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標題: | 電漿浸沒式氮離子植入法用於鎳鈦根管器械之研究 Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation of Nitrogen on Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments |
作者: | Wen-Hsin Chang 張文信 |
指導教授: | 林俊彬 |
關鍵字: | 鎳鈦根管銼針,電漿浸沒式離子植入,切削效率,表面硬度,疲勞斷裂,表面處理, NiTi endodontic instrument,Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation,cutting efficiency,surface hardness,cyclic fatigue,surface treatment, |
出版年 : | 2007 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 鎳鈦根管治療銼針經過十餘年的使用與改進,已經廣泛且成功的用於根管治療。然而,不良之切削效率將造成根管修形時間的延長,間接增加銼針斷裂機會,不但限制了器械之使用,鎳鈦根管器械若斷裂更經常導致醫病關係緊張甚至醫療糾紛。因此,增加器械之切削效率,降低根管治療器械在根管內之時間,可減少醫療失誤之發生。本實驗之目的在分析與探討電漿浸沒式離子植入法(Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation, PIII)對於鎳鈦根管治療器械之抗疲勞斷裂性及切削效率之關係。疲勞斷裂實驗使用Quantec® 鎳鈦銼針45枝,分成三組,分別以100% N2,50% N2,做PIII處理,以及外加一組未處理之控制組。之後以ISO 3630-1之標準測試,採用之曲率半徑7.5 mm,曲率角度為60度,進行疲勞斷裂性實驗。疲勞斷裂實驗結果顯示,經過PIII處理之鎳鈦銼針並不會減損抗疲勞斷裂性。切削效率前導實驗依據Dr. Haikel之概念,以銼針同時做線性與旋轉切削,修磨壓克力板,之後測量壓克力板喪失的重量,以評估銼針之切削效率;切削效率前導實驗結果顯示,鎳鈦銼針經過100% N2的PIII處理,切削效率比起控制組有顯著的增加;但以50% N2做PIII處理者,切削效率則無顯著差異;以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察,經PIII處理之銼針表面呈現較少之缺損與細紋。之後切削效率實驗更改良Dr. Haikel之缺點,採用ASTM之標準磨耗測試加以改良與組裝,建立牙科根管治療銼針之切削效率評估模組。實驗樣本使用ProTaper® 鎳鈦銼針48枝,分成三組,分別以PIII處理一小時、兩小時,及一組未做處理之控制組。奈米壓痕測試結果顯示,PIII處理過後的兩組,120奈米深度內硬度明顯增加,硬度最高可增加1.8倍,模數也明顯增加;化學能譜分析結果顯示,PIII處理過後表面有明確之氮元素植入,氮元素植入之深度,一小時組與兩小時組分別可達10.55 nm 和10.70 nm。切削效率實驗結果顯示,有無PIII處理之切削效率並無差異。分析自行研發之切削效率評估模組的表現,可發現實驗過程穩定,實驗數據變異極小,可知實驗模組不會因線性與旋轉運動而產生切削結果之干擾,具有高度穩定度並值得信賴。
結論: PIII為有效之氮離子植入法。經過ISO 3630-1疲勞斷裂標準測試證實,PIII不會減損銼針之抗疲勞斷裂性。PIII後之Quantec®銼針切削效率明顯增加,ProTaper®切削效率則無顯著差異。經過化學能譜分析得知,PIII能確實在鎳鈦根管治療器械表面植入氮元素。經過奈米壓痕測試證實,PIII可增加表面硬度。而自行研發、設計組裝之根管治療銼針切削效率評估模組,具有穩定之測試數據,是可信賴之切削效率評估平台。 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII) surface treatment on cyclic fatigue and cutting efficiency of Ni-Ti instruments. A total of 45 Quantec® NiTi instruments were divided into three groups for PIII treatment: two groups were subjected to 100% nitrogen, 50% nitrogen which was diluted with argon ion individually, and the other group was used as a control group. Cyclic Fatigue test was performed by following ISO 3630-1 specification. Pilot test of cutting efficiency of NiTi files was performed by cutting the acrylic plates then weighed the loss of the plates, which modified from the concept of Dr. Haikel. Each file was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated cyclic fatigue resistance was not changed after PIII treatment. The group received PIII treatment with 100% nitrogen had a great improvement on cutting efficiency, but there was no significant difference between the groups accepted PIII with 50% nitrogen and control group. SEM observations were consistent with the above results. A total of 48 Quantec® NiTi instruments were divided into three groups for the main study of cutting efficiency test: two groups were subjected PIII treatment of nitrogen for one-hour, for two-hour, and the other group without treating was used as a control group. Surface hardness and modulus were measurement with Nano-indenter. The changes of surface element were analyzed with Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA). Cutting efficiency test was performed by an innovative experimental device, which was modified from ASTM standard. The results indicated surface hardness was significant increased to a maximum 1.8 times after PIII treatment. Nitrogen was confirmed with ESCA, in depth of 10.55 nm of one-hour group and of 10.70 nm in two-hour group. But there was no significant difference among three groups on cutting efficiency. In conclusions, PIII technique was confirmed to be a promising new surface treatment technique for NiTi instruments. There was no adverse effect on cyclic fatigue of NiTi endodontic instruments after PIII treatment. Nitrogen was confirmed to be implanted into NiTi instrument by PIII treatment. Surface hardness was also significant increased. Cutting efficiency was significant improved after PIII treatment on Quantec® files, but no difference on ProTaper® subjects. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/30154 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 臨床牙醫學研究所 |
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