可延長無線感測網路生命期的感測範圍調整

Abstract

隨著微機電整合、無線網路及嵌入式系統處理技術的迅速提升，微小的電子裝置可以內嵌精密感測、計算及通訊等多樣化功能。近來眾多研究均非常重視這類小型裝置的發展與前景，其中當屬無線感測網路最受大家注目，將微型無線感測器部署於環境當中形成無線感測網路，並且負責監控與蒐集生活環境的相關資料。鑑於感測器的能源有限，如何妥善規劃能源使用來延長網路生命期一直是無線感測網路的重要議題。 在這篇論文中我們應用了PEAS（Probing Environment and Adaptive Sleeping）的密度控制協定，它能幫助網路節點均勻分佈工作，使消耗能量降低，我們使用該協定的有效能源管理方法並研究高密度部署之下活躍感測節點構成連結的特性，計算感測區域範圍內的數學模組，定義每個節點在各種狀態之下的能量消耗，試圖找出該感測網路部署之下最佳的探測範圍使得網路生命期達到最長。

Owing to the improvement and integration of wireless communication network research and microelectronics, tiny electronic devices can embed multiple functions, such as accurate sensing, computing, and communications. Recently, many researches take account of the development and future of such tiny devices, in which WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) has been noted significantly. Deploying tiny wireless sensor into the environment forms a WSN, which is in charge of monitoring and collecting information related to living environment. Because of limited power, how to make good use of its power to lengthen network lifetime is always the most important issue. In this article, we apply the density control protocol in PEAS approach, which helps network nodes distribute work uniformly so that lowers power consumption. We use the effective approach on power management of the protocol and study the characteristics of links between active sensor nodes under high-density distribution. We find the mathematical model of the sensing area, define the power dissipation of each node in every state, and try to find out the best sensing range that extends network lifetime most under the sensor network distribution.