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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 翁祖輝 | |
dc.contributor.author | Yi-Chun Liu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 劉怡君 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-12T18:21:44Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2011-08-24 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-08-24 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-08-21 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 1. 交通部統計資料,民國九十六年我國機車數量成長及相關業務統計
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Reduction of particulate air pollution lowers the risk of heritable mutations in mice. Science 304:1008-1010 28. Sram, R.J., Binkova, B., Dejmak, J., Bobak, M. 2005. Ambient air pollution and pregnancy outcomes: A review of the literature. Environmental Health Perspectives 113:375-381 29. Tzeng, H.P., Yang, R.S. Ueng, T.H., Lin-Siau, S.Y., Liu, S.H. 2003. Motorcycle exhaust particulates enhance vasoconstriction in organ culture of rat aortas and involve reactive oxygen species. Toxicological Sciences 75:66-73 30. Ueng, T.H. Hu, S.H., Chen, R.M., Wang, H.W., Kuo, M.L. 2000. Induction of cytochrome P-450 1A1 in human hepatoma HepG2 and lung carcinoma NCI-H322 cells by motorcycle exhaust particulate. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health A 60:101-119 31. Ueng, T.H., Wang H.W., Hung, C.C., Chang H.L. 2004. Effects of motorcycle exhaust inhalation exposure on cytochrome P450 2B1, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in rat liver and lung. 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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/27808 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 機車廢氣(motorcycle exhaust,ME)在台灣都市中為一主要空氣污染源,其對人體健康造成潛在危害。機車廢氣中含有許多有毒化學物質如:benzene和benzo(a)pyrene。Cytochrome P450為一相(phase I)代謝酵素,在體內主要負責藥物、致癌物、荷爾蒙和環境污染物的代謝。目前研究指出,模擬人們暴露機車廢氣之情況,雄性大鼠暴露二行程機車廢氣四週,在雄性大鼠可明顯地降低睪丸與副睪尾精子密度,在副睪尾與輸精管的精子活動力亦有明顯的下降。在與雌性大鼠的交配實驗中,暴露機車廢氣組與雌性大鼠的交配率、懷孕率和著床率皆有顯著下降,並且增加早期死胎比率。但每胎仔鼠數目則無太大差異。ME並且可使副睪組織中total glutathione含量下降。病理切片之結果顯示暴露ME後,睪丸之細精管有萎縮現象和副睪細胞壞死。萘 ( naphthalene) 為ME中之主要多環芳香烴,以萘 275 mg/kg 處理雄性大鼠四天,可增加副睪中androgen receptor interacting protein 3 基因表現。四行程機車廢氣增加每天暴露時間為四小時,睪丸與副睪之組織重量與精子數目皆有下降現象。利用抗氧化劑,vitamin E (50 mg/kg),處理暴露二行程機車廢氣之雄性大鼠,結果顯示共同處理組之睪丸與副睪尾精子密度下降相較ME組有恢復的現象。睪丸與副睪尾的聚合酶連鎖反應(RT-PCR)分析基因表現,發炎相關基因IL-6、IL-1α、IL-1β和COX-2在共同處理組皆有回復ME組誘導基因表現上升的趨勢。暴露二行程機車廢氣之雄性大鼠的交配率和懷孕率的結果更加支持暴露ME造成精子毒性的病理切片和基因表現的結果。本研究首次證明了機動車輛排廢物對交配率和懷孕率的不良影響。總結以上,目前研究以證明了機車廢氣造成雄性大鼠的生殖毒性,氧化壓力可能為其主要機制之一。此結果將有益於我們對於機車廢氣的危害評估。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Motorcycle exhaust (ME) is a major source of air pollution in the urban areas and a potential health hazard in Taiwan. ME contains carcinogenic benzene and benzo(a)pyrene and many toxic chemicals. Cytochrome P450 is the primary enzyme system responsible for the metabolism of drugs, carcinogens, steroid hormones, and environmental pollutants. The present studies showed that inhalation exposure of male rats to ME at environmental realistic conditions for 4 weeks decreased testis and epididymis weights, testis and cauda epididymis sperm concentrations, and cauda epididymis and vas deferens sperm mobility. The results of reproductive study showed that 2-Stroke ME inhalation exposure of male rats produced decreases in male mating index, female fecundity index, implantation site and an increase in pre-implantation loss. Litter size from the ME group was smaller than the controls. ME inhalation decreased epididymal glutathione content. The result of histological analysis showed ME produced testicular atrophy and epididymal tubule necrosis. Treatment of rats with 275 mg/kg naphthalene, a major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon component of ME, intraperitoneally once daily for 4 day, increased androgen receptor interacting protein 3 mRNA expression in cauda epididymis, analyzed by RT-PCR. Inhalation exposure to 1:10 diluted 4-stroke ME for 4 weeks resulted in decreases of testis and epididymis weights, testicular and cauda epidiymal sperm contents. Cotreatment with 2-stroke ME inhalation exposure and 50 mg/kg vitamin E, an antioxidant, orally for 4 weeks reduced ME-mediated decreases of testis and epidiymis weights and sperm density. The vitamin E cotreatment blocked at least partly induction of IL-6 mRNA expression by ME, analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Similar trends of protective effects by the antioxidant were observed with IL-1α, IL-1β, and COX-2 mRNA. These fertility and gestational data were supportive of the morphology and gene expression data showing that ME inhalation exposure produced spermatotoxic and reproductive effects in male rats. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first to show adverse effects on mating and fertility from exposure to emissions from motor vehicles. In summary, the present findings show that ME inhalation has the ability to cause reproductive toxicity in male rats and the underlying mechanisms involve oxidative stress. These results may help to assess the health risk associated with ME exposure. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-12T18:21:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-96-R94447009-1.pdf: 835671 bytes, checksum: ca8b8aa5498263fc31410f9fd4dedab5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 ii
中文摘要 1 英文摘要 3 第一章 前言 第一節、日益嚴重的空氣污染問題 4 第二節、空氣污染所致的健康危害及其機制 4 第三節、目前台灣機動車使用情況及機車廢氣的組成份 5 第四節、空氣污染與精液品質惡化以及不孕之間的關聯 7 第五節、研究目的 8 第二章 研究方法與步驟 第一節、呼吸曝露實驗 I. 實驗動物 10 II. 機車廢氣曝露裝置系統 10 III. 大鼠呼吸暴露機車廢氣實驗 11 IV. 萘處理雄性大鼠 11 V. 呼吸二行程機車廢氣大鼠共同處理vitamin E 11 第二節、精子毒性評估 I. 睪丸及副睪精子密度計算 11 第三節、呼吸二行程機車廢氣大鼠之懷孕率實驗 12 第四節、酵素實驗測試 I. 細胞微粒體及細胞質的製備 12 II. 一相酵素活性測試 13 III. 二相酵素活性測試 14 IV. 抗氧化酵素活性測試 14 第五節、睪丸及副睪基因mRNA表現分析 I. 組織RNA萃取 16 II. 聚合酶連鎖反應以及引子序列及反應條件 17 第三章 結果 第一節、二行程機車廢氣對雄性大鼠器官重量和精子密度變化之影響 18 第二節、二行程機車廢氣對雄性大鼠肤胱甘肽含量、脂質過氧化和DNA分解之影響 19 第三節、暴露二行程機車廢氣之雄性大鼠組織病理變化之影響 19 第四節、呼吸暴露二行程機車廢氣對雄性大鼠之生殖毒性 20 第五節、萘處理對雄性大鼠睪丸與副睪器官重量和精子密度變化之影響 21 第六節、萘處理對雄性大鼠睪丸與副睪一相、二相代謝酵素活性與抗氧化酵素活性之影響 21 第七節、萘處理對大鼠睪丸與副睪尾中雄性素調控、參與類固醇生成和發炎及細胞凋亡相關基因mRNA表現之影響 22 第八節、四行程機車廢氣對雄性大鼠器官重量和精子密度變化之影響 23 第九節、二行程機車廢氣共同處理vitamin E對雄性大鼠組織重與精子密度之影響 23 第十節、二行程機車廢氣與二行程機車廢氣共同處理vitamin E肤胱甘肽含量、肤胱甘肽氧化態與7-ethoxycoumarin O-dealkylase活性之影響 24 第十一節、二行程機車廢氣與二行程機車廢氣共同處理vitamin E對雄性大鼠睪丸與副睪中參與發炎相關基因mRNA表現之影響 25 第十二節、二行程機車廢氣與二行程機車廢氣共同處理vitamin E之雄性大鼠組織病理變化之影響 27 第四章 討論 第一節 二行程機車廢氣造成精子毒性的可能機制 29 第二節 肤胱甘肽在抗氧化系統所扮演之角色 30 第三節 萘處理雄性大鼠對其器官重、酵素活性和基因表現影響之探討 32 第四節 四行程機車廢氣對雄性大鼠之影響 33 第五節 雄性大鼠暴露二行程機車廢氣共同處理vitamin E之結果探討 34 第六節 結論 36 參考文獻 37 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 機車廢氣對雄性大鼠之生殖毒性 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Reproductive Toxicity of Motorcycle Exhaust in Male Rats | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳大樑,陳瑞明 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 機車廢氣,生殖毒性,氧化壓力,精子毒性,副睪,前發炎細胞激素, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Motorcycle exhaust,testis,epididymis,spermatotoxicity,proinflammatory cytokine,oxidative stress,antioxidant, | en |
dc.relation.page | 71 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-08-21 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 醫學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 毒理學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 毒理學研究所 |
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