利用乳酸菌轉換豬排泄物化學性質變化之探討

Abstract

本研究擬利用醱酵技術，將豬排泄物轉換為有用的飼料或添加物。實驗使用乳酸菌為菌種，在測試階段以養樂多為乳酸菌來源;正式實驗階段則使用乳酸菌Lactobacillus kefiri和Lactobacillus acidophilus。基質使用乾燥後的豬糞，經厭氧醱酵以改變豬糞的性質，並使用固體分析等方式進行分析。 正式實驗階段實驗先分別以Lactobacillus kefiri和Lactobacillus acidophilus兩株菌單獨進行含水率70%、90%之醱酵實驗，接著則是混合兩株乳酸菌，分別進行70%、90%之醱酵實驗。 研究結果顯示，含水率90%在蛋白質上有較佳的產量，在乳酸的濃度方面，則以含水率70%有較好的表現。乳酸菌的選擇上，混合Lactobacillus kefiri和 Lactobacillus acidophilus兩株菌種含水率90%的醱酵方式在第14天能獲得36.20%的蛋白質含量。而Lactobacillus acidophilus含水率90%的反應槽在第三週蛋白質含量也可達到35.90%，而以上兩種操作同時也有較高的粗脂肪。

In this study, swine manure were converted by Lactobacillus sp. through fermentation. In the phase I, Lactobacillus Casei Shirota inYakult was used as the seed, while Lactobacillus kefiri and Lactobacillus acidophilus were selected as the seed in the phase II. The substrate used in the study was dry manure. In phase II, Lactobacillus kefiri and Lactobacillus acidophilus were used separately to start up fermentations at two different moisture contents, 70% and 90%. After finishing the above experiments, tests of using the mixed culture of the above two species were conducted at 70% and 90% moisture contents consequently. The results showed that at moisture content of 90%, more protein content in the product was observed; and higher concentration of lactic acid appeared in the moisture content of 70%. In comparison of the efficiency of Lactobacillus, the results indicated that fermentations of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the 21st day and mixed Lactobacillus sp .on the 14th day, the highest protein content and higher crude fat content could be obtained for both at 90% of moisture content.