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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 謝志誠 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ming-Chia Yiu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 于明嘉 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T06:20:42Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2006-08-30 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2006-08-10 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 1. 林俊義。2006。國內外生質能源發展潛力與方向。出自“生質能源開發與利用”，林立夫、郭明朝、楊盛行、陳建源主編，39-55。台北：台灣大學生物科技學系。
2. 孫朝棟。1987。食品工程學。初版, 509-533。台北:藝軒。 3. Kemper, T. G. 2005. Oil Extraction. In “Bailey’s Industrial Oil & Fat Products”, ed. F. Shahidi, 57-98. USA: A John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 4. Harrington, K. J., and C. Darcyevans. 1985. A Comparison of Conventional and Insitu Methods of Trans-Esterification of Seed Oil from a Series of Sunflower Cultivars. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 62 (6):1009-1013. 5. Hron, R. J., S. P. Koltun, and A. V. Graci. 1982. Suitability of Commercial Cottonseed for Producing Edible High Protein Flours by Liquid Classification. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 59 (5):233-237. 6. Kildiran, G., S. O. Yucel, and S. Turkay. 1996. In-situ alcoholysis of soybean oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 73 (2):225-228. 7. Rosenthal, A., D. L. Pyle, and K. Niranjan. 1996. Aqueous and enzymatic processes for edible oil extraction. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 19 (6):402-420. 8. Santamaria, R. I., C. Soto, M. E. Zuniga, R. Chamy, and A. Lopez-Munguia. 2003. Enzymatic extraction of oil from Gevuina avellana, the Chilean hazelnut. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 80 (1):33-36. 9. Sarkar, B. C., S. Pandey, B. K. Kumbhar, and Y. C. Agrawal. 2004. Aqueous oil extraction from enzyme pretreated sesame seed and process parameters optimization. Journal of Food Science and Technology-Mysore 41 (6):604-608. 10. Schwartzberg, H. G., and R. Y. Chao. 1982. Solute Diffusivities in Leaching Processes. Food Technology 36 (2):73-86. 11. Shah, S., A. Sharma, and M. N. Gupta. 2004. Extraction of oil from Jatropha curcas L. seed kernels by enzyme assisted three phase partitioning. Industrial Crops and Products 20 (3):275-279. 12. Shah, S., A. Sharma, and M. N. Gupta. 2005. Extraction of oil from Jatropha curcas L. seed kernels by combination of ultrasonication and aqueous enzymatic oil extraction. Bioresource Technology 96 (1):121-123. 13. Sharma, A., S. K. Khare, and M. N. Gupta. 2001. Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of rice bran oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 78 (9):949-951. 14. Sharma, A., S. K. Khare, and M. N. Gupta. 2002. Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of peanut oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 79 (3):215-218. 15. Sharma, A., S. K. Khare, and M. N. Gupta. 2002. Three phase partitioning for extraction of oil from soybean. Bioresource Technology 85 (3):327-329. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/25602 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 菜籽油為高潛力的生質柴油原料，本研究旨在探討使用正己烷、乙醇與水作為萃取溶劑，進行不同菜籽油萃取方法的效率分析與可行性評估。本研究建立多級逆向萃取的數學模式並以兩種溶劑與固體比（E/R=4，8）實驗驗證其正確性，結果顯示E/R=4效果較佳，萃取收率達90%且萃取液濃度可達8∼9%（w/w）；本研究另以數學模式模擬不同級數與E/R比下，乙醇逆向萃取菜籽油，其結果顯示E/R=20的九級逆向萃取，萃取液濃度為1.5∼1.6%（w/w），萃取收率可達87%，然而萃取液濃度過低成為以乙醇同時萃取與交酯反應系統最大的阻礙。酵素輔助水萃取（AEOE）的試驗，果膠分解酶(Pectinase)水解油菜籽與黃豆萃取收率分別為69%和65%；蛋白質分解酶(Proteinase)水解油菜籽與黃豆萃取收率分別為58%和70%。酵素輔助水萃取雖可減少能源的消耗，但是萃取收率低與油水分離困難使其成效不及有機溶劑萃取。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Rapeseed oil is one the major feed stocks for biodiesel with great potential. The feasibility and efficiency of various rapeseed oil extraction systems with hexane, ethanol and water as solvents were studied and compared. Mathematical model of multi-stage counter-current-flow extraction was build and verified in this research. Six-stage counter-current-flow extraction experiments were carried with two different solvent to raffinate ratio (E/R) i.e. E/R=4, 8. A better result was found with E/R=4, that gave 90% in oil recovery and 8~9% (w/w) oil concentration in extract. Counter-current-flow ethanol-rapeseed oil extraction with varies stages and E/R ratios were simulated. A nine-stage extraction with E/R=20 shown that the oil concentration in ethanol was 1.5~1.6% (w/w) and oil recovery was 87%. Although extraction-transesterification might be considered for the ethanol - rapeseed oil system, but the oil concentration in extract might obstruct the idea to be practical. In respect of Aqueous Enzymatic Oil Extraction (AEOE), pectinase and proteinase were used for rapeseed and soybean oil extraction. Oil recovery was 69% and 65% respectively as pectinase was used. Oil recovery was 58% and 70% respectively as proteinase was used. AEOE might be a process with less energy consumed, but inefficient in extraction yields and oil recovery from solution would be the main difficulty to be overcome. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-08T06:20:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-95-R93631013-1.pdf: 1155811 bytes, checksum: 121371aff4922c494fe5394a28401659 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
誌謝 i 摘要 ii Abstract iii 目錄 iv 圖目錄 vii 表目錄 x 符號表 xi 第一章 前言 1 1.1 環境問題 1 1.2 能源問題 2 第二章 研究目的 3 第三章 文獻探討 4 3.1 生質能源 4 3.2 萃取的定義 5 3.3 固液萃取 6 3.4 油脂萃取的溶劑 10 3.4.1烷烴化合物溶劑 10 3.4.2鹵化物溶劑 10 3.4.3丙酮 11 3.4.4醇類 11 3.5 酵素輔助水萃取 12 第四章 研究方法 14 4.1 實驗材料與設備 14 4.2 基本性質測定 15 4.3 試驗方法 17 4.3.1正己烷萃取 17 4.3.1.1正己烷含油濃度測試 17 4.3.1.2六級批次逆向萃取 18 4.3.2乙醇萃取 21 4.3.2.1乙醇含油濃度測試 21 4.3.2.2六級批次並流萃取 21 4.3.3酵素輔助水萃取 24 4.3.3.1緩衝溶液配製與酵素稀釋 24 4.3.3.2水萃取實驗 24 4.4 多級逆向萃取模式建立 27 4.4.1單級萃取 27 4.4.2多級逆向萃取 28 第五章 結果與討論 33 5.1 油菜籽與黃豆的基本性質 33 5.2 正己烷萃取 35 5.2.1平衡濃度與分配係數 35 5.2.2質量傳遞擴散係數 39 5.2.3逆向萃取試驗 41 5.3 乙醇萃取 53 5.3.1六級批次並流萃取 53 5.3.2平衡濃度與分配係數 55 5.3.3質量傳遞擴散係數 55 5.3.4逆向萃取模擬試驗 58 5.4 酵素輔助水萃取 62 第六章 結論 68 參考文獻 69 圖目錄 圖3-1 單級萃取 9 圖3-2 多級並流萃取 9 圖3-3 多級逆向萃取 9 圖4-1 批次逆向萃取實驗流程圖 19 圖4-2 六級批次逆向萃取操作程序圖 20 圖4-3 批次並流萃取實驗流程圖 22 圖4-4 六級批次並流萃取系統圖 23 圖4-5 酵素輔助水萃取實驗進行示意圖 25 圖4-6 酵素輔助水萃取實驗流程圖 26 圖4-7 單級平衡程序 27 圖5-1 油菜籽成份組成 34 圖5-2 黃豆成份組成 34 圖5-3 不同E/R比，正己烷對油菜籽單級萃取濃度變化 36 圖5-4 不同E/R比，正己烷對油菜籽單級萃取收率變化 37 圖5-5 正己烷與油菜籽分配曲線m 38 圖5-6 正己烷對油菜籽擴散係數Ds 40 圖5-7 不同級數與E/R比時，正己烷逆向萃取油菜籽，萃取液濃度比較 44 圖5-8 不同級數與E/R比時，正己烷逆向萃取油菜籽，萃取收率比較 45 圖5-9 不同級數與萃取時間時，正己烷逆向萃取油菜籽，萃取收率比較 46 圖5-10 E/R=4，正己烷六級逆向萃取油菜籽，各級實驗值與理論值濃度比較 49 圖5-11 E/R=8，正己烷六級逆向萃取油菜籽，各級實驗值與理論值濃度比較 50 圖5-12 E/R=4，正己烷六級逆向萃取油菜籽，各級實驗值與理論修正值濃度比較 51 圖5-13 E/R=8，正己烷六級逆向萃取油菜籽，各級實驗值與理論修正值濃度比較 52 圖5-14 六級乙醇並流萃取油菜籽收率與殘油率 54 圖5-15 油菜籽油與水乳化物 54 圖5-16 不同E/R比，乙醇對油菜籽單級萃取濃度變化 56 圖5-17 不同E/R比，乙醇對油菜籽單級萃取收率變化 56 圖5-18 乙醇與油菜籽分配曲線m 57 圖5-19 乙醇對油菜籽擴散係數Ds 57 圖5-20 不同級數與E/R比時，乙醇逆向萃取油菜籽，萃取液濃度比較 59 圖5-21 不同級數與E/R比時，乙醇逆向萃取油菜籽，萃取收率比較 60 圖5-22 不同級數與萃取時間時，乙醇逆向萃取油菜籽，萃取收率比較 61 圖5-23 Pectinase水解油菜籽分層現象 64 圖5-24 Proteinase水解油菜籽分層現象 64 圖5-25 Pectinase水解黃豆分層現象 65 圖5-26 Proteinase水解黃豆分層現象 65 圖5-27 不同酵素水解油菜籽萃取收率比較 66 圖5-28 不同酵素水解黃豆萃取收率比較 66 圖5-29 水萃取後的油菜籽油 67 圖5-30 水萃取後的黃豆油 67 表目錄 表4-1 不同形狀α、qn、Cn對應關係表 32 表5-1 E/R=4，正己烷六級逆向萃取實驗值與理論值比較表 47 表5-2 E/R=8，正己烷六級逆向萃取實驗值與理論值比較表 48 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 乙醇 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 油菜籽 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 水 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 正己烷 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 萃取 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Hexane | en |
| dc.subject | Water | en |
| dc.subject | Rapeseed | en |
| dc.subject | Extraction | en |
| dc.subject | Ethanol | en |
| dc.title | 生質柴油之植物油脂萃取法比較 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Comparison of Vegetable Oil Extraction Methods for Biodiesel | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 94-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李允中,周楚洋,陳世銘,陳力騏 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 乙醇,正己烷,水,油菜籽,萃取, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Ethanol,Hexane,Water,Rapeseed,Extraction, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 70 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2006-08-11 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生物產業機電工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生物機電工程學系 | |
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