’品種生長之影響…………………….42 表5. 母本生長溫度與氮濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’插穗莖直徑及硬度之影響………….42 表6. 母本生長溫度與氮濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’插穗扦插10天後地上部乾重及發根之影響......…………………………………………………………………..…….44 表7. 母本生長溫度及氮濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’葉片巨量元素濃度之影響………….44 表8. 母本生長溫度及氮濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本莖葉碳水化合物濃度之影響….45 表9. 母本生長溫度及氮濃度對‘紅顏’菊花葉片可溶性糖濃度(TS)與還原糖濃度(RS)、蔗糖:澱粉、可溶性糖:澱粉及還原糖:澱粉比例之影響………45 表10. 母本遮陰及氮濃度對盆菊‘止光’品種生長之影響………………………...46 表11. 母本遮陰與氮濃度對盆菊‘止光’插穗生長之影響………………………...46 表12. 母本遮陰與氮濃度對盆菊‘止光’插穗扦插10天後地上部乾重與發根之影響……………………………………………………………………………..48 表13. 母本遮陰及氮濃度對盆菊‘止光’葉片巨量元素濃度之影響……………...48 表14. 母本遮陰及氮濃度對盆菊‘止光’莖葉碳水化合物濃度之影響……...……49 表15. 母本遮陰及氮濃度對‘止光’菊花葉片可溶性糖濃度(TS)與還原糖濃度(RS)、蔗糖:澱粉、可溶性糖:澱粉及還原糖:澱粉比例之影響………….49 表16. 盆菊‘伊利登’試驗三期間之介質EC值及pH值………………………….51 表17. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘伊利登’菊花插穗生長之影響……………………...51 表18. 母本氮鉀濃度對‘伊利登’菊花插穗扦插18天後地上部生長及發根之影響 ………………………………………………………………………………..52 表19. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘伊利登’菊花葉片巨量元素濃度之影響…………...52 表20. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘伊利登’菊花葉片碳水化合物濃度之影響………...53 表21. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘伊利登’菊花葉片可溶性糖濃度(TS)與還原糖濃度(RS)、蔗糖:澱粉、可溶性糖:澱粉及還原糖:澱粉比例之影響……..53 表22. 盆菊‘千禧’試驗三期間之介質EC值及pH值……………………………..55 表23 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘千禧’菊花插穗生長之影響…………………………55 表24. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘千禧’菊花插穗扦插18天後發根之影響………….56 表25. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘千禧’菊花葉片巨量元素濃度之影響……………...56 表26. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘千禧’菊花葉片碳水化合物濃度之影響…………...57 表27. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對‘千禧’菊花葉片可溶性糖濃度(TS)與還原糖濃度(RS)、蔗糖:澱粉、可溶性糖:澱粉及還原糖:澱粉比例之影響………57 表28. 盆菊‘紅顏’於試驗五期間之介質EC及pH值…………………………….59 表29. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本生長之影響………………………...60 表30. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’地上部與地下部比例、葉重比及根重比之影響…………………………………………………………………………..60 表31. 母本施用氮鉀濃度於定植後20及40天對盆菊‘紅顏’母本葉片硝酸態氮濃度之影響……………………………………………………………………..61 表32. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本葉片巨量元素濃度之影響………...62 表33. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本根、莖與葉澱粉濃度之影響……….63 表34. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本根、莖與葉蔗糖濃度之影響……….63 表35. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本根、莖與葉葡萄糖之影響………….64 表36. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本根、莖與葉果糖之影響…………….64 表37. 母本施用氮鉀濃度與插穗低溫儲藏對盆菊‘紅顏’插穗碳水化合物之變方分析…………………………………………………………………………..65 表38. 母本施用母本氮鉀肥濃度及插穗低溫儲藏對盆菊‘紅顏’插穗扦插12天後發根及生長之影響…………………………………………………………..66 圖目錄 圖1. 母本生長溫度與氮濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’品種生長之影響…………………….43 圖2. 母本遮陰與氮濃度對盆菊‘止光’母本生長之影響………………………….47 圖3. 盆菊‘止光’母本葉片氮濃度對插穗根乾重、母本葉片澱粉及蔗糖:澱粉比例之關係………………………………………………………………………50 圖4. 盆菊‘伊利登’母本葉片氮濃度對插穗根乾重、母本葉片澱粉及蔗糖:澱粉比例之關係…………………………………………………………………….54 圖5. 插穗儲藏時間對盆菊‘綠丸’插穗扦插10天後發根之影響…………………58 圖6. 插穗儲藏時間對盆菊‘孔雀’插穗扦插10天後發根之影響…………………59 圖7. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本生長表現之影響…………………….61 圖8. 母本施用氮鉀濃度對盆菊‘紅顏’母本葉片氮濃度與硝酸態氮濃度之相關性 ……………………………………………………………………………62 圖9. 母本施用氮鉀濃度與插穗低溫儲藏對盆菊‘紅顏’插穗碳水化合物之影響.65 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 溫度、遮陰、氮鉀肥及儲運對盆菊母本生長及插穗發根之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Effects of Temperature, Shading, Nitrogen and Potassium,
and Storage on Growth and rooting of Dendranthema ×grandiflora Stock and Cuttings | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 94-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李哖(Nean Lee),鍾仁賜(Ren-Shih Chung),張育森(Yu-Sen Chang) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 盆菊,氮肥,鉀肥,儲藏,碳水化合物, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | pot mum,nitrogen nutrition,potassium nutrition,storage,carbohydrate, | en |
dc.relation.page | 100 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2006-07-25 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 園藝學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 園藝暨景觀學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
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ntu-95-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 472.23 kB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。