請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28141
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 詹長權(Chang-Chuan Chan) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wei-Hsu Pien | en |
dc.contributor.author | 邊瑋緒 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T00:01:36Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2012-10-03 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2011-10-03 | |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2011-08-06 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
1. 台塑石化股份有限公司. 2. 經濟部能源局,. 民營火力電廠基本資料及現況 [Website] 2010; Available from: http://www.moeaec.gov.tw/opengovinfo/Plan/electronic/PElecMain.aspx?PageId=p_elec_04. 3. Schroder, J.L., Basta, N.T., Lochmiller, R.L., Rafferty, D.P., Payton, M., Kim, S., and Qualls, C.W., Soil contamination and bioaccumulation of inorganics on petrochemical sites. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2000. 19(8): p. 2066. 4. Nadal, M., Mari, M., Schuhmacher, M., and Domingo, J.L., Multi-compartmental environmental surveillance of a petrochemical area: levels of micropollutants. Environ Int, 2009. 35(2): p. 227. 5. M. Nadal, M. Schuhmacher, and Domingo, a.J.L., Metal pollution of soils and vegetation in an area with petrochemical industry. 2004. 6. 蔡信行, 台灣的石油工業與油品煉製. 科學發展, 2004. 382期: p. 30~35. 7. Ito, S., Yokoyama, T., and Asakura, K., Emissions of mercury and other trace elements from coal-fired power plants in Japan. Science of the Total Environment, 2006. 368(1): p. 397. 8. dos Santos, C.Y.M., Azevedo, D.D., and Neto, F.R.D., Atmospheric distribution of organic compounds from urban areas near a coal-fired power station. Atmospheric Environment, 2004. 38(9): p. 1247. 9. Agrawal, P., Mittal, A., Prakash, R., Kumar, M., Singh, T.B., and Tripathi, S.K., Assessment of Contamination of Soil due to Heavy Metals around Coal Fired Thermal Power Plants at Singrauli Region of India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2010. 10. Tsai, C.J., Miao, C.C., and Lu, H.C., White smoke emission from a semiconductor manufacturing plant. Environment International, 1997. 23(4): p. 489. 11. Suzuki, Y., Watanabe, I., Oshida, T., Chen, Y.J., Lin, L.K., Wang, Y.H., Yang, K.C., and Kuno, K., Accumulation of trace elements used in semiconductor industry in Formosan squirrel, as a bio-indicator of their exposure, living in Taiwan. Chemosphere, 2007. 68(7): p. 1270. 12. Kuprianov, V.I. and Tanetsakunvatana, V., Assessment of gaseous, PM and trace element emissions from a 300-MW lignite-fired boiler unit for various fuel qualities. Fuel, 2006. 85(14-15): p. 2171. 13. 林清標,張源盛,張瑞巖,江振源,曹振翰,黃尚富,葉昱輝,林彥伸,黃永昆,葉怡玲, 九十七年度離島工業區空氣汙染監測、檢測許可查核與總量管制計畫, 雲林縣環境保護署, Editor. 2008. 14. Carbon Monitoring for Action - Top Power Producing Plants in the World. 2007; Available from: http://carma.org/plant. 15. 周興奮,唐麗秋,江光華, 雲林縣 97 年度離島式工業區空氣汙染物檢測管制計畫, 雲林縣環保局, Editor. 2008. 16. Dubnov, J., Barchana, M., Rishpon, S., Leventhal, A., Segal, I., Carel, R., and Portnov, B.A., Estimating the effect of air pollution from a coal-fired power station on the development of children's pulmonary function. Environmental Research, 2007. 103(1): p. 87. 17. Peltier, G.L., Wright, M.S., Hopkins, W.A., and Meyer, J.L., Accumulation of trace elements and growth responses in Corbicula fluminea downstream of a coal-fired power plant. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2009. 72(5): p. 1384. 18. Jayasekher, T., Aerosols near by a coal fired thermal power plant: chemical composition and toxic evaluation. Chemosphere, 2009. 75(11): p. 1525. 19. Wichmann, F.A., Muller, A., Busi, L.E., Cianni, N., Massolo, L., Schlink, U., Porta, A., and Sly, P.D., Increased asthma and respiratory symptoms in children exposed to petrochemical pollution. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2009. 123(3): p. 632. 20. Yang, C.Y., Chiu, H.F., Tsai, S.S., Chang, C.C., and Chuang, H.Y., Increased risk of preterm delivery in areas with cancer mortality problems from petrochemical complexes. Environmental Research, 2002. 89(3): p. 195. 21. Lin, M.C., Yu, H.S., Tsai, S.S., Cheng, B.H., Hsu, T.Y., Wu, T.N., and Yang, C.Y., Adverse pregnancy outcome in a petrochemical polluted area in Taiwan. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A, 2001. 63(8): p. 565. 22. Yang, C., Liu, C., and Tsai, S., Association of Brain Cancer with Residential Exposure to Petrochemical Air Pollution in Taiwan. Epidemiology, 2008. 19(6): p. S292. 23. Garcia-Perez, J., Pollan, M., Boldo, E., Perez-Gomez, B., Aragones, N., Lope, V., Ramis, R., Vidal, E., and Lopez-Abente, G., Mortality due to lung, laryngeal and bladder cancer in towns lying in the vicinity of combustion installations. Science of the Total Environment, 2009. 407(8): p. 2593. 24. Eitan, O., Yuval, Barchana, M., Dubnov, J., Linn, S., Carmel, Y., and Broday, D.M., Spatial analysis of air pollution and cancer incidence rates in Haifa Bay, Israel. Sci Total Environ, 2010. 25. Yang, C.Y., Wang, J.D., Chan, C.C., Chen, P.C., Huang, J.S., and Cheng, M.F., Respiratory and irritant health effects of a population living in a petrochemical-polluted area in Taiwan. Environmental Research, 1997. 74(2): p. 145. 26. Yang, C.Y., Wang, J.D., Chan, C.C., Hwang, J.S., and Chen, P.C., Respiratory symptoms of primary school children living in a petrochemical polluted area in Taiwan. Pediatr Pulmonol, 1998. 25(5): p. 299. 27. Pan, B.J., Hong, Y.J., Chang, G.C., Wang, M.T., Cinkotai, F.F., and Ko, Y.C., Excess Cancer Mortality among Children and Adolescents in Residential Districts Polluted by Petrochemical Manufacturing Plants in Taiwan. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1994. 43(1): p. 117. 28. Yang, C.Y., Chiu, H.F., Chiu, J.F., Kao, W.Y., Tsai, S.S., and Lan, S.J., Cancer mortality and residence near petrochemical industries in Taiwan. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1997. 50(3): p. 265. 29. Yang, C.Y., Cheng, M.F., Chiu, J.F., and Tsai, S.S., Female lung cancer and petrochemical air pollution in Taiwan. Archives of Environmental Health, 1999. 54(3): p. 180. 30. Yang, C.Y., Tsai, S.S., Cheng, B.H., Hsu, T.Y., and Wu, T.N., Sex ratio at birth associated with petrochemical air pollution in Taiwan. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2000. 65(1): p. 126. 31. Yu, C.L., Wang, S.F., Pan, P.C., Wu, M.T., Ho, C.K., Smith, T.J., Li, Y., Pothier, L., Christiani, D.C., and Grp, K.L.R., Residential exposure to petrochemicals and the risk of leukemia: Using geographic information system tools to estimate individual-level residential exposure. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2006. 164(3): p. 200. 32. 詹長權、胡素婉, 97年度空氣污染對沿海地區環境及居民健康影響之風險評估規畫第1年計畫, 雲林縣環保局, Editor. 2008. 33. Carreras, H.A., Wannaz, E.D., and Pignata, M.L., Assessment of human health risk related to metals by the use of biomonitors in the province of Cordoba, Argentina. Environ Pollut, 2009. 157(1): p. 117. 34. Morishita, M., Keeler, G.J., McDonald, J.D., Wagner, J.G., Young, L.H., Utsunomiya, S., Ewing, R.C., and Harkema, J.R., Source-to-receptor pathways of anthropogenic PM2.5 in Detroit, Michigan: Comparison of two inhalation exposure studies. Atmospheric Environment, 2009. 43(10): p. 1805. 35. Morishita, M., Keeler, G.J., Wagner, J.G., Marsik, F.J., Timm, E.J., Dvonch, T.J., and Harkema, J.R., Pulmonary Retention of Particulate Matter is Associated with Airway Inflammation in Allergic Rats Exposed to Air Pollution in Urban Detroit. Inhal. Toxicol., 2004. 16: p. 663. 36. Ostro, B., Broadwin, R., Green, S., Feng, W.Y., and Lipsett, M., Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in nine California counties: Results from CALFINE. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2006. 114(1): p. 29. 37. Lippmann, M., Hwang, J.S., Maciejczyk, P., and Chen, L.C., PM source apportionment for short-term cardiac function changes in ApoE(-/-) mice. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005. 113(11): p. 1575. 38. Sarnat, J.A., Fine Particle Sources and Cardiorespiratory Morbidity: An Application of Chemical Mass Balance and Factor Analytical Source Apportionment Methods. Epidemiology, 2008. 19(6): p. S44. 39. Hopke, P.K., Mar, T.F., Ito, K., Koenig, J.Q., Larson, T.V., Eatough, D.J., Henry, R.C., Kim, E., Laden, F., Lall, R., Neas, L., Stolzel, M., Paatero, P., and Thurston, G.D., PM source apportionment and health effects. 3. Investigation of inter-method variations in associations between estimated source contributions Of PM2.5 and daily mortality in Phoenix, AZ. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 2006. 16(4): p. 311. 40. Su, C.C., Tsai, K.Y., Hsu, Y.Y., Lin, Y.Y., and Lian, I.B., Chronic exposure to heavy metals and risk of oral cancer in Taiwanese males. Oral Oncology, 2010. 46(8): p. 586. 41. Chiou, H.Y., Hsueh, Y.M., Liaw, K.F., Horng, S.F., Chiang, M.H., Pu, Y.S., Lin, J.S., Huang, C.H., and Chen, C.J., Incidence of internal cancers and ingested inorganic arsenic: a seven-year follow-up study in Taiwan. Cancer Res, 1995. 55(6): p. 1296. 42. Nawrot, T., Plusquin, M., Hogervorst, J., Roels, H.A., Celis, H., Thijs, L., Vangronsveld, J., Van Hecke, E., and Staessen, J.A., Environmental exposure to cadmium and risk of cancer: a prospective population-based study. Lancet Oncol, 2006. 7(2): p. 119. 43. Navarro Silvera, S.A. and Rohan, T.E., Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Cancer Causes Control, 2007. 18(1): p. 7. 44. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Available from: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/. 45. Gunnar F. Nordberg, Burce A. Fowler, Monica Nordberg, and Lars T, F., Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals. Third Edition. 2007. 46. World Health Organization. Available from: http://www.who.int/en/. 47. IRAC, W.; Available from: http://www.iarc.fr/. 48. Schutz, A., Bergdahl, I.A., Ekholm, A., and Skerfving, S., Measurement by ICP-MS of lead in plasma and whole blood of lead workers and controls. Occup Environ Med, 1996. 53(11): p. 736. 49. 李俊璋, 張倍嘉, 莊弘毅, 張火炎, 人體鉛暴露生物指標之回顧與近況發展. 勞工安全衛生研究季刊, 2000. 第8卷第三期 p. 345. 50. Hope, B.K., An assessment of the global impact of anthropogenic vanadium. Biogeochemistry, 1997. 37(1): p. 1. 51. Cao, T., An, L., Wang, M., Lou, Y.X., Yu, Y.H., Wu, J.M., Zhu, Z.R., Qing, Y.K., and Glime, J., Spatial and temporal changes of heavy metal concentrations in mosses and its indication to the environments in the past 40 years in the city of Shanghai, China. Atmospheric Environment, 2008. 42(21): p. 5390. 52. Garcia, F.A.D., Mirlean, N., and Baisch, P.R., Metallic Tracers as an Evaluation Tool for Long-Term Petrochemical Emissions in Urban Environment. Quimica Nova, 2010. 33(3): p. 716. 53. Ondov, J.M., Choquette, C.E., Zoller, W.H., Gordon, G.E., Biermann, A.H., and Heft, R.E., Atmospheric Behavior of Trace-Elements on Particles Emitted from a Coal-Fired Power-Plant. Atmospheric Environment, 1989. 23(10): p. 2193. 54. Lopez, J.M., Callen, M.S., Murillo, R., Garcia, T., Navarro, M.V., de la Cruz, M.T., and Mastral, A.M., Levels of selected metals in ambient air PM10 in an urban site of Zaragoza (Spain). Environmental Research, 2005. 99(1): p. 58. 55. Stigter, J.B., de Haan, H.P.M., Guicherit, R., Dekkers, C.P.A., and Daane, M.L., Determination of cadmium, zinc, copper, chromium and arsenic in crude oil cargoes. Environmental Pollution, 2000. 107(3): p. 451. 56. Bosco, M.L., Varrica, D., and Dongarra, G., Case study: Inorganic pollutants associated with particulate matter from an area near a petrochemical plant. Environmental Research, 2005. 99(1): p. 18. 57. Keegan, T.J., Farago, M.E., Thornton, I., Hong, B., Colvile, R.N., Pesch, B., Jakubis, P., and Nieuwenhuijsen, W., Dispersion of As and selected heavy metals around a coal-burning power station in central Slovakia. Science of the Total Environment, 2006. 358(1-3): p. 61. 58. Lim, J.M., Lee, J.H., Moon, J.H., Chung, Y.S., and Kim, K.H., Airborne PM10 and metals from multifarious sources in an industrial complex area. Atmospheric Research, 2010. 96(1): p. 53. 59. Budnik, L.T. and Baur, X., The assessment of environmental and occupational exposure to hazardous substances by biomonitoring. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 2009. 106(6): p. 91. 60. Wilhelm, M., Eberwein, G., Holzer, J., Begerow, J., Sugiri, D., Gladtke, D., and Ranft, U., Human biomonitoring of cadmium and lead exposure of child-mother pairs from Germany living in the vicinity of industrial sources (hot spot study NRW). J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2005. 19(1): p. 83. 61. Wilhelm, M., Ewers, U., Wittsiepe, J., Furst, P., Holzer, J., Eberwein, G., Angerer, J., Marczynski, B., and Ranft, U., Human biomonitoring studies in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Int J Hyg Environ Health, 2007. 210(3-4): p. 307. 62. Aguilera, I., Daponte, A., Gil, F., Hernandez, A.F., Godoy, P., Pla, A., Ramos, J.L., Fernandez-Ajuria, A., Toro, S., Martin-Olmedo, P., Lacasana, M., Mayoral, J.M., Hernandez, A., Villanueva, E., Rodrigo, L., de Santiago, E., Lopez, O., and Sanchez-Parra, F., Urinary levels of arsenic and heavy metals in children and adolescents living in the industrialised area of Ria of Huelva (SW Spain). Environ Int, 2010. 36(6): p. 563. 63. Aguilera, I., Daponte, A., Gil, F., Hernandez, A.F., Godoy, P., Pla, A., and Ramos, J.L., Biomonitoring of urinary metals in a population living in the vicinity of industrial sources: a comparison with the general population of Andalusia, Spain. Science of the Total Environment, 2008. 407(1): p. 669. 64. 行政院環保署-空氣品質監測站. Available from: http://taqm.epa.gov.tw/taqm/zh-tw/default.aspx. 65. 行政院環保署環境檢驗所, 環境檢驗品管分析執行指引. 2004. NIEA-PA104. 66. 行政院環保署環境檢驗所, 環境檢驗檢量線製備及查核指引. 2004. NIEA-PA103. 67. 行政院環保署環境檢驗所, 環境檢驗方法偵測極限測定指引. 2004. NIEA-PA107 68. Organization, W.H., Air Quality Guidelines. 2005, World Health Organization. 69. Sega, K. and Fugas, M., Seasonal and Spatial Differences in Mass Concentration Levels and Particle-Size Distribution of Aerosols over an Urban Area. Atmospheric Environment, 1984. 18(11): p. 2433. 70. Hansard, R., Maher, B.A., and Kinnersley, R., Biomagnetic monitoring of industry-derived particulate pollution. Environ Pollut, 2011. 159(6): p. 1673. 71. Mehra, A., Farago, M.E., and Banerjee, D.K., Impact of fly ash from coal-fired power stations in Delhi, with particular reference to metal contamination. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 1998. 50(1): p. 15. 72. Yatkin, S. and Bayram, A., Elemental composition and sources of particulate matter in the ambient air of a Metropolitan City. Atmospheric Research, 2007. 85(1): p. 126. 73. Sabbioni, E., Kueera, J., Pietra, R., and Vesterberg, O., A critical review on normal concentrations of vanadium in human blood, serum, and urine. Science of the Total Environment, 1996. 188(1): p. 49. 74. Robbins, W.K., Analysis of Petroleum for Trace-Metals - Determination of Trace Quantities of Manganese in Petroleum and Petroleum-Products by Heated Vaporization Atomic-Absorption. Analytical Chemistry, 1974. 46(14): p. 2177. 75. Gulson, B., Mizon, K., Taylor, A., Korsch, M., Stauber, J., Davis, J.M., Louie, H., Wu, M., and Swan, H., Changes in manganese and lead in the environment and young children associated with the introduction of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl in gasoline--preliminary results. Environmental Research, 2006. 100(1): p. 100. 76. Widory, D., Liu, X.D., and Dong, S.P., Isotopes as tracers of sources of lead and strontium in aerosols (TSP & PM(2.5)) in Beijing. Atmospheric Environment, 2010. 44(30): p. 3679. 77. Wapnir, R.A., Copper absorption and bioavailability. Am J Clin Nutr, 1998. 67(5 Suppl): p. 1054S. 78. Tamasi, G. and Cini, R., Heavy metals in drinking waters from Mount Amiata (Tuscany, Italy). Possible risks from arsenic for public health in the Province of Siena. Sci Total Environ, 2004. 327(1-3): p. 41. 79. Air Quality Guidelines - Second Edition. 2000, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. 80. Akesson, A., Lundh, T., Vahter, M., Bjellerup, P., Lidfeldt, J., Nerbrand, C., Samsioe, G., Stromberg, U., and Skerfving, S., Tubular and glomerular kidney effects in Swedish women with low environmental cadmium exposure. Environ Health Perspect, 2005. 113(11): p. 1627. 81. Hoffmann, K., Becker, K., Friedrich, C., Helm, D., Krause, C., and Seifert, B., The German Environmental Survey 1990/1992 (GerES II): cadmium in blood, urine and hair of adults and children. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, 2000. 10(2): p. 126. 82. Clark, N.A., Teschke, K., Rideout, K., and Copes, R., Trace element levels in adults from the west coast of Canada and associations with age, gender, diet, activities, and levels of other trace elements. Chemosphere, 2007. 70(1): p. 155. 83. Vahter, M., Akesson, A., Liden, C., Ceccatelli, S., and Berglund, M., Gender differences in the disposition and toxicity of metals. Environmental Research, 2007. 104(1): p. 85. 84. Akesson, A., Berglund, M., Schutz, A., Bjellerup, P., Bremme, K., and Vahter, M., Cadmium exposure in pregnancy and lactation in relation to iron status. American Journal of Public Health, 2002. 92(2): p. 284. 85. Goyer, R.A., Toxic and essential metal interactions. Annual Review of Nutrition, 1997. 17: p. 37. 86. Cyr, D.G., Pillet, S., D'Elia, M., Bernier, J., Bouquegneau, J.M., and Fournier, M., Immunomodulatory effects of estradiol and cadmium in adult female rats. Toxicological Sciences, 2006. 92(2): p. 423. 87. Pillet, S., Rooney, A.A., Bouquegneau, J.M., Cyr, D.G., and Fournier, M., Sex-specific effects of neonatal exposures to low levels of cadmium through maternal milk on development and immune functions of juvenile and adult rats. Toxicology, 2005. 209(3): p. 289. 88. Christensen, J.M., Human exposure to toxic metals: factors influencing interpretation of biomonitoring results. Sci Total Environ, 1995. 166: p. 89. 89. Brulle, R.J. and Pellow, D.N., Environmental justice: Human health and environmental inequalities. Annual Review of Public Health, 2006. 27: p. 103. 90. Seiwert, M., Conrad, A., Becker, K., Hunken, A., Schulz, C., and Kolossa-Gehring, M., The German Environmental Survey for Children (GerES IV): Socio-Economic Status and Exposure to Pollutants. Epidemiology, 2008. 19(6): p. S250. 91. Stojanovic, D., Nikic, D., and Lazarevic, K., The level of nickel in smoker's blood and urine. Cent Eur J Public Health, 2004. 12(4): p. 187. 92. Kristiansen, J., Christensen, J.M., Iversen, B.S., and Sabbioni, E., Toxic trace element reference levels in blood and urine: influence of gender and lifestyle factors. Sci Total Environ, 1997. 204(2): p. 147. 93. 林右翎, 火力發電廠周界空氣微粒與兒童尿中重金屬濃度之評估硏究. 2010, 台灣大學. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28141 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 背景與目的:
六輕離島工業區主要包含了石化工業及火力發電廠等工業,過去的文獻指出此工業區在製程中會放出空氣污染物,且其中所排放之重金屬因為其毒性與持久性,被歸類為最危險的人為環境污染物之一。然而,目前為止較少研究去探討此類型工業區空氣中懸浮微粒之重金屬成份對其周遭居民健康的影響。因此本研究利用六輕離島工業區周界環保署空氣品質測站的監測資料,以及空氣採樣的重金屬濃度和成人尿液中重金屬濃度分佈的情形,去了解六輕離島工業區所排放的金屬污染物對其周遭環境與居民可能造成的暴露為何。 材料與方法: 本研究以六輕離島工業區為中心,依據距離及風向區分出高、低暴露區;在高、低暴露區選定代表的環保署空氣品質測站分析兩地區間空氣污染物的濃度。此外,利用Harvard Impactor進行高、低暴露區空氣中PM10的採樣,而PM10的重金屬含量則透過感應耦合電漿質譜儀(ICP-MS)做分析。另外,自高暴露區和虎尾鎮選取35歲以上的居民共673位,透過健檢及問卷收集尿液以及可能干擾尿液中金屬濃度的因子,並以ICP-MS分析其尿液中重金屬濃度。 結果: 測站資料結果顯示,工業污染指標物SO2的小時平均濃度在台西測站顯著高於低暴露區(崙背及斗六測站);且不論是在台西測站或低暴露區測站在受影響風向時SO2的小時平均濃度顯著高於非受影響風向。環境空氣採樣部分,低暴露區PM10中銅及鉈的濃度顯著高於高暴露區;釩雖未達統計上顯著差異,但在高暴露區有較高的情形。而居住於六輕離島工業區周界高暴露區的居民其尿液中釩、錳、砷及鍶的濃度經校正性別、年齡、社經地位及其他健康行為等干擾因子後顯著高於虎尾鎮。 結論: 由工業污染指標物SO2的結果可以得知六輕離島工業區對其周界有明顯的影響。除此之外,六輕所排放之金屬污染物對當地環境與居民的影響更反映在空氣採樣及尿液樣本中釩的結果上。然而,更詳盡的研究仍需執行以進一步釐清六輕對其周界環境與居民的衝擊為何。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Background and objective:
No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Plant that includes oil refineries, naphtha cracking plants and coal-fired power plants was indicated a major emission source of air pollutants during its production process. Among these air pollutants, heavy metal was regarded as one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants because of its toxicity and persistency. However, few studies investigated the health effects of heavy metals in particulate matter on the inhabitants living in the vicinity of this kind of industrial area. Therefore, this study used the data from air quality monitoring station, the heavy metal levels of air sampling and the urinary heavy metal levels in adults to investigate the effect of heavy metal pollutants on the environment and inhibitants around No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Plant. Material and Method: According to the distance and the wind direction from No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Plant, the study area was divided into high exposure (HE) and low exposure (LE) areas. We selected the representative EPA air quality monitoring stations in HE and LE areas respectively and analyzed the difference in concentrations of air pollutants between HE and LE. In addition, PM10 in air were sampled by Harvard Impactor and the heavy metal levels were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). A total of 673 study subjects who aged above 35 years old were selected from HE area and Huwei County. Urine and information of potential covariates of urinary metals were collected by the health screen and questionnaire. The concentrations of urinary heavy metals were determined by ICP-MS. Result: The results of air quality fron EPA monitoring stations showed that the levels of SO2, an indicator of industrial air pollutants, in Taisi station were significantly higher than that in LE area (Lunbei station and Douliou station), and the SO2 levels during affected wind directions were significantly higher than those during non-affected wind directions in both HE and LE areas. Regarding environment sampling, the levels of copper and thallium in PM10 in LE area were significantly higher then HE area. The concentration of vanadium in PM10 was higher in HE area when compared to LE area even though it is not statistically significant. After adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, smoking, dietary exposure and other potential confounders, we found that the urinary levels of vanadium, manganese, arsenic and strontium of inhabitants in HE area were significantly higher than those in Huwei County. Conclusion: The result of high SO2 indicated the pollution effect of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Plant on its surrounding area. Moreover, the levels of vanadium in ambiet PM10 and urinary samples reflected on the effects of emitted metal pollutants on the environment and residents. However, more comprehensive investigations are necessary to clarify the impact of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex on the surrounding environment and inhabitants. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T00:01:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-100-R98841016-1.pdf: 2861343 bytes, checksum: ad5e73d46130a5520bab21f11e54c3cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
誌謝 i 摘要 I ABSTRACT III 目錄 V 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 VIII 第一章 前言 1 1.1 六輕離島工業區背景及規模說明 1 1.2 六輕離島工業區污染物種類及排放量簡介 4 1.3 石化工業及火力發電廠相關之流行病學研究 8 1.4 金屬毒性與其健康效應 9 1.5 石化工業及火力發電廠之環境金屬監測 16 1.6 石化工業及火力發電廠對於金屬的生物偵測 18 1.7 研究目的 20 第二章 材料與方法 21 2.1 研究設計與架構 21 2.2 研究地區 23 2.3 六輕離島工業區周界空氣品質測站監測資料分析 24 2.3.1 崙背測站、台西測站與斗六測站 24 2.3.2 台西、崙背及斗六測站歷年污染物質之探討 25 2.4 六輕離島工業區周界懸浮微粒採樣與重金屬分析 27 2.4.1 空氣懸浮微粒採樣時間與地點 27 2.4.2 空氣懸浮微粒採樣與重金屬成份分析 27 2.5 六輕離島工業區周界成人生物標記之收集與分析 30 2.5.1 研究對象 30 2.5.2 問卷資料收集 31 2.5.3 尿液檢體的收集 31 2.5.4 尿液中重金屬分析 31 2.5.5 分析方法品質控制與保證 33 2.5.6 儀器設備與試劑 36 2.6 數據整理及統計分析 37 第三章 研究結果 39 3.1 空氣品質測站歷年污染物質比較結果 39 3.2 空氣中懸浮微粒採樣濃度及重金屬含量分析 42 3.3 六輕離島工業區周界居民尿液中重金屬濃度 46 3.3.1 研究對象基本資料描述 46 3.3.2 研究對象之尿液中重金屬濃度分布 49 3.3.3 複回歸模式分析尿液中重金屬濃度之結果 53 第四章 討論 56 4.1 六輕離島工業區周界空氣品質測站監測資料之討論 56 4.2 六輕離島工業區周界採樣結果之討論 59 4.3 六輕離島工業區周界居民尿液中重金屬分布之討論 62 4.4 與六輕相似類型之工業區周界居民尿液中重金屬濃度比較 68 4.5 研究限制 70 第五章 結論與建議 72 參考文獻 74 附錄 82 圖目錄 圖 1 六輕離島工業區周界鄉鎮位置圖 1 圖 2 六輕離島工業區原油煉製製程圖 5 圖 3 六輕離島工業區歷年污染物質排放量 7 圖 4 研究架構 22 圖 5 研究地區示意圖 23 圖 6 雲林縣空氣品質監測站位置示意圖 25 圖 7 台西、崙背及斗六測站受影響風向示意圖 26 圖 8 六輕離島工業區周界高、低暴露區PM10採樣地點示意圖 29 圖 9 高暴露區測站2009年9月至2011年3月採樣時之風玫瑰圖(按採樣日期) 43 圖 10 高暴露區測站整體採樣時之風玫瑰圖 43 圖 11 低暴露區測站2009年9月至2011年3月採樣時之風玫瑰圖(按採樣日期) 44 圖 12 低暴露區測站整體採樣時之風玫瑰圖 44 圖 13 雲林縣空氣品質測站及周邊交通道路示意圖 58 圖 14 高、低暴露區採樣點、重要交通及風向示意圖 59 圖 15 高、低暴露區內採樣點與金屬相關工業之相對位置圖 61 圖 16 研究對象與金屬相關工廠之相對位置示意圖 67 圖 17 Harvard Impactor結構圖 85 圖 18 Harvard Impactors採樣架組合圖 86 表目錄 表 1 民營火力電廠基本資料及現況表 3 表 2 六輕離島工業區各廠別之產能 3 表 3 雲林縣全縣及六輕離島工業區污染物排放量 6 表 4 六輕離島工業區各廠別可能排放之金屬 15 表 5 六輕離島工業區周界高、低暴露區PM10採樣日期 28 表 6 儀器設定參數 33 表 7 尿液中各元素之方法偵測極限(MDL)及樣本小於偵測極限的比例 34 表 8 尿液標準品參考值與可接受範圍 35 表 9 六輕離島工業區周界台西測站及斗六和崙背測站2006至2010年空氣中污染物質濃度的比較 40 表 10 六輕離島工業區周界台西測站和斗六及崙背測站2006至2010年受影響風向與非受影響風向空氣中污染物質濃度之比較 41 表 11 六輕離島工業區周界高、低暴露區2009年9月至2011年3月空氣中PM10採樣濃度之比較 45 表 12 六輕離島工業區周界高、低暴露區2009年9月至2011年3月PM10採樣之重金屬含量之比較 45 表 13 六輕離島工業區周界台西鄉和麥寮鄉及虎尾鎮35歲以上成人的基本人口學資料、個人生活習慣及居家環境之比較 (N=673) 47 表 14 六輕離島工業區周界研究對象尿液中重金屬濃度與人口學、生活習慣及居家環境變項間之關係 (N=673) 51 表 15 複回歸模式分析六輕離島工業區附近居民尿液中各金屬濃度 (N=673) 54 表 16 國內外石化工業區或火力發電廠周界居民尿液中重金屬濃度之比較 69 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 六輕離島工業區周界之懸浮微粒及附近居民尿中重金屬濃度之評估研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Study on Heavy Metals in Particulate Matters and in Urine of Residents in the Vicinity of No. 6 Naphtha Cracking Complex | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 99-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃耀輝(Yaw-Huei Hwang),胡素婉(Suh-Woan Hu),王淑麗(Shu-Li Wang) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 石化工業,火力發電廠,重金屬,尿液,成人, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | petrochemical industry,coal-fired power plant,heavy metal,urine,adult, | en |
dc.relation.page | 98 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2011-08-08 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-100-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 2.79 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。