菇蕈多醣體之細胞免疫提升作用之研究

Abstract

菇蕈類多年來在傳統治療上廣泛被使用，許多食藥用菇之生物活性物質是具有抗癌作用的，目前已知具有抗癌功效之主要有效成分為多醣體。本論文將菇蕈多醣體應用在正常小鼠及擔癌小鼠上，探討菇蕈多醣體對細胞免疫及腫瘤生長之關連性。 結果顯示口服菇蕈多醣體溶液14天後，能提升正常小鼠脾臟自然殺手細胞之毒殺活性，將相同濃度之菇蕈多醣體餵食擔癌小鼠24天後，腫瘤抑制率為67.2%。但在自然殺手毒殺活性和淋巴球增生實驗中，卻並沒有顯著的變化。在多醣體濃度0.03 %到0.12 %範圍中，腫瘤抑制率以及淋巴球細胞之增生率隨著多醣體濃度上升而有提升之效果。將多醣體濃度提升至0.12 %對擔癌小鼠進行擔癌前14天提前餵食之實驗，顯示提前餵食之處理組別的腫瘤抑制率最高，並且也提高了淋巴球細胞的增生倍率。 綜合以上各種結果我們可以發現，菇蕈多醣體可提升小鼠自然殺手細胞之活性，而在擔癌小鼠的應用上，可藉由調高多醣體濃度以及提前餵食多醣體來達到更明顯的抗腫瘤以及提昇免疫反應之功效。

Mushroom has a long history of use in folk medicine. It has been report that mushroom contains various biologically active compounds, especially, such as beta-glucan. In the present study, C57BL/6 mice were orally administered mushroom beta-glucan, and antitumor immunity was examined. The result revealed higher level of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity after treating with beta-glucan for 14 days in tumor-unbearing mice. The inhibition of tumor growth in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-bearing mice treated with beta-glucan has been observed. Oral administration of mushroom beta-glucan in different concentrations significantly reduced the tumor weight in a dose-dependent manner, with an inhibition more than 70%. It also shows the treatment of the highest concentration of glucan elevated the cytotoxicity of natural killer cell and the mitogen-induced lymphoproliferative activity of spleen cells. In pre- and simultaneous treatment, the inhibition of tumor growth are higher than control group. After pre-treatment of glucan, the proliferation of lymphocytes is significantly increased. In conclusion, the beta-glucan derived from the mushroom could be used as immunomodulator and anti tumor agent in mice.