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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 洪振發(Chen-Far Hung) | |
dc.contributor.author | Tzu-Hsuan Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳子軒 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T00:13:05Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2011-08-08 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2011-08-08 | |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2011-08-05 | |
dc.identifier.citation | [1] 吳明玲,2011,職業性聽力損失診斷認定參考指引,網站: http://www.cla.gov.
tw/site/business/4182120b/4186effb/422daa1c/4cba3342/files/%C2%BE%B7~% A9%CA%C5%A5%A4O%B7l%A5%A2.pdf [2] 范鎮富,1997,噪音特性對生理與心理影響之探討以半導體廠無塵室作業區 環境為例,國立清華大學,工業工程與工程管理學系,碩士論文 [3] 環保署,2011,歷年陳情件數,網站: http://ivy1.epa.gov.tw/noise/AA/11.pdf [4] 環保署,2011,類別區分噪音陳情數,網站: http://ivy1.epa.gov.tw/noise/AA /22.pdf [5] 環保署,2008,易發生噪音設置及操作許可管制推動計畫 [6] ISO 3744:1994 Acoustics -- Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure -- Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane [7] ISO 3746:1995 Acoustics -- Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure -- Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane [8] ISO 6393:2008 “Acoustics – Measurement of exterior noise emitted by earth-moving machinery – Stationary test conditions” [9] ISO 6395:2008 “Acoustics – Measurement of exterior noise emitted by earth-moving eachinery – Dynamic test conditions [10] 蔡國隆 王光賢 涂聰賢,2011,聲學原理與噪音量測控制,全華圖書 [11] 吳稚中,2007,土石流產生之地聲與空氣次聲特性之比較,國立成功大學, 水利及海洋工程研究所,碩士論文 [12] Leo L.Beranek, 1993, Acoustical Measurements, Published for the Acoustical Society of American by the American Institute of Physics [13] 徐萬樁,1975,噪音與振動控制,協志工業叢書 [14] David T. Blackstock, 2000, Fundamentals of physical acoustics Wiley [15] 蘇德勝編著陳秀卿、張添晉、蔡朋枝合編,1995,噪音原理及控制, 128 臺隆書店 [16] 蘇德勝,1991,噪音原理及控制,臺隆書店 [17] 中華民國振動與噪音工程學會,2011,營建工程施工機具聲功率檢測方法 草案,附件 [18] 太原益鑫泰灯光音响器材有限公司,2011,無響室,網站:http://www. tyyxt.com/NewShow.aspx?id=158,1 [19] 郭正二,2008,預拌混凝土廠及砂石場噪音源調查及分析,朝陽科技大學 營建工程系碩士論文 [20] 陳金文,1998,噪音量測與控制技術應用,科技圖書 [21] 中華民國振動與噪音工程學會,2011,固定機具聲功率位準量測方法,附 件 [22] Leo L.Beranek,1960, Noise Reduction, McGraw-Hill Book Company [23] Malcolm J. Crocker、A. John Price, 1975, Noise and Noise Control, CRC PRESS, INC. [24] 林銘駿,2008,環境中低頻噪音之量測及管制策略研究,國立中央大學環 境工程研究所碩士論文 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28585 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 動力機械產生的聲音大小可以其聲功率位準(sound power level)來表示,聲功率位準越大,聲音可以傳得越遠,在與機械相同距離下的聲壓位準(sound pressure level)就越大。聲功率量測上,很多國家採用ISO的規範,本研究旨在整理動力機械的聲功率量測方法,建立標準量測程序。
在真實量測時,實際音源的位置無法如點音源般擺放在指定位置(如量測中心),必然會有所偏差,本文探討以ISO 3744、ISO 3746、ISO 6393方法量測時待測物音源有偏移時,對量測到的聲功率位準之影響,並比對理論值和實際值的差別。 最後本研究對實際動力機械進行量測,以作為建立國內動力機械,包括營建工程機具的聲功率量測標準方法之參考。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The sound level of power machines can be indicated by sound power. The higher sound power level can propagate far distance, and higher sound pressure level.
During the measurement, the position of sound source can’t locate in the specified point, e.g. the measurement center, there is surely a little displacement, this paper discussed the effects of the wrong position of sound source on the measurement according to ISO 3744、ISO 3746、ISO 6393. The results of theoretical and practical measurements were compared. Finally, the measurement of sound power, e.g. the air compressor and the earth removing machines were performed, we hope the standard measurement method of sound power for power machines which are including construction machines would be established. | en |
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dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
致謝 .............................................................................................................................. I 摘要 ............................................................................................................................III ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ IV 目錄 ............................................................................................................................. V 圖目錄 ........................................................................................................................... XI 表目錄 .......................................................................................................................... XV 符號表 ........................................................................................................................ XIX 第一章 緒論..........................................................................................................................1 第二章 聲功率量測理論......................................................................................................5 2.1音量的表示.............................................................................................................5 2.1.1 聲音的A加權(A-weighting) ...................................................................6 2.2 聲強原理................................................................................................................8 2.3 三分之一倍頻頻譜................................................................................................9 2.4 聲功率位準..........................................................................................................12 2.5 由聲壓推算其聲功率範例..................................................................................16 第三章 聲音之衰減............................................................................................................19 3.1 距離之影響..................................................................................................................19 3.2 空氣吸收之衰減..........................................................................................................20 3.3 下雨或下雪所導致的衰減..........................................................................................23 3.4 遮蔽物造成的衰減......................................................................................................24 3.5 草、樹木等造成的衰減..............................................................................................26 3.6 風導致的聲音衰減......................................................................................................27 3.6.1 麥克風與風夾角成0度..........................................................................28 VI 3.6.2 麥克風與風夾角成90度........................................................................29 第四章 動力機械聲功率量測方法....................................................................................31 4.1 ISO規範 ..............................................................................................................32 4.1.1 ISO 3744 & ISO 3746.................................................................................34 4.1.2 ISO 6393 & ISO 6395.................................................................................42 4.2 量測方法..............................................................................................................51 4.2.1 LabVIEW 程式 ..........................................................................................51 4.3 量測程序..............................................................................................................58 4.3.1 量測儀器..................................................................................................61 第五章 聲功率量測之音源偏移影響................................................................................65 5.1 音源未偏移(ISO 3744 & ISO 3746) .................................................................67 5.2 音源在各方向偏移(ISO 3744 & ISO 3746 )....................................................70 5.2.1音源在X方向偏移 ..................................................................................70 5.2.2 音源在Y方向偏移 .................................................................................72 5.2.3音源在Z方向偏移 ..................................................................................74 5.2.4 各量測半徑在Z方向偏移(ISO 3744 & ISO 3746) ............................77 5.3音源在各方向偏移(ISO 6393 & ISO 6395) ......................................................80 5.3.1各量測半徑在X方向偏移 ......................................................................83 5.3.2各量測半徑在Y方向偏移 ......................................................................84 5.3.3各量測半徑在Z方向偏移 ......................................................................85 5.4雙音源的影響.......................................................................................................86 5.4.1 Case1假設結果 .......................................................................................88 5.4.2 Case2假設結果 .......................................................................................89 5.4.3 Case3假設結果 .......................................................................................90 5.4.4 Case4假設結果 .......................................................................................91 VII 5.4.5 不同狀況假設結果比較..........................................................................92 第六章 聲功率量測之偏移影響分析................................................................................93 6.1 無響室..................................................................................................................93 6.2 量測數據分析流程..............................................................................................94 6.3 音源在Z方向偏移(ISO 3744 & ISO 3746 ) ..................................................96 6.4 ISO 3744 與ISO 3746量測結果比較 ...............................................................97 6.5音源在Z方向偏移量測與理論推估結果比較 ..................................................98 第七章 動力機械之聲功率量測與環境因子探討..........................................................107 7.1 聲功率量測分析流程........................................................................................108 7.2 空氣壓縮機之聲功率計算................................................................................ 110 7.3 空氣壓縮機之偏移............................................................................................ 113 7.3.1 音源偏移之結果.................................................................................... 113 7.3.2 空氣壓縮機偏移之結果........................................................................ 117 7.4 空氣壓縮機之聲功率量測比較(ISO 3744 & ISO 3746) ...............................120 7.5 不同量測空間環境因子之探討........................................................................121 第八章 結論......................................................................................................................125 參考文獻 ..........................................................................................................................127 附錄A 土方移除機具基本長度l示意圖.......................................................................129 A.1 推土機(dozer) ...................................................................................................129 A.1.1履帶式推土機(crawler dozer) ...............................................................129 A.1.2膠輪式推土機(wheeled dozer) .............................................................129 A.2 裝料機(loader)..................................................................................................129 A.2.1膠輪式裝料機(wheeled loader) ............................................................129 A.2.2緊湊膠輪式裝料機(compact loader, wheeled) .....................................130 A.2.3履帶式裝料機(crawler loader)..............................................................130 VIII A.2.4滑移裝料機(skid steer loader) ..............................................................130 A.3 開挖裝料機(backhoe loader) ............................................................................131 A.3.1膠輪式開挖裝料機(wheeled backhoe loader) ......................................131 A.3.2履帶式開挖裝料機(crawler backhoe loader) ........................................131 A.4 開挖機(excavator) ............................................................................................132 A.4.1膠輪式開挖機(wheeled excavator) .......................................................132 A.4.2履帶式開挖機(crawler excavator) ........................................................132 A.4.3緊湊開挖機(compact excavator) ..........................................................132 A.4.4移動式開挖機(Walking excavator)...................................................133 A.5 自動傾卸卡車(dumper) ..................................................................................133 A.5.1鋼架輪式自動傾卸卡車(Wheeled rigid-frame dumper) ..................133 A.5.2鉸接式車架自動傾卸卡車(Articulated-frame dumper) ...................133 A.5.3履帶式自動傾卸卡車(Crawler dumper) ..........................................134 A.5.4輪式緊湊型翻車機(Compact dumper,wheeled)...............................134 A.5.5履帶式緊湊型翻車機(Compact dumper,crawler) ............................134 A.6 鏟運機(Scraper) ................................................................................................135 A.6.1 單引擎鏟運機(Scraper with one engine) .............................................135 A.6.2 雙引擎鏟運機(Scraper with two engines) ...........................................135 A.6.3 履帶式鏟運機(Crawler scraper) ..........................................................135 A.7 帄路機(Grader) ............................................................................................136 A.8舖管機(Pipelayer) .............................................................................................136 A.9 挖溝機(trencher) ............................................................................................136 A.9.1輪式挖溝機(Wheeled ride-on trencher) ............................................136 A.9.2履帶式挖溝機(Crawler ride-on trencher) .........................................137 A.9.3行走式挖溝機(Walk-behind trencher)..............................................137 IX A.9.4齒輪式挖溝機(Disk trencher) ...........................................................137 A.10垃圾填埋機(Landfill compactors) ..................................................................138 A.11 壓路機(rollers) ...............................................................................................138 附錄B 儀器規格與校正報告...........................................................................................139 B.1 麥克風校正報告與規格....................................................................................139 B.2 放大器型號與校正報告....................................................................................144 B.3 標準音源校正報告............................................................................................146 附錄C 環境校正因子 .................................................................................................149 C.1 無響室(海洋大學)............................................................................................149 C.2 水泥地(台大工科海洋所側門)........................................................................151 C.3 水泥地(台大工科海洋所側門)........................................................................153 C.4 各環境因子與隨機校正報告聲功率比較........................................................154 附錄D 聲功率量測結果記錄...........................................................................................157 D.1 參考音源Z方向偏移(無響室) .......................................................................157 D.2 參考音源正X方向50cm偏移(水泥地) .........................................................161 D.3 參考音源負X方向50cm偏移(水泥地) .........................................................163 附錄E 聲功率量測記錄範例...................................................................................165 E.1 空氣壓縮機(水泥地)........................................................................................165 E.2 小尺寸開挖機(水泥地)....................................................................................169 E.3 大尺寸開挖機(水泥地)....................................................................................173 附錄F室內之環境因子....................................................................................................177 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 動力機械之聲功率量測 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Measurement of sound power for the power machines | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 99-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王昭男,程惠生,邱進東 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 聲功率,音源偏移,噪音,機具量測,ISO 3744,ISO 3746,ISO 6393,ISO 6395, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | sound power,sound displacement,noise,the measurement of machines,ISO 3744,ISO 3746,ISO 6393,ISO 6395, | en |
dc.relation.page | 178 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2011-08-05 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 工程科學及海洋工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 工程科學及海洋工程學系 |
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