國中生作弊的決定因素及其對成績之影響

Abstract

本文利用「台灣教育長期追縱資料庫」的第一波與第二波國中樣本資料,嘗試回答在沒有考試成績必須及格的壓力下,為什麼國中學生仍需要作弊?我們發現國中生雖然在名目上是沒有成績及格的壓力, 實際上高達 77% 的父母親都會要求國中小孩的成績表現,有 70% 的父母親會拿他人的表現來和國中小孩作比較。線性機率迴歸的結果顯示,被要求成績與被拿來和他人作比較相較於沒有要求成績與被比較的國中小孩確實比較可能作弊,其效果約為 5.67% 與 5.14 %。 接著,我們進一步去分析作弊習慣對成績的影響,二階段最小平方法 (2SLS) 的結果顯示,若一位國中生從國一開始一直都有作弊的習慣, 他國三的成績將會下降 7.73 分,這顯示作弊習慣對學生的學習表現確實有負面的影響。

Using the first and second waves of 「Taiwan Educational Panel Survey」 for junior high school students, we try to figure out why students cheat with no obligation to pass. Though we have also find that over 77% parent(s) will require their children perform well in the examinations, while 70\% do compare the grades of their children with those of other's. The linear probability regression shows that the differences of cheating probability between the control group, which their performances are required or compared with others' by their parents, are 5.67% and 5.14% respectively. Furthermore, we analyze the effect of cheating habit on students' long term school achievement. The Two Stage Least Square concludes that students who have a cheating habit will perform 7.73 point below in grades than our comparison group which is no such habit. It suggests that cheating habit a negative effect on students' learning.