某老人住宅用後評估之研究-以北部某安養中心為例

Abstract

本研究主要是運用使用後評估之模式，強調以居住者的意識面，透過實證分析，來探討高齡者對於老人住宅居住環境主觀認知重要程度與使用後滿意度評價間差異之相關因素。 本研究採用結構式問卷調查表做為測量工具，選定安全性、舒適性、隱私性、方便性及辨認性為測量指標，並以使用者人口學屬性作為自變項，依變項則包括三部份：1.個人居住空間規劃、共用服務空間規劃、公共服務空間規劃以及外部服務空間規劃等主觀認知重要程度。2.個人居住空間規劃、共用服務空間規劃、公共服務空間規劃以及外部服務空間規劃等使用後滿意程度評價。3.機構整體服務品質。 研究結果發現： 1.對高齡者而言，老人住宅居住環境各項空間規劃指標的重要程度， 在主觀認知上均認為「安全性」指標對他們是最重要的。 2.高齡者對機構居住環境使用後滿意度評價，在建築內部各空間規劃均以「安全性」指標滿意度最高，在建築外部服務空間規劃則是以「舒適性」指標最高。 3.高齡者對於居住環境空間規劃重要度與滿意度比較，在主觀認知與使用後評價是存有落差的。 4.高齡者「教育程度」、「婚姻狀況」及「居住狀況」對於機構居住環境空間規劃的部份指標評價是有所關連的。 本研究最後根據研究結果，提出建議，以作為日後提供政府或業者建築設計適合高齡者居住環境之老人住宅參考，並期望能對有意日後選擇入住老人住宅安養的老人最大的協助。

Based on the model of post occupancy evaluation, this study puts stress on resident’s consciousness and investigates the correlations of the variation between major subjective perceptions the elderly have toward the living environment of senior housing and their post-occupancy evaluation. The study employed a structural questionnaire as the measuring tool, and safety, comfort, privacy, convenience and legibility were used as the measuring indicators. At the same time, user’s demographic attributes were considered independent variables, whereas dependent variables included three parts namely 1. the significance of subjective perceptions of the planning of individual living space, common area, public service space and external service space, etc. 2. the post-occupancy evaluation for the planning of individual living space, common space, public service space and external service space, etc. 3. the overall service quality of the institute. The following are the findings of the study: 1.In terms of a variety of space planning for the living environment of senior housing, the elderly all subjectively perceived “safety” as the foremost issue for them. 2.In the post-occupancy evaluation of institutional living environments, elderly had the highest satisfaction at the “safety” in the internal space planning, and regarding external building service space planning, “comfort” was the highest index for the elderly. 3.By comparing the significance of the space planning of the living environment with satisfaction degree, there is a gap for the elderly between their subjective perception and post-occupancy evaluation. 4.“Educational background”, “marital status”, and “living status” of the elderly are associated with part of the evaluation indexes for the space planning of institutional living environment. According to the study results, recommendations will be brought up to the government or related trade as a reference for construction and design of fitted senior housing facilities. It is also hoped that the recommendations will offer help to the elderly who plan to move into the elderly center in the future.