利用微網誌即時偵測體育賽事之精彩事件以及其語義

Abstract

推特 (Twitter)，別名「網際網路上的簡訊」，是一個全世界性的社交網路以及微網誌網站，它具有即時性以及會話性的特點，近年來吸引了很多學者以及研究人員的注意。推特經歷了非常迅速的成長，並且其流量在特別的事件尤其是體育活動上會有爆炸性的成長。舉例來說，在2010/6/14世界杯足球賽日本對喀麥隆的比賽中，球迷在推特上短短三十秒內平均每秒發出了2,940則的訊息。這項紀錄到了 2010/6/17 美國職籃冠軍戰洛杉磯湖人獲勝的時候又被打破，每秒達到了3,085 則的訊息流量，而接著在 2010 世界杯足球賽日本對丹麥獲勝的時候又突破到了 3,283 則的訊息數量。最新的紀錄則是在 2011 女子世界杯足球日本對美國的比賽創下，每秒達到了 7,196 則。 這些推特流量 的紀錄給予了我們這項研究的啟發，在這篇論文中我們在體育賽事現場轉播中，從突然升高的推特流量偵測出所謂的精彩事件並且找出其語意，這些精彩事件精確地代表著推特使用者在球賽進行當中所關注並熱烈討論的話題。我們將展示對於推特使用者在球賽中所感興趣的話題之現象，最後我們會與傳統所謂的體育比賽中的事件做比較，並且針對不同的體育項目作分析。

Twitter, 'SMS of the Internet' [3], a world-wide social networking and microblogging website. The real-time and conversational properties have attracted the attention of scholars and researchers in recent years. Twitter experienced rapid growth and its usage spikes during prominent events, especially in sports. For example, “a record was set during the 2010 FIFA World Cup when fans wrote 2,940 tweets per second in the thirty-second period after Japan scored against Cameroon on June 14, 2010. The record was broken again when 3,085 tweets per second were posted after the Los Angeles Lakers' victory in the 2010 NBA Finals on June 17, 2010,[36] and then again at the close of Japan's victory over Denmark in the World Cup when users published 3,283 tweets per second.[37] The current record was set during the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup Final between Japan and the United States, when 7,196 tweets per second were published.” [1] These results of Twitter usage properly show our motivation of this study. In this paper, we detect the burst of Twitter usage which we called highlight while sports games broadcasting and acquire the semantic meaning of the highlights. The highlights precisely represent the highly-discussed topics which Twitter users focus on during the game time. We present the observations of the phenomenon that what Twitter users are interested in while watching sports games. Finally, we compare the highlights with traditional sports events and analyze in each sports domain.