無條件選邊？探討不確定感對內隱選邊效應的影響

Abstract

「內隱選邊效應」是指：當人們對陌生團體的成員經過一段時間的記憶後，人們會在記憶後的內隱認知概念中，表現出對該團體的認同與偏好（Greenwald, Pickrell, & Farnham, 2002）。本研究嘗試以不確定感的調節概念探討內隱選邊效應的發生機制。研究一試圖在華人文化的架構下重複驗證內隱選邊效應的存在；研究二則是操弄受試者的不確定感，並探討不確定感對內隱選邊效應的影響。本研究結果發現：(1) 內隱選邊效應可以在華人的文化架構下展現，具有跨文化的穩定性。(2) 不確定感對內隱選邊效應具有調節作用，在高不確定感的狀態下內隱選邊效應相對較強，在低不確定感狀態下則相對減弱。本研究最後對此研究成果進行解釋與討論，並提出未來可能的研究方向。

After spending 45 s studying the names of 4 members of a hypothetical group, participants showed both implicit identification and implicit preference with the group, a finding labeled implicit partisanship (Greenwald, Pickrell, & Farnham, 2002). The current study attempted to explore the mechanism of implicit partisanship, i.e., the moderation of uncertainty. Experiment 1 replicated implicit partisanship effect in Chinese culture. Experimental 2 replicated Experiment 1 and also manipulated participants’ levels of uncertainty. As predicted, high-uncertainty participants showed both implicit identification and implicit preference with the group they spent additional 45 s studying the names of the group members. The low-uncertainty participants, however, showed no implicit partisanship effect. The results suggest that implicit partisanship effect remained stable cross-culturally, and uncertainty level can moderate this effect. Alternative explanation of the results and the restriction of this study are discussed.