休閒農業區經營表現與經費使用效率之比較研究

Abstract

我國在加入世界貿易組織(World Trade Organization，WTO)之後，政府積極輔導國內農業轉型，而政府成立休閒農業區不僅為引導國內農業朝向休閒和環保的方向發展，也希望能藉此促進農業土地及勞力資源的利用，並發揮農業的加值機能，創造農村地區居民的就業機會，促進農民收益的提升。 然而，各縣市發展休閒農業的資源及地方政府對推廣休閒農業發展的態度均有所不同，因此本文欲瞭解各縣市休閒農業區的經營表現是否有所差異，並更進一步探討政府所補助各縣市發展休閒農業區的經費相對於其經營表現，在使用上是否有缺乏效率需要加強之處。 本文以因素分析法(Factor Analysis)從「地方特色表現及營運成效」、「環境和地方交通」和「地方農業資源運用和設施維護」等三個構面來比較各縣市休閒農業區的經營表現，並進一步以資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis，DEA)之產出導向的CCR模型進行各縣市發展休閒農業區投入經費的效率分析。 根據本文研究結果發現，部分縣市在休閒農業區的經營表現和經費使用效率上存有顯著差異存在。在休閒農業區經營表現上，宜蘭縣和南投縣在各個構面上的表現均為最佳，並在不同構面的表現顯著優於新竹縣、台南縣和嘉義縣；在投入經費的使用效率上，以DEA法進行分析的結果發現各縣市在休閒農業區的經費使用效率上亦有差異存在，目前台灣以苗栗縣、高雄縣在休閒農業區營運上最具有效率。若進一步和休閒農業區的評鑑結果進行對照，發現大部分的縣市在兩種方法比較結果相近，但新竹縣、高雄縣和台中縣在兩種方法比較上卻有明顯差異。

After joining World Trade Organization, the government of Taiwan has helped domestic agriculture to transform. The establishment of leisure farm areas by the government not only leads the development of domestic agriculture towards a recreational and environmentally friendly way, but also hoping that by doing so will promote the utilization of agriculture land and labor resources, as well as create value added functions of agriculture and employment opportunities of residents in the rural areas. However, the resources for each county to develop leisure agriculture is different as well as the attitude of local governments towards leisure agriculture development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to discuss whether there is a difference between the performance of leisure farm areas in each county. Furthermore, this study would discuss the performance of leisure farm areas using funds supported by the government, and if any improvement is needed. In the research, Factor Analysis is used through three aspects, “local characteristic performance and operation result”, “environment and local transportation” and “utilization of local agriculture resources and maintenance of facilities”, to compare the performance of leisure farm areas in each county. The CCR model of Data Envelopment Analysis is also used to analyze the efficiency of the funds used on developing leisure farm areas in each county. According to the research of this study, there is a noticeable difference between the performance and efficiency of funds utilization of leisure farm areas in some counties.