未鋪面步道品質變遷調查—以陽明山國家公園地區為例

Abstract

步道為各類型保護區及遊憩區內不可或缺的遊憩資源與設施，長期受到遊客的衝擊，因此需要不斷地維護步道資源的狀態與機能。為了確保步道品質維持其既有功能，故需要針對戶外遊憩區內步道，進行步道品質狀況的長期調查與監測。 本研究之目的在於利用步道普查之監測技術，在一年的調查時距之下，以陽明山國家公園內部未鋪面之登山步道為例，檢視步道品質狀態，以及衝擊問題路段之發生頻率與比例，並試圖探討各步道衝擊項目間的相互關係。 研究結果發現，步道衝擊項目以樹根裸露、岩石裸露與路面過寬等情形較為嚴重。而在一年之間的步道品質變遷情形，四條步道路面凹陷均呈現持續加深。草原路段步道則因為植群演替的情況下，使得步道路面寬度縮減。此外岩石裸露、樹根裸露與路面逕流等衝擊問題的劣化情形較為顯著。在衝擊項目分析上，研究結果發現岩石裸露與路面逕流、樹根裸露與凹陷過深呈現顯著相關性。而步道衝擊問題路段的出現，則易使路面寬度增加。在所有植群類型中，以闊葉林路段出現最多的衝擊情形。此外，步道凹陷深度與步道坡度也呈現顯著正相關的情形。 研究結果盼能提供國家公園經營管理單位瞭解遊憩使用下未鋪面步道的品質狀態，重新檢視修正其步道之經營策略，以期能有效地達到減低遊憩衝擊，維護自然資源與遊憩品質之目標。

The degradation of trail resources associated with expanding recreation and tourism visitation is a growing management problem in protected areas worldwide. In order to make judicious trail and visitor management decisions, protected area managers need objective and timely information on trail resource conditions. This paper introduces a trail census survey method that entirely characterizes the occurrence, location and lineal extent of common tail problems. The method was applied to four unpaved trails within Yangmingshan National Park by one year monitoring. Finally the research found that rock exposure, root exposure and trail widening were the most common impact problems. In aspect of the one year change of unpaved trail conditions, trail incision was keeping on deepening. Furthermore, degradation of rock exposure, root exposure and running water on trail were significant in one change. Otherwise, impact correlation analysis found that rock exposure and running water, root exposure and excessive incision were both significantly correlative. Then trail incision depth and trail grade were also significantly correlative. The trail conditions access and change monitoring were able to provide Park managers with objective and quantitative information for use in tail planning, management and maintenance decisions.