國立大學新設體育館建築空間量體需求分析

Abstract

教育部每年皆編列預算提供各國立大學建築物新建工程補助經費，但常有補助經費分配不均的情形；再者，更深層的問題在於，教育部審查委員並無機制審查各校提出之構想書，僅能以經驗法則作為判斷。另一方面，在高教司管轄的二十三所國立大學中，計有十四所大學已興建體育館，五所正在興建中或審查中，四所尚未興建，而十四所已興建體育館的大學中尚有二所在未來三年將再提興建室內體育場館的計劃。基於上述情況，將來必會再度面臨無機制審查各校提出之構想書的情形，實有建立推估模式的必要性，以利教育部能合理分配補助經費，因此本研究將以新設體育館建築空間量體需求分析作為研究之方向。 本研究著眼於體育館的設施重要性分類排序與量體需求。首先，為了區隔不同的空間使用需求，歸納出體育設施與非體育設施兩大類；進而針對其使用特性，細分為必要室內設施與非必要室內設施；再透過對體育室主任及講師級以上之教學與管理人員進行專家訪談及問卷調查評分，以八十分區隔出必要性項目與選擇性項目，最後即可歸納出主要一二三級設施，次要一二三級設施。經由文獻回顧彙整出單一室內體育設施場地之標準場地尺寸及合理活動空間。如此一來，當教育部審查各校所提的構想書時，可根據本研究調查出的設施重要性分類排序，審酌同意設立與否，再配合構想書中審查委員同意之項目數量、本研究彙整之標準場地尺寸，即可推估出體育館的合理量體規模。 雖由上述程序可訂出大學體育館合理量體規模，若能再考慮校方未來體育課開課類型、調查學生運動頻率與習慣、校際代表隊重點發展項目、學生人數增減趨勢、校方在體育方面的發展、方向、特質…等等，即可建構出實際符合該校需求之體育館規模，以達到充份利用空間，節省公帑之量體設計。

The Ministry of Education makes annual budget for national universities to construct new buildings, but it also faces the decreasing and insufficient budget allocation. Moreover, the committee of The Ministry of Education has no mechanism to judge whether the applications proper or not, and only decides by experience. Also, there are no standard rules for the authorities to follow. In addition, this study investigates 23 universities managed by the Department of Higher Education. Fourteen of these universities had built gymnasium, and five of them are under construction or in the application process. The other four universities still have no gymnasiums. Two of twenty-three universities will submit the application for new gymnasium budget. Hence, it exists a problem that there are no rules to judge or realize the proper scale and facilities. It is necessary to build the model to solve the problem. The purpose of this study is to analyze space demand for gymnasium in university. This study focuses on the priority of sport items and space demand for gymnasium. It divides the gymnasium into standard type and compound type. Firstly, sport facilities and non-sport facilities can be divided by the different using behavior. Second, it can be separated into indoors or not form their characteristics. Third, sport facility managers and administrators of physical education office are interviewed in order to divide the facility priority and their essentiality. Finally, it can conclude the major three grades and the minor three grades from those sport facilities. This study collects standard size with feasible activity space from literature review and registrations. This study devotes to propose a mechanism for The Ministry of Education to follow, including the priority, quantity, and feasible activity space for users. According to above procedure, the feasible space demand for gymnasium can be drafted by the principles. The further study can consider the types of classes, user’s number and frequency, the key items of school’s team, and the other related elements. It will construct a practical mechanism that much conforms to the real need of demand and achieves budget saving for the government.