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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 理學院
  3. 物理學系
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/31813
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位值語言
dc.contributor.advisor張慶瑞
dc.contributor.authorJun-Yang Laien
dc.contributor.author賴俊陽zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-13T03:20:58Z-
dc.date.available2011-08-01
dc.date.copyright2006-08-01
dc.date.issued2006
dc.date.submitted2006-07-28
dc.identifier.citationChapter 1
Reference
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[7] For a review on the properties of ultrathin films and multilayers see “Ultrathin Magnetic Structure” I, II, edited by B. Heinrich, and J. A. C. Bland, Spinger-Verlag, Berlin (1994)
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[9] Schwee, L. J., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 8, 405 (1972)
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[12] Lu, P. L., and S.H. Charap, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 31, 2767 (1995)
M. M. Schwickert, K. A. Hannible, M. F. Toney, M. E. Best, J. U. Thiele, L. Folks and D. Weller, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 6959 (2000).
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[17] E. D. Dahlberg and J.-G. Zhu, Physics Today, 48, 34 (1995).
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[19] K. Ounadjela, M. Hehn and R. Ferre, “Domain confinement in Mesoscopic eptitaxial cobalt patches”, in “Magnetic hysteresis in novel magnetic materials”, edited by G. Hadjipanayis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 485 (1997).
[20] A. Hubert and R. Schafer, “Magnetic domains”, Springer, Berlin, (1998).
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Chapter 2
References
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[11] J. L. Erskine, E. A. Stern: Magneto-optic Kerr effect in Ni, Co, and Fe, Phys. Rev. Lett. 30, 1329-1332 (1973)
2919 (1992)
[12] M. Sparks, Ferromagnetic Relaxation Theory (McGraw-Hill, New York 1964)
[13]H. Suhl: Theory of the magnetic damping constant, IEEE Trans. Magn. 34, 1834 (1998)
[14]A. G. Gurevich, G. A. Melkov: Magnetization Oscillations and Waves (CRC Press, Boca Rotan. 1996)
Chapter 3
References
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[2] Y. Ochiai, M. Baba, H. Watanabe, and S. Matsui, Japan J. Appl. Phys. 30, 3266 (1991).
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[6] C. Miramond, C. Fermon, F. Rousseaux, D. Decanini, and F. Carcenac, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 165, 500 (1997).
[7] P. Vavassori, O. Donzelli, V. 11etlushko, M. Grimsditch, B. Hic, P. Neuzil, and R. Kumar, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 999 (2000).
[8] M. Demand, M. Hehn, K. Ounadjela, R. L. Stamps, E. Cambril, A. Cornette, and F. Rousseaux, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 5111 (2000).
[9] A. Hirohata, H. T. Leung, Y. B. Xu, C. C. Yao, W. Y. Lee, J. A. C. Bland, and S. N. Holmes, IEEE Trans. Magn. 35, 3886 (1999).
[10] O. Fruchart, J. P. Nozieres, W. vVernsdorfer, D. Givord, F. Rousseaux, and D. Decanini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1305 (1999).
[11] J. P. Jamet, S. Lemerle, P. Meyer, J. Ferre, B. Bartenlian, N. Bardou, C. Chappert, P. Veillet, F. Rousseaux, D. Decaniniand, and H. Launois,
Phys. Rev. B 57, 14320 (1998).
[12] Binnig, G., H. Rohrer, Ch. Gerber, and E. Weibel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 57 (1982)
[13] Binnig, G., C. F. Quate, and Ch. Gerber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 930 (1986)
[14] Martin, Y., and H. K. Wickramasinghe, Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 1455 (1987)
[15] Y. Martin and H. K Wickramasinghe, Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 1455 (1987); R. Allenspach, H. Salemik, A. Bischof, and E. Weibel, Z. Phys. B 67, 125 (1987); J. J. Saenz, N. Garcia, P. Griitter, E. Meyer, H. Heinzelmann, R. Wiesendanger, L. Rosenthaler, and H.-J. Güntherodt, J. Appl. Phys. 62, 4293 (1987).
[16] Q. Zhong, D. Inniss, K. Kjoller, and V. B. Elings, Surf. Sci. 290, L688 (1993).
[17] P. Grütter, H. J. Mamin, and D. Rugar, in “Scanning Tunneling Mic-
roscopy II” (R. Wiesendanger and H.-J. Güntherodt, Eds.), p. 151. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992.
[18] G. A. Gibson, J. F.Smyth, S. Schultz,and D. P.Kern, IEEE Trans.Magn. 27,5187(1991);T. Chang, J.-G.Zhu, and J.H.Judy, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 6716 (1993).
Chapter 4
References
[1] P. R. Krauss, P. B. Fischer, and S. Y. Chou, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 12,3639 (1994).
[2] G.A. Prinz, Science 282, 1660(1998).
[3] S. A. Wolf et al., Science 294, 1488 (2001).
[4] Jing Shi, S. Tehrani, T. Zhu, Y.F. Zheng, and J.-G. Zhu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 2525 (1999).
[5] K.J. Kirk, J.N. Chapman, and C.D.W. Wilkinson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 539(1997)
[6] K.J. Kirk, M.R. Scheinfein, J.N. Chapman, S. McVitie, M.F. Gillies, B.R. Ward, and J.G. Tennant, J. Phys. D 34, 160 (2001).
[7]N.A. Usov, C.R. Chang,and Z.H. Wei, Phys.Rev.B.66,184431(2002).
[8] N.A. Usov, Ching-Ray Chang, and Zung-Hang Wei, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 7591 (2001).
[9] W. F. Brown, Phys. Rev. 105, 1479 (1957).
[10] E. H. Frei, S. Shtrilanan, and D. Treves, Phys. Rev. 106, 446 (1957).
[11] Mei-Feng Lai, Zung-Hang Wei, Ching-Ray Chang, J. C. Wu, J. H. Kuo, and Jun-Yang Lai, Phys. Rev. B 67, 104419 (2003).
[12]S. S. P. Parkin, K. P. Roche, M. G. Samant, P. M. Rice, R. B. Beyers, R.E. Scheuerlein, E. J. O’Sullivan, S. L. Brown, J. Buccigano, D. W. Abraham,Y. Lu, M. Rooks, P. L. Trouilloud, R. A. Wanner, and W. J. Gallagher,J. Appl. Phys. 85, 5828 (1999).
[13]A.Aharoni,”Introduction to the Theory of Ferromagnetism” (The International Series of Monographs on Physics ,New York 1996).
[14]Brown,W.F.Jr,J.Appl.Phys. 30 ,62S-9S(1959)
[15]Aharoni A,Rev.Mod.Phys.34,227(1962).
[16]M.F.Lai doctor thesis (2005).
Chapter 5
References
[1] S. Y. Chou, P. R. Krauss, and L. Kong, J. Appl. Phys. 79, 6101 (1996).
[2] K. J. Kirk, J. N. Chapman, S. McVitie, P. R. Atchison, and C. D. W.
Wilkinson, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 5105 (2000).
[3] R. P. Cowburn, D. K. Koltsov, A. O. Adeyeye, M. E. Welland, and D. M. Tricker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1042 (1999).
[4] M. Schneider and H. Hoffmann, J. Appl. Phys. 86, 4539 (1999).
[5]R. Mattheis, D. Berkov, and N. Gorn, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 198–199,
216 (1999).
[6]A. Fernandez, M. R. Gibbons, M. A. Wall, and C. J. Cerjan, J. Magn.
Magn. Mater. 190, 71 (1998).
[7]P. Vavassori, O. Donzelli, V. Metlushko, M. Grimsditch, B. Ilic, P. Neusil, and R. Kumar, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 999 (2000).
[8]J. I. Martin, J. L. Vicent, J. V. Anguita, and F. Briones, J. Magn. Magn.
Mater. 203, 156 (1999).
[9]K. Y. Guslienko, V. Novosad, Y. Otani, H. Shima, and K. Fukamichi,
Phys. Rev. B 65, 024414 (2001).
[10]M. Natali, I. L. Prejbeanu, A. Lebib, L. D. Buda, K. Ounadjela, and Y.
Chen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 157203 (2002).
[11]X. Zhu, P. Grutter, V. Metlushko, and B. Ilic, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4789 (2002).
Chapter 6
References
[1] R. P. Cowburn, A. O. Adeyeye, and J. A. C. Bland, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 70, pp. 2309–2311, 1997.
[2] P. Vavassori, G. Gubbiotti, G. Zangari, C. T. Yu, H. Yin, H. Jiang, and G. J. Mankey, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 91, pp. 7992–7994, 2002.
[3] J.-G. Zhu and H. Fang, IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 1609–1611, Jul. 1998.
[4] L. Torres, L. Lopez-Diaz, and J. Iniguez, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 73, pp. 3766–3768, 1998.
[5] N. A. Usov and S. E. Peschany, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., vol. 130, pp. 275–287, 1994.
[6] I. A. Campbell and A. Fert, Ferromagnetic Materials, E. P. Wohlfarth, Ed. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: North-Holland, 1980, vol. 2.
[7] E. D. Boerner, H. N. Bertram, and H. Suhl, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 87, no. 9, pp. 5389–5391, 2000.
dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/31813-
dc.description.abstractIn this thesis, we investigate the metastable state and magnetization processes of Permalloy thin film by means of numerical micromagnetic simulation and experiment. Besides, we study the effect of interparticle dipole interaction on Permalloy thin film arrays.
A metastable state for the elongated permalloy elements is found to exist within a short field range before magnetization reversal. From the micromagnetic simulation it exhibits a wave-like structure, and the corresponding magnetic pole density distribution shows a pattern with periodic spots along the boundary. We also use magnetic force microscopy imaging and magnetoresistance measurement, which measures the nucleation field and coercive field, to study the non-coherent magnetization reversal properties of Permalloy ellipse. The metastable state before switching is found to be repeatable.
The magnetic structures and hysteresis loops of permalloy thin film arrays are investigated here using magnetic force microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The strength of interparticle dipole interaction can be revealed by the number of single-domain pairs with antiparallel magnetizations when the array is relaxed from a strong hard-axis field. Besides, hysteresis loops obtained by vibrating sample magnetometer measurements show that arrays with narrower interparticle spacings have lower coercivities and remanences. The results obtained from vibrating sample magnetometer are in very good agreement with magnetic force microscopy imaging.
In the research on magnetic thin films with special geometries, we investigate the possible equilibrium states existing in the square network composed of four-arm junctions. Our result shows that different magnetization states in the junctions can be classified by counting the net magnetic pole densities accumulated over there. The pattern which has higher energy density, is for the first time observed experimentally in the square network. This provides a promising chance to use Permalloy network junctions as bit ultrahigh-density storage media.
en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T03:20:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
ntu-95-D90222008-1.pdf: 4119279 bytes, checksum: 01a944a5dca6e62f1bb95cf660d4c0ab (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2006
en
dc.description.tableofcontentsAbstract i
Contents iii
List of Figures
vi
1 Introduction
1
References
7

2 Review of theoretical fundamental to magnetic materials 9
2.1 Hamiltonian of the system
9
2.1.1 Exchange energy 10
2.1.2 Magnetostatic energy 11
2.1.3 Anisotropy energy 12
2.1.4 Zeeman energy 13
2.2 Brown's static equilibrium condition
13
2.3 Theoretical studies of the magnetization reversal of a single domain particle
15
2.3.1 Stoner-Wohlfarth model: coherent rotation
15
2.3.2 Nucleation problem 20
2.4 Micromagnetic simulation 24
References 28
3 Sample fabrication and experimental techniques
30
3.1 Electron beam lithography
31
3.2 Vibrating sample magnetometer 37
3.3 Magnetic force microscopy 39
3.4 Magnetoresistance measurement 45
References
47

4 Planar buckling metastable state before magnetization reversal in elongated permalloy thin films
49
4.1 Metastable state before magnetization reversal in single-domain elongated thin films
49
4.1.1 Introduction
49
4.1.2 Background
50
4.1.3 Micromagnetic simulation
51
4.1.4 Sample preparation and experiments 55
4.1.5 Results and discussion
57
4.2 Ab Initio studies of magnetization reversal via planar buckling mode
62
References 79
5 Magnetic properties of periodic permalloy elliptical arrays
81
5.1 Interparticle spacing dependence of magnetization reversal properties on permalloy thin film arrays
81
5.1.1 Introduction
81
5.1.2 Experimental method
81
5.1.3 Results and discussion
84
5.1.4 Summary
88
5.2 Angular dependence of magnetization reversal properties on permalloy thin film arrays
89
References
96
6 Micromagnetic states of four-armed square network junctions
97
6.1 Introduction 97
6.2 Simulation method 98
6.3 Experimental method 98
6.4 Results and discussion 99
References
103
7 Conclusion
104
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject軟磁薄膜zh_TW
dc.subject磁化過程zh_TW
dc.subject陣列系統zh_TW
dc.subjectmagnetization reversalen
dc.subjectmicromagnetic simulationen
dc.subjectelectron beam lithographyen
dc.subjectpermalloyen
dc.subjectnetwork junctionen
dc.subjectarrayen
dc.title軟磁薄膜及其陣列系統磁化過程之研究zh_TW
dc.titleMagnetization Processes of Permalloy Thin Films and Its Array Systemsen
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear94-2
dc.description.degree博士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee吳仲卿,許仁華,楊志信,胡崇德
dc.subject.keyword軟磁薄膜,陣列系統,磁化過程,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordpermalloy,electron beam lithography,micromagnetic simulation,magnetization reversal,array,network junction,en
dc.relation.page106
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2006-07-30
dc.contributor.author-college理學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept物理研究所zh_TW
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