在感應發電機互連系統下靜態同步補償器用於不同負載情況下之設計

Abstract

由於近年來油價的飛漲，以及對於全球石油還能開採多久的疑慮，甚至是因為過度使用油類能源，造成二氧化碳過多導致全球溫度上昇，海平面昇高，故全球近年來一致的共識就是減少溫室氣體，所像風力發電這一類綠色能源逐步受到重視，而風力發電因為風的速度並不固定，故使用感應機做作為發電機主體。 本論文之目的在設計及分析靜態同步補償器(STATCOM)，以穩定風力發電系統之電壓，使用一直流電容器來提供電壓來源，使用脈波寬度調變技術(PWM)完成三相電壓源型變流器之設計，來達成電壓補償控制，模擬方面使用Matlab_simulink這套軟體，來評估補償器的補償效果。論文中主要針對負載加重、感應馬達啟動及負載變動在穩態及暫態兩方面之特性進行研究，最後由模擬及實際電路的實驗可以發現靜態同步補償器在感應機互聯電力系統發生負載加重，感應機起動，風速變動，負載變動之情況，可以快速且正確的穩定系統電壓，並且使電壓變動幅度縮小。

Due to the rise in oil price and the need to reduce carbon dioxide in order to alleviate the greenhouse effect, green energy such as wind-power electricity generation received much attention in recent years. Because the speed of the wind is not regular in wind-power electricity generation, induction machines are often used. The purpose of this thesis is to design and analyze the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) which regulates the voltage of an induction generator system. With a direct current capacitor to offer the voltage source, a three-phase voltage source type converter is designed using a pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique in order to reach voltage compensation and control. Simulations are conducted using the software of Matlab_simulink. Both the steady-state performance and the transient characteristic of the system subject to the disturbances of step load change, and induction motor starting, and continuous load fluctuations are investigated in the thesis. Simulation and experimental results reveal that the system voltage can really be stabilized by the proposed static synchronous compensator. It is a very efficient manner when the system is subjected to various disturbances.