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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 謝志誠(Jyh-Cherng Shieh) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wei-Jen Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳韋任 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-08T05:59:18Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2007-08-03 | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2007-07-31 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/24969 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 生質乙醇,泛指以生質物為原料所產製之乙醇,具有高純度、方便儲存與低危險性等優點,可與汽油混合用於車輛引擎,是一項具有潛力之替代燃料。
本研究以台灣特用作物甘蔗於製糖後剩餘之蔗渣作為原料,先以0.25 M之稀硫酸,於1大氣壓與95℃條件下前處理60分鐘,並透過前處理液與前處理物之葡萄糖、木糖含量與組成分析,了解酸前處理之效果。再單獨或合併利用劑量不等之纖維水解酶與葡萄糖苷酶,對前處理物酵素水解,探討酵素種類、劑量、基質濃度與水解時間對酵素水解效果之影響,找出最佳之酵素水解條件。接著使用啤酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerevisiae BCRC 21685,於30℃、pH 4.6等條件下,對酵素水解後之水解液進行醱酵,先探討水解液之可醱酵性,其次於加入葡萄糖下探討有無排毒、滅菌對於醱酵反應之影響,最後探討加入葡萄糖或蒸發水分方式提高葡萄糖濃度對醱酵反應之影響。 研究結果顯示:在酸前處理階段,有1.46%之纖維素、91.85%之半纖維素、0.49%之木質素與77.31%之其他成分在過程中被溶解,並於前處理液中測得濃度分別為0.52 mg/mL與4.29 mg/mL之葡萄糖與木糖濃度。在水解酵素階段,最佳之酵素組合為5 mL 之Cellulclast 1.5L搭配 1 mL之Novozyme 188,可於基質濃度1%、溫度50℃、80 rpm、pH值 4.6與水解時間24小時等條件下,獲得339.21 mg/g之葡萄糖產率、49.25%之纖維素轉換率,過程中並有57.17%之纖維素、20.0%之半纖維素、3.81%之木質素、12.48%之其他物質被溶解。若提高水解基質濃度至5%,並無助於纖維素轉換率之提高。在醱酵階段,若未經排毒與滅菌程序,則在歷經48小時之醱酵後,仍有26.7 g/L之葡萄糖未轉換成乙醇,乙醇產率為0.367g ethanol/g glucose,約為理論值之72%。若先經排毒與滅菌程序,則所有葡萄糖可在24小時內醱酵完畢,乙醇產率提高至理論值之84%。若以蒸發水分之方式提高葡萄糖濃度且經排毒與滅菌程序,則葡萄糖可在30 小時內醱酵完畢,乙醇產率為79%。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Bioethanol is a kind of clean and renewable energy which can be used directly or mixed with gasoline as fuel on vehicles. In this study, sugarcane bagasse which contained 33.34% cellulose, 22.11% semicellulose, and 6.49% lignin was pretreated by 0.25 M sulfuric acid under 95℃ and 1 atm pressure for 60 mins. After pretreatment, dried solid material was hydrolyzed by mixing enzymes of cellulase from Trichoderma reesei C2730 (Celluclast 1.5L) and cellobiase from Aspergillus niger (Novozyme 188) under conditions of pH 4.6, 50℃ in 80 rpm shaking water bath for 24 hours. Different enzyme loadings and substrate ratios were tested to find out the optimum parameters. Hydrolysate was then fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae BCRC 21685 under conditions of pH 4.6, 30℃ for 24-48 hours. The effect of additional glucose, sterilization, and detoxification were investigated in this step.
As result, 0.52 mg/mL of glucose and 4.29 mg/mL of xylose concentrations were observed in liquid fraction and the content of solid material showed that 91.85% semicellulose and 1.46% cellulose was removed in pretreatment. In hydrolysis step, the enzyme loading of 5 mL Celluclast 1.5L plus 1 mL Novozyme 188 represented the best balance between economy and efficiency. 339.21 mg/mL of yield and 49.25% of conversion ratio were obtained under this enzyme loading with 1% substrate ratio and rising the substrate ratio did not help improving both of them. In fermentation step, without sterilization and detoxification, 26.7 g/L of glucose remains after 48 hours fermentation and ethanol yield was 0.367 g ethanol / g glucose, corresponding to 72% of theoretical ethanol yield. With sterilization and detoxification, glucose was fermented within 24 hours. The ethanol yield was 0.43 g ethanol/g glucose, , corresponding to 84% of theoretical ethanol yield. With evaporation to enhance the glucose concentration, the glucose concentration did not decrease to zero until after 30h. The ethanol concentration was 40.7 g/L, corresponding to 79% of theoretical ethanol yield. | en |
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dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
誌謝 I 摘要 II Abstract III 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第一章 前言 1 第二章 研究目的 4 第三章 文獻探討 5 3.1 纖維乙醇之料源 6 3.2 纖維乙醇之稀酸水解製程 10 3.3 纖維乙醇之濃酸水解製程 12 3.4 酵素水解製程 14 3.4.1 前處理 16 3.4.2 酵素水解 18 3.4.2.1 纖維水解酶 18 3.4.2.2 纖維水解酶之製備 19 3.4.2.3 纖維水解酶之活性 20 3.4.2.4 纖維水解酶作用機制 22 3.4.2.5 影響酵素水解之因素 22 3.4.3 醱酵 24 3.4.4 產物分離與純化 25 3.5 文獻回顧 26 3.5.1 前處理與酵素水解 26 3.5.2分開酵素水解與醱酵製程 35 3.5.3 同步醣化與醱酵製程 39 第四章 實驗材料與研究方法 47 4.1 實驗材料與設備 47 4.2 實驗內容與方法 50 4.2.1 前處理 50 4.2.2 酵素水解 51 4.2.3 酵母菌醱酵 52 4.2.3.1 酵母菌之活化 53 4.2.3.2 酵母菌接種物之製備 53 4.2.3.3 醱酵 54 4.2.4 物料組成成分分析 55 4.2.5 木糖及葡萄糖濃度分析 57 4.2.5.1 檢量線之建立 57 4.2.5.2 葡萄糖或木糖之濃度分析 58 4.2.6 乙醇濃度分析 59 第五章 結果與討論 61 5.1 蔗渣之成分 61 5.2 葡萄糖檢量線之建立 62 5.3 木糖檢量線之建立 64 5.4 酸前處理 66 5.4.1前處理物之成分 66 5.4.2前處理液之成分 67 5.5 酵素水解 69 5.5.1 酵素種類與劑量之影響 69 5.5.2 水解時間之影響 72 5.5.3 基質濃度之影響 75 5.5.4 殘留物之成分 77 5.6 醱酵 79 第六章 結論 81 參考文獻 83 圖目錄 圖3-1 纖維素之化學結構 7 圖3-2 微纖維之結構 9 圖3-3 稀酸水解製程 11 圖3-4 濃酸水解製程 13 圖3-5 水解與醱酵分離之酵素水解製程 15 圖3-6 醣化與醱酵同步之酵素水解製程 16 圖3-7木質纖維素之前處理目的 16 圖3-8 纖維水解酶作用機制 23 圖4-1 實驗流程圖 51 圖5-1 蔗渣之成分 61 圖5-2 0.2%之葡萄糖標準溶液層析圖 63 圖5-3 葡萄糖檢量線 63 圖5-4 0.2%之木糖標準溶液層析圖 64 圖5-5 木糖檢量線 65 圖5-6 前處理物之成分 66 圖5-7a 不同濃度酵素水解24小時後之效果 71 圖5-7b 不同濃度酵素水解24小時後之效果 72 圖5-8 Celluclast 1.5L劑量1 mL搭配不同劑量之Novozyme 188下,纖維素轉換率與水解時間之關 73 圖5-9 Celluclast 1.5L劑量5 mL搭配不同劑量之Novozyme 188下,纖維素轉換率與水解時間之關係 74 圖5-10 Celluclast 1.5L劑量10 mL搭配不同劑量之Novozyme 188下,纖維素轉換率與水解時間之關係 74 圖5-11 Celluclast 1.5L劑量5 mL搭配不同劑量之Novozyme 188下,基質濃度5%之纖維轉換率與酵素水解時間關係 76 圖5-12 Celluclast 1.5L劑量10 mL搭配不同劑量之Novozyme 188下,基質濃度5%之纖維轉換率與酵素水解時間關係 76 圖5-13 不同基質濃度下,酵素水解24小時後之效果比較 77 圖5-14 殘留物之成分 78 圖5-15 無排毒且無滅菌之醱酵 79 圖5-16 先排毒後滅菌之醱酵 80 圖5-17以蒸發水分方式提昇葡萄糖濃度之醱酵 80 表目錄 表3-1 常見之農業與一般廢棄物之纖維素、半纖維素與木質素組成比例 8 表3-2 纖維水解酶之活性測定 22 表4-1 中洗溶液之成分 57 表4-2 酸洗溶液之成分 57 表5-1 其他研究者採用之蔗渣成分比較 62 表5-2 蔗渣於各階段之成分 67 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 蔗渣產製生質乙醇 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Bioethanol Production from Bagasse | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 95-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李允中(Yeun-Chung Lee),周楚洋(Chu-Yang Chou),陳世銘(Suming Chen) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 生質乙醇,酸前處理,蔗渣,酵素水解,醱酵, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Acid pretreatment,Bagasse,Bioethanol,Enzymatic hydrolysis,Fermentation, | en |
dc.relation.page | 94 | |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2007-08-01 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 生物產業機電工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物機電工程學系 |
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