被動式太陽能利用之陽光室空調負荷研究－以台大綠房子二樓陽光室為例

Abstract

陽光室為一種在寒帶或溫帶大陸性氣候地區國家常見的被動式太陽能應用在建築設計上的手法，除了透過溫室效應的原理有效減少建築物冬季空調耗能外，也具有許多其他附加價值。但對於亞熱帶地區的台灣來說，由於熱濕氣候條件的不同，陽光室如何適用於台灣建築是一值得探討的問題。在設計時座向與玻璃建材該如何選擇，應是主要的研究課題。本研究是以准入係數法為基礎，利用Ecotect 軟體進行陽光室熱環境數值模擬計算，並在「台大綠房子」建築陽光室中，於不同季節進行實際熱環境測量，以與模擬計算比較。 研究結果顯示1.將實測與模擬結果比對，發現利用准入係數法確能有效模擬陽光室內溫度變化。2.對於室內空調冷負荷量來說，陽光室在夏季白天需透過一些隔排熱設施來有效控制。在冬季低溫造成的影響則不明顯，陽光室仍能發揮貯熱功能。3.在台北的地理位置及氣候條件之下，陽光室一般使用綜合來說最佳的選擇方位應為方位角337.5度之北北西向，而正北向至正西向的範圍內皆為不錯的選擇範圍。

The sunspace is a kind of passive solar design method commonly applied to the architecture in area of the frigid zone or the temperate continental climate zone. Sunspace not only can reduce the cooling load of the building effectively in winter through the greenhouse effects, but also have a lot of other additional value too. But to Taiwan of the subtropical area, because it is the hygrothermal climate, how the sunshine room is suitable for the building of Taiwan is a important question to research. How to choose orientation and glass of the sunspace should be the main subject for research. The numerical simulation utilizes Ecotect software to calculate the temperature of the sunspace of ' N.T.U. Smart Home' by the admittance method as the foundation theory. Besides, the real temperature is obtained by actual measurement method in different seasons, in order to compare with simulation result. The result of research shows 1. After comparing actual measurement with simulation result, the analysis result proves admittance method really can simulate the temperature of the sunspace effectively. 2. For the sunspace cooling load in the daytime of summer, it should be controlled effectively through some of thermal insulated or exhausted facilities. The influence that the low temperature causes is not obvious in winter. The sunspace can still store heat effectively. 3.Under the geographical location and climatic conditions in Taipei, the best orientation of the sunspace is NNW（azimuth 337.5°）, and it is recommended that northward to westward is also good choice range.