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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 電機資訊學院
  3. 資訊網路與多媒體研究所
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30166
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dc.contributor.advisor郭大維(Tei-Wei Kuo)
dc.contributor.authorChien-Hung Linen
dc.contributor.author林建宏zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-13T01:40:45Z-
dc.date.available2007-07-18
dc.date.copyright2007-07-18
dc.date.issued2007
dc.date.submitted2007-07-12
dc.identifier.citation[1] Z. Paz, 'Alternatives to Using NAND Flash White Paper,' M-Systems, Tech. Rep., August 2003.
[2] R. A. Quinnell, 'Meet Different Needs with NAND and NOR,' TOSHIBA, Tech. Rep., September 2005.
[3] M. Santarini, 'NAND versus NOR,' EDN, Tech. Rep., October 2005.
[4] A. Tal, 'Two Technologies Compared: NOR vs. NAND White Paper,' M-Systems, Tech. Rep., July 2003.
[5] NAND Flash Contract Price, http://www.dramexchange.com/, DRAMeXchange, 03 2007.
[6] 'Flash File System. US Patent 540,448,' in Intel Corporation.
[7] 'FTL Logger Exchanging Data with FTL Systems,' Intel Corporation, Tech. Rep.
[8] 'Flash-memory Translation Layer for NAND flash (NFTL),' M-Systems, 1998.
[9] 'Understanding the Flash Translation Layer (FTL) Speci‾cation, http://developer.intel.com/,' Intel Corporation, Tech. Rep., Dec 1998. [Online]. Available: http://developer.intel.com/
[10] L.-P. Chang and T.-W. Kuo, 'An Adaptive Striping Architecture for Flash Memory Storage Systems of Embedded Systems,' in IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium, 2002, pp. 187-196.
[11]
dc.identifier.citation, 'An Effcient Management Scheme for Large-Scale Flash-Memory Storage Systems,' in ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC), Mar 2004, pp.862-868.
[12] A. Kawaguchi, S. Nishioka, and H. Motoda, 'A Flash-Memory Based File System,' in Proceedings of the 1995 USENIX Technical Conference, Jan 1995, pp. 155-164.
[13] C.-H. Wu and T.-W. Kuo, 'An Adaptive Two-Level Management for the Flash Translation Layer in Embedded Systems,' in IEEE/ACM 2006 International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), November 2006.
[14] Q. Xin, E. L. Miller, T. Schwarz, D. D. Long, S. A. Brandt, and W. Litwin, 'Reliability Mechanisms for Very Large Storage Systems,' in Proceedings of the 20th IEEE / 11th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems
and Technologies (MSS'03), Apr 2003, pp. 146-156.
[15] K. S. Yim, H. Bahn, and K. Koh, 'A Flash Compression Layer for SmartMedia Card Systems,' IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 192-197, Feburary 2004.
[16] 'Flash Cache Memory Puts Robson in the Middle,' Intel.
[17] 'Software Concerns of Implementing a Resident Flash Disk,' Intel Corporation.
[18] 'Windows ReadyDrive and Hybrid Hard Disk Drives,
http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/storage/hybrid.mspx,' Microsoft, Tech. Rep., May 2006.
[19] M. Wu and W. Zwaenepoel, 'eNVy: A Non-Volatile Main Memory Storage System,' in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, 1994, pp. 86-97.
[20] F. Douglis, R. Caceres, F. Kaashoek, K. Li, B. Marsh, and J. Tauber, 'Storage Alternatives for Mobile Computers,' in Proceedings of the USENIX Operating System Design and Implementation, 1994, pp. 25-37.
[21] F. Douglis, P. Krishnan, and B. Marsh, 'Thwarting the power-hungry disk,' in Proceedings of the 1994 Winter USENIX Conference, 1994, pp. 292-306. [Online]. Available: citeseer.ist.psu.edu/douglis94thwarting.html
[22] B. Marsh, F. Douglis, and P. Krishnan, 'Flash Memory File Caching for Mobile Computers,' in Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1994, pp. 451-460.
[23] C. Park, J. Lim, K. Kwon, J. Lee, and S. L. Min, 'Compiler-assisted demand paging for embedded systems with flash memory.' EMSOFT, September 2004.
[24] C. Park, J. Seo, D. Seo, S. Kim, and B. Kim, 'Cost-effcient memory architecture design of nand flash memory embedded systems.' ICCD, 2003.
[25] Y. Joo, Y. Choi, C. Park, S. W. Chung, E.-Y. Chung, and N. Chang, 'Demand Paging for OneNANDTM Flash eXecute-In-Place.' CODES+ISSS, October 2006.
[26] J.-H. Lee, G.-H. Park, and S.-D. Kim, 'A new NAND-type flash memory package with smart buffer system for spatial and temporal localities,' JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE, vol. 51, pp. 111-123, 2004. [Online]. Available: www.elsevier.com/locate/sysarc
[27] C. Park, J.-U. Kang, S.-Y. Park, and J.-S. Kim, 'Energy-aware demand paging on nand flash-based embedded storages.' ISLPED, August 2004.
[28] OneNAND Features and Performance, Samsung Electronics, 11 2005.
[29] KFW8G16Q2M-DEBx 512M x 16bit OneNAND Flash Memory Data Sheet, Samsung Electronics, 09 2006.
[30] P. J. Denning, 'The Working Set Model for Program Behavior,' Communications of the ACM, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 323-333, 1968.
[31] P. J. Denning and S. C. Schwartz, 'Properties of the Working-Set Model,' Communications of the ACM, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 191-198, 1972.
[32] SST39LF040 4K x 8bit SST Flash Memory Data Sheet, Silicon Storage Technology (SST), 2005.
[33] K9F1G08Q0M 128M x 8bit NAND Flash Memory Data Sheet, Samsung Electronics, 2003.
[34] NAND08Gx3C2A 8Gbit Multi-level NAND Flash Memory, STMicroelectronics, 2005.
dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30166-
dc.description.abstract快閃記憶體大致可分為兩類:NOR型快閃記憶體及NAND型快閃記憶體。一般而言,因為有就地執行(eXecute-In-Place,XIP)和快速讀取等特性,NOR型快閃記憶體應用上適用於儲存程式的可執行檔。而擁有較大容量與較快寫入速度的NAND型快閃記憶體則適用於資料儲存。此外,兩者在成本上有很大的差距,NOR型快閃記憶體相對於NAND型快閃記憶體高出許多。基於市場的趨勢,若能以較具經濟效益的NAND型快閃記憶體取代NOR型快閃,將可大幅地降低成本、提升毛利。在這篇論文中,我們於既有的NAND型快閃記憶體中加上一層靜態隨機存取記憶體(SRAM)當作快取,它提供了隨機存取的能力以及較快的存取速度。我們提出了一種預測方法,經由充分地對特定應用程式之存取軌跡的觀察與分析,系統會記憶應用程式的存取行為,讓資料在被實際讀取之前就被傳入快取中。藉著這樣的學習機制能,系統能準確地將執行時所需的資料預先載入,使資料總是在快取中被讀取。因為在嵌入式系統上,資源是很有限的,技術的關鍵在於如何以最少的硬體資源支援預測的資訊。為避免花費額外的記憶體空間,我們利用了NAND型快閃記憶體中的保留區(spare area)來存放預測資訊。論文的最後透過一系列的實驗印證了所提的方法確實可達到高效率且低成本的快閃記憶體管理,我們有效地降低了資料在快取中失誤的可能,進而提升系統的整體效能。特別是針對某些存取模式固定的應用程式,僅須使用極少量的快取便可讓效能有可觀的改善。zh_TW
dc.description.abstractThis work is motivated by a strong market demand in the replacement of NOR flash memory with NAND flash memory to cut down the cost in many embedded-system designs, such as mobile phones. Different from LRU-related caching or buffering studies, we are interested in prediction-based prefetching based on given execution traces of applications. An implementation strategy is proposed in the storage of the prefetching information with limited SRAM and run-time overheads. An efficient prediction procedure is presented based on information extracted from application executions to reduce the performance gap between NAND flash memory and NOR flash memory in reads. With the behavior of a target application extracted from a
set of collected traces, we show that data access over NOR flash memory is responded effectively over SRAM that serves as a cache for NAND flash memory.
en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T01:40:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
ntu-96-R94944003-1.pdf: 1152747 bytes, checksum: 45e481d332e9408a8036aadf6ef062e5 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2007
en
dc.description.tableofcontents1 Introduction 1
2 Flash-Memory Characteristics and Research Motivation 4
3 An E±cient Prediction Mechanism 7
3.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 A Prediction Graph and Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 A Prefetch Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4 Performance Evaluation 15
4.1 Performance Metrics and Experiment Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2 Read Performance and Cache Miss Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.3 Main-memory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.4 Cache Pollution Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 Conclusions 23
Bibliography 24
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject資料快取zh_TW
dc.subjectNAND型zh_TW
dc.subjectNOR型zh_TW
dc.subject快閃記憶體zh_TW
dc.subjectNORen
dc.subjectdata cachingen
dc.subjectflash memoryen
dc.subjectNANDen
dc.titleNAND型快閃記憶體上之NOR型快閃記憶體的模擬策略zh_TW
dc.titleA NOR Emulation Strategy over NAND Flash Memoryen
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear95-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee陳健輝,陳銘憲,林風,郭耀煌
dc.subject.keywordNAND型,NOR型,快閃記憶體,資料快取,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordNAND,NOR,flash memory,data caching,en
dc.relation.page27
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2007-07-12
dc.contributor.author-college電機資訊學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept資訊網路與多媒體研究所zh_TW
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