國家資源經營新思維-論信用保證制度風險管理之有效性與妥當性

Abstract

信用保證制度向來是各國政府對邊際型企業融資需求輔導的重要制度，而我國中小企業信用保證基金自1974年6月成立，截至2001年底前，約27年信保利用率均維持在6%左右，但近4年來，隨著經濟環境大幅改變、金融結構變化，信保利用率逐年攀升，2006年4月，該比率已達18.43%，成長2倍；同時期，全體金融機構對中小企業之放款卻是衰退的。信用保證制度在矯正市場失靈的功能，是否已無效？ 本研究主要參酌目前信用保證制度績效最佳典範的日本、韓國，並衡量我國特殊經濟環境，探討我國信用保證基金，如何突破資訊不對稱、逾期率持續上升、且政府捐助款無法如期撥付的現況，達成政策任務。

Credit Guarantee System is always an important system for each government to financially support so called“marginal business”. In our country, Small and Medium Business Credit Guarantee Fund (SMEG) was set up in June 1974, and till the end of 2001 (that’s almost 27 years), the Credit Guarantee Utilization Ratio (CGUR) in financial institution had been maintained at 6% or so. However, this ratio in April 2006 was boomed to 18.43%, 2 times increase. In contrast, during the same time, the loan of total financial institutions to SMEs was declining. Is the function of correcting the market-failure of credit guarantee system unavailable? This research mainly referred to the related function and organizations in Japan and Korea which are currently among the best practices of Credit Guarantee System all over the world, and also proposed ways of improvement in the Credit Guarantee Systems, considering the special economic circumstance of Taiwan. This research also suggested how SMEG could continually fulfill its public mission under information asymmetry, increasing ratio of non-performing loans, and the decreasing capital fund contributed from the government.