應用賽局理論探討雲端供應鏈的收費分析

Abstract

本研究探討雲端運算中提供的三種服務模式：基礎設施即服務、平台即服務與軟體即服務，也稱之為雲端供應鏈。在雲端供應鏈中，由於顧客會同時需求不只一樣商品，因此我們將市場區分為三種類型。接著，本研究將基礎設施即服務和平台即服務視之為策略聯盟，稱之為硬體廠商，而軟體即服務廠商必須有硬體設備才能提供服務，因此本研究應用非合作賽局中的Stcakelberg模型獲得硬體廠商和軟體廠商的最佳價格解。在非合作賽局中硬體廠商所獲得的利潤，再應用合作賽局中的Nash議價模型來探討廠商公平的分配。最後，根據敏感度分析，給予適當管理上的意涵。

In the research, we focus on supply chains in the clouds which provide three cloud services: infrastructure as a service（IaaS）, platform as a service（PaaS） and software as a service（SaaS）. Since more than one service is simultaneously required by customers, we can divide the market demand into three groups. First, we formulate supply chains in the clouds where IaaS and PaaS act as a strategic alliance, called hardware firms, and SaaS is an independent player who maximizes his own profits. Then, we develop a Stackelberg model to get optimal prices of hardware firms and software firm. Next, we apply the Nash bargaining game to allocate the hardware firms profits according to the firms’ utility functions. Finally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis to draw some managerial insight in our model.