在滿足客製化下運用共同料概念進行產品設計之研究

Abstract

論文摘要 隨著消費者偏好的多樣化，企業為了滿足消費者多樣的需求，因此企業也提供越來越多樣化的產品。但也因為如此，企業在開發許多樣式的產品時，特別是在產品設計階段，企業並未事先有一套完善的零組件使用規劃，導致企業隨著產品種類的增加，其個別零組件的生產樣式與數量也隨之增加，造成存貨的大幅上升。 本研究運用產品與零組件之間的適配性關係，從企業利潤的觀點，提出一個能夠精簡產品零組件共用的方式，建立起最佳化零組件樣式與產品品項之模型，並利用由企業所得到的實際資料結合數學規劃的方式進行求解，希望能夠提供給企業一個最佳的產品零組件與產品開發數量。而藉由模型建立與實際資料運算的結果可以得到以下結論： 1. 從開發新產品的觀點： 當企業採用共同零組件進行產品開發與設計時，不但可以大大減少企業生產過多之零組件，同時可以提供足夠的品項滿足市場的需求，減少企業在管理零組件上之困難並降低企業的庫存成本。 2. 從保持原有產品結構的觀點： 即便是在現存的產品品項架構下，透過共同零組件的開發與設計，仍然可以顯著的降低企業的庫存成本。

Abstract In recent year, enterprises launch more and more products to meet consumers’ demands as their preference becomes more and more diversified. But when enterprises design their products, they often lack for having a completed product development plan for the components and parts. As a result, with increasing product variety, there are more and more different types of components used and held for manufacturing these products. It results in higher inventory stock inside the enterprise. In this thesis, a model matching interrelationship between products and corresponding components is proposed to demonstrate how the components can be further reduced. Next, we take a real business case as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of our model with real data supplied by the company, and we hope that we can offer the best solution for enterprise to help them develop better plan when they design their products. Based on our analysis, some conclusions are provided: 1. Even though the product’s current structure has not been changed, our model can still lower the enterprise’s inventory cost but using the commonality components. 2. As enterprise use commonality components in product design stage, it not only can reduce the number of components dramatically, but also can offer enough variety of products to meet consumer’s demand and lower the enterprise’s inventory cost.